Scribd
Upload
61 views16 pages

08 Layer 3 Switching

Networking Fundamentals--Layer 3 switching Terminology Why Do We Need Layer 3 switching? intranets have changed traffic patterns so that 80% of traffic now crosses network backbones. Advanced network services such as QoS, IP multicasting, intranets, extranets, and VPNs are better handled at layer 3.

Uploaded by

Naveed Ramzan
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
61 views16 pages

08 Layer 3 Switching

Networking Fundamentals--Layer 3 switching Terminology Why Do We Need Layer 3 switching? intranets have changed traffic patterns so that 80% of traffic now crosses network backbones. Advanced network services such as QoS, IP multicasting, intranets, extranets, and VPNs are better handled at layer 3.

Uploaded by

Naveed Ramzan
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 16

Module 8: Layer 3 Switching

www.cisco.com

1999, Cisco Systems, Inc.

Agenda

What Is Layer 3 Switching?

What is the Difference Between Layer 2 Switching, Layer 3 Switching, and Routing?

CSE: Networking FundamentalsLayer 3 Switching

www.cisco.com

1999, Cisco Systems, Inc.

8-2

Terminology

?
CSE: Networking FundamentalsLayer 3 Switching

www.cisco.com

1999, Cisco Systems, Inc.

8-3

Why Do We Need Layer 3 Switching?


Inversion of 80/20 rule
Intranets have changed traffic patterns so that 80% of traffic now crosses network backbones Trend to centralize servers exacerbates problem Web has turned PCs into both subscribers and publishers

Advanced network services such as QoS, IP multicasting, intranets, extranets, and VPNs are better handled at Layer 3 Layer 3 performance must scale to accommodate new, increased traffic patterns
CSE: Networking FundamentalsLayer 3 Switching

www.cisco.com

1999, Cisco Systems, Inc.

8-4

What Is Layer 2 Switching?


Switching Table
Destination 0002.ABCD.EF12

MAC Address
AAAA.1111.BBBB 3215.2511.AFFC 0001.2345.6789 3005.6798.AA05 0002.ABCD.EF12 0005.3ADB.1112

Output Interface
Ethernet 10 Ethernet 5 Ethernet 0 Ethernet 0 Ethernet 6 Ethernet 6

LAN Frame Switching E0 IP Address: 1.1.1.1 MAC Address: 0001.2345.6789

Packet

E6

IP Address: 1.1.1.2
MAC Address: 0002.ABCD.EF12

Data link layer (Layer 2) forwarding Forwards based on MAC layer address Wire-speed multiport bridge Transparent to upper layers
www.cisco.com
1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. 8-5

CSE: Networking FundamentalsLayer 3 Switching

What Is Routing?
Network layer (Layer 3) forwarding Forwards packets using CPU processing based on network layer address Fundamental building block of Layer 3 switching Network reachability learned by routing protocols EIGRP, OSPF, etc.
CSE: Networking FundamentalsLayer 3 Switching

www.cisco.com

1999, Cisco Systems, Inc.

8-6

Packet Manipulation at Layer 3


Ethernet Frame
D S S R IP Packet D S S R Data

Ethernet Frame
F C S
D S S R

IP Packet D S S R

Data

T T L

T T L

F C S

T A X C

T C

T Y B C

T C

Layer 3 switching/routing performs packet rewrite


Modify MAC addresses Decrement TTL to prevent packet looping Recompute FCS of modified frame

MAC Addresses

Layer 3 switches and routers perform the same functions to a packet being switched
CSE: Networking FundamentalsLayer 3 Switching

www.cisco.com

1999, Cisco Systems, Inc.

8-7

What Is Layer 3 Switching?


Routing Table
Destination Switch Subnet Interface 5.X 6.x 2.X 1.X 1.5.X Fast Ether 1 Gigabit Ether 3 Ethernet 2 Ethernet 0 Ethernet 6

Router Frame Header


Layer 3 Switch E0

2.1.1.1
D S S R T C

Data

E2 IP Address: 2.1.1.1

Packet Header IP Address: 1.1.1.1

Network layer (Layer 3) forwarding Forwards packets using ASICs based on network layer address Wire-speed routing for the LAN Network reachability learned by routing protocols
CSE: Networking FundamentalsLayer 3 Switching

www.cisco.com

1999, Cisco Systems, Inc.

8-8

A Layer 3 Switch Has Two Distinct Components


Packet Switching Route Processing

ASICs:
High-performance, hardware-based Layer 3 switching and services with consistent low latency

Routing software:
Routing protocols to provide scalability: Backbone redundancy Dynamic load balancing and fast convergence in the backbone Reachability information Multiprotocol support for the campus

Intelligent Network Services

CSE: Networking FundamentalsLayer 3 Switching

www.cisco.com

1999, Cisco Systems, Inc.

8-9

What Is the Difference Between Layer 3 Switching and Routing?


Layer 3 switches forward packets using ASICs Routers forward packets using CPU processing power

A Layer 3 switch is the same as a campus router

CSE: Networking FundamentalsLayer 3 Switching

www.cisco.com

1999, Cisco Systems, Inc.

8-10

A Layer 3 or a Layer 2 Switch? Scalability Advantages


Layer 2 Flat Network Layer 3 Switching/Routing
Si

Si

Si

Si

Si

Spanning tree limitations Broadcast storms Slow convergence


CSE: Networking FundamentalsLayer 3 Switching

Layer 3 at Layer 2 speeds Routing components provides redundancy www.cisco.com 1999, Cisco Advanced services Systems, Inc.

8-11

A Layer 3 or a Layer 2 Switch? Other Advantages


Enhances security Improves manageability Allows VLAN implementation without an external router

Offers increased redundancy/resiliency


Other Considerations Cost Complexity
CSE: Networking FundamentalsLayer 3 Switching

www.cisco.com

1999, Cisco Systems, Inc.

8-12

Guidelines
Use a traditional router to:
Provide better WAN aggregation

Use a Layer 3 switch to:


Scale Layer 3 performance to handle changing traffic patterns

CSE: Networking FundamentalsLayer 3 Switching

www.cisco.com

1999, Cisco Systems, Inc.

8-13

Not All Layer 3 Switches Are Created Equal


Packet Switching
(NetFlow, Express Forwarding)

Packet-by-packet switching in hardware, Layer 2 = Layer 3 = Layer 4 performance Path determination, load balancing, and summarization, multiprotocol routingKeys to scalability and stability Policy enablers, access lists, proxy services, QoS features, debugging Keys to manageability, troubleshooting, and applications availability

Route Processing
(OSPF, EIGRP, BGP4, PIM, RIP, etc.)

Intelligent Network Services


(HSRP, Access Lists, Mobility, TACACS, Debug, QoS, NTP, etc.)

CSE: Networking FundamentalsLayer 3 Switching

www.cisco.com

1999, Cisco Systems, Inc.

8-14

Summary

Layer 3 switching is ASIC-based routing


Traditional routers are better for WAN aggregation

Layer 3 switches are more appropriate for scaling Layer 3 performance


Layer 2 switches are more appropriate when the additional cost and complexity are not warranted
CSE: Networking FundamentalsLayer 3 Switching

www.cisco.com

1999, Cisco Systems, Inc.

8-15

Presentation_ID

1999, Cisco Systems, Inc.

www.cisco.com

16

You might also like