Tufan TILI Level: Int.

Subjects: Reported Speech

Reported Speech

Reported(Indirect) Speech

When we tell what someone said, we use direct or indirect speech. Direct speech is exact words someone said. We use quotation marks in direct speech. Im very tired. Mary said.

Reported Speech is the meaning of a persons words. We report the same thing but not with the same words. We change tense, pronouns, places, etc.

We can use or omit that after the introductory word.

Im very tired. Mary said. Mary said (that) she was very tired.

Present Simple Mary: I hate staying at cheap hotels. Present continuous We are running out of gas. Past Simple Jane: I visited NYC before. Past Cont. Jake: I was looking for my glasses. Present Perfect Simple Professor: Some students have already finished their thesis. Present Perfect Cont. We have been waiting for ages. Going to Joshua: I am going to call you back. Modals (can, will, must) Sue: I can stay here. Jack: I must hurry!

Past Simple She said (that) she hated staying at cheap hotels. Past Continuous They said they were running out of gas. Past Perfect She said she had visited NYC before. Past Perfect Cont. Jake said that he had been looking for his glasses. Past Perfect The professor said some students had already finished their thesis. Past Perfect Cont. They said that they had been waiting for ages. Was/were going to Joshua said (that) he was going to call me back. could, would, had to Sue said she could stay there. Jack said he had to hurry.

Other changes
Mary : My sister is sleeping now. Mary said her sister was sleeping then.

David: You can leave your shoes here. David said we could leave our shoes there.

today me my mine you your yours we us our ours he/she him/her his/her his/hers /we my/your mine/ours they them their theirs tonight tomorrow next (week/month/etc.)

that day that night the next day / the following day the next/following week

ago
yesterday last (week/year/etc.) now here this place

before
the day before / the previous day the last week / the previous week then there that place

Reported Questions
Closed Qs: Linda: Do you like golf? Linda asked me if I liked golf.

Or wanted to know

Open Qs: Bill: Where have you been? Bill asked me where I had been.

+ sentence

Or whether

Reporting Orders, Requests, Advice

Reporting Orders

Tell / order

infinitive

My mother: Clean up your room. My moher told me to clean up my room.

The captain: Everybody, attack! The captain ordered everybody to attack.

Reporting Requests

ask /beg

infinitive

Cindy: Will you help me with the dishes? Cindy asked me to help her with the dishes. The man: Please save me! The man begged the superman to save him.

Reporting Advice

advise, tell, warn

The doctor: You should exercise more. The doctor advised me to exercise more.

Jim: You had better be quiet. Jim told us to be quiet.

The police: Be careful on th road. The police warned us to be careful on the

Do not sit down until I say so! The officer ordered us not to sit down until he said so.

Reporting negative orders, advice, requests

Please do not hurt us! The man begged the killer not to hurt them.

Do not swim beyond the rocks. The coast guard warned us not to swim beyond the rocks.

Say - Tell

We often use say or tell in Reported Speech. We use say without to, when there is no other person to speak. Jerry said, I need some money. Jerry said (that) he needed some money. If there is another person who we are talking to: Jerry said to me, I need some money. Jerry said to me he needed some money.

Tell

We use tell, before a persons name or pronoun (me, him) without to:

Jerry told me, I need some money. Jerry told me he needed some money.

Reporting Verb Patterns

There are different verb patterns for reporting: 1. verb + that clause II. verb + inf w to III. verb + -ing

1. verb + that clause

add admit announce claim complain insist verb + that no obj reply respond say state clause suggest obj smbd I like veggie food and I also liketell Thai food. warn smbd
He said he liked veggie food and he added that he also liked Thai food.

I am the killer. He admitted that he was the killer.

We are getting married! They announced that they were getting married. I am the real father of this boy! He claimed that he was the real father of that boy.

1. verb + that clause

It is too hot in here! She complained that it was too hot in there.

No way! I will pay for this meal! He insisted that he would pay for that meal.

We should meet up sometime! He suggested that they should meet up some time.

+ object: He warned us not to go too far.

II. verb + inf w to

no obj

agree offer - refuse advise sb ask sb beg sb encourage sb invite sb order sb persuade sb remind sb tell sb warn sb

verb + inf w to-

obj

Come on boys! You can win this match! The manager encouraged the boys (that) they could win that match. The manager encouraged the boys to win that match. Trust me, the red one is better. My friend persuaded me that the red one was better. My friend persuaded me to buy the red one.

I will help you. He offered to help us. (no obj) I am not going to join yout team. She refused to join out team.

III. verb + -ing

no prep

verb + -ing

+ prep

admit advise consider regret - suggest admit to apologise for complain about insist on thanks sb for

They admitted (to) robbing the bank. He advised rethinking our offer.

He apologized for being late. They thanked us for helping them. He insisted on finishing the match.