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Basic Elements of Automated Systems

There are three basic elements of an automated system: a power source, a programmable command, and a control system. The power source provides electricity to drive the automated process and power the automation components. A programmable command is a set of instructions that specifies the sequence and details of each step in the work cycle. The control system executes the program of instructions and uses feedback mechanisms to regulate the process and ensure it carries out the intended manufacturing operation.

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Ahmed Bhatti
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5K views12 pages

Basic Elements of Automated Systems

There are three basic elements of an automated system: a power source, a programmable command, and a control system. The power source provides electricity to drive the automated process and power the automation components. A programmable command is a set of instructions that specifies the sequence and details of each step in the work cycle. The control system executes the program of instructions and uses feedback mechanisms to regulate the process and ensure it carries out the intended manufacturing operation.

Uploaded by

Ahmed Bhatti
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Basic Elements of Automated Systems

Automated system:
Automation is the technology by which a

process or procedure is accomplished without human assistance


In simple words, the replacement of human operations by using computers

Basic elements:
There are three basic elements of Automated system: Power source Programmable command Control systems

Power

Program of instructions

Control system

Process

Power source:
An automated system is used to operate

some process and power is required to drive the process as well as controls
There are many sources of power available,

but the most commonly used power is electricity

ElectricityThe Principal Power Source:


Widely available at moderate cost
Can be readily converted to alternative forms, e.g., mechanical, thermal, light, etc.

Low level power can be used for signal transmission, data processing, and communication
Can be stored in long-life batteries

Power to Accomplish the Automated Process:


Power for the process:
To drive the process itself
To load and unload the work unit Transport between operations

Power for automation:


Controller unit Power to actuate the control signals

Data acquisition and information processing

Programmable command:
Set of commands that specify the sequence of steps in the work cycle and the details of each step Example: CNC part program During each step, there are one or more activities involving changes in one or more process parameters

Examples:
Temperature setting of a furnace Axis position in a positioning system Motor on or off

Control systems:
The control element of the automated

system executes the program of instructions


The control system causes the process

to accomplish its defined function; which for our purpose is to carry out some manufacturing operation

Closed-loop control system: A system in which the output variable is compared with an input parameter, and any difference between the two is used to drive the output into agreement with the input Open-loop control system: operates without the feedback loop Simpler and less expensive Risk that the actuator will not have the intended effect

Controller

Actuator

Process

Feedback sensor

Controller

Actuator

Process

Thank you

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