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Cons of P (Components)

1. The document discusses the conservation of momentum in two dimensions, with examples showing how to calculate momentum components before and after an elastic collision. 2. It explains the three steps to solve 2D momentum problems: find x and y momentum components, use conservation equations to set total x and y momentum equal before and after, and solve the resulting triangle. 3. An example collision between two objects is worked through to find the velocity and angle of one object after collision by applying the three steps.

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19 views

Cons of P (Components)

1. The document discusses the conservation of momentum in two dimensions, with examples showing how to calculate momentum components before and after an elastic collision. 2. It explains the three steps to solve 2D momentum problems: find x and y momentum components, use conservation equations to set total x and y momentum equal before and after, and solve the resulting triangle. 3. An example collision between two objects is worked through to find the velocity and angle of one object after collision by applying the three steps.

Uploaded by

bevinj
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CENTRE HIGH: PHYSICS 30

UNIT 1: CONSERVATION LAWS


Lesson 10:
Cons of p (Components)

2-D Conservation of Momentum (components)


- there are three basic steps:

1. Find all x- and y-components of momenta


2.

xT = xT'

3. Solve the triangle

yT = yT'

e.g. For the following collision, find v and 0.

10 kg
8.0 m/s

Rest

5.0 kg

BOOM!

60
4.0 m/s

Step 1: Find x- and y- components.


y
Before:
8.0 m/s
p1 = m1 v1 = 80 kgm/s
= 0

10 kg

x1 = 80 cos 0 = 80 kgm/s
y1 = 80 sin 0 = 0

Before:
5.0 kg
p2 = 0

Rest
2

x2 = 0
y2 = 0

After:
v
p1' = m1 v1'
= 10 v
x1' ?
y1' ?

10 kg
1

y
After:
p2' = m2 v2'
= (5.0 kg) (4.0 m/s)
= 20 kgm/s
= 300 (or -60)

300
5.0 kg

x2' = 20 cos 300 = 10 kgm/s


y2' = 20 sin 300 = -17.32 kgm/s

2
60

x
4.0 m/s

Step 2: Key Equations


y1'
80 kgm/s

BOOM!

x1'

10 kgm/s
60
xT = xT'

x1 + x2 = x1' + x2'
80 + 0 = x1' + 10
x1' = 70 kgm/s

-17.32 kgm/s

y1'
80 kgm/s

BOOM!

x1'

10 kgm/s
60
yT = yT'

y1 + y2 = y1' + y2'
0 + 0 = y1' -17.32
y1' = 17.32 kgm/s

-17.32 kgm/s

Step 3: Solve triangle


p1'
Pythag:
(p1')2 = (70)2 + (17.32)2

10 kg

x1 '

p1' = 72.1 kgm/s

70 kgm/s

p1' = m1 v1'
v = p1 '
m1

= 72.1 kgm/s
10 kg

7.2 m/s

y1 '
17.32 kgm/s

p1'
Soh Cah Toa:
tan = 17.32

10 kg

70

70 kgm/s

= tan -1 (0.247)
=

14 N of E

x1 '

(14 rcs)

y1 '
17.32 kgm/s

Ex. 1

4.0 kg
8.0 m/s
20

5.5 m/s
STICK!

6.0 kg

a) Show conservation of momentum, using tail-to-tip.


b) Find v and using components.

a)

pT = pT'
p1 + p2 = p'

Add tail-to-tip

Resultant

p'
p1

p2
20

b) Step 1: Find components


Before:
p1 = m1 v1
= (4.0 kg) (8.0 m/s)
= 32.0 kgm/s

4.0 kg
340
20
8.0 m/s
20

0 = 340 (or -20)


x1 = 32 cos 340 = 30.07 kgm/s
y1 = 32 sin 340 = -10.945 kgm/s

Before:

v
p2 = m2 v2
= 6.0 v
x2 ?
y2 ?

6.0 kg

After:

10 kg

p' = mv'
= (10 kg) (5.5 m/s)
= 55 kgm/s
= 0 deg

5.5 m/s

x' = 55 cos 0 = 55 kgm/s

y' = 55 sin 0 = 0

Step 2: Key equations


-10.945 kgm/s
30.07 kgm/s

55 kgm/s

x2
xT = xT'
y2

x1 + x2 = x'
30.07 + x2 = 55

x2 = 24.93 kgm/s

-10.945 kgm/s
30.07 kgm/s

55 kgm/s

x2
yT = yT'
y2

y1 + y2 = y'
-10.945 + y2 = 0

y2 = 10.945 kgm/s

Step 3: Solve triangle


x2' = 24.93 kgm/s

Pythag:
(p2')2 = (24.93)2 + (10.945)2
p2' = 27.22 kgm/s

y2'

p2'

10.945 kgm/s
6.0 kg

p2' = m2 v2'
v2' = p2' = 27.22 kgm/s
m2
6.0 kg

4.5 m/s

x2' = 24.93 kgm/s

Soh Cah Toa:


tan = 10.945
24.93
= tan -1 (0.439)
= 24

y2'
10.945 kgm/s

p2'

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