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Common Emergency Drugs

This document lists various emergency drugs used to treat conditions such as asthma, hypertension, bleeding disorders, pain, and poisoning. It includes information on drug classifications, indications, and potential side effects. The drugs can be administered orally, intravenously, or intramuscularly. The document also outlines various intravenous fluids used to treat electrolyte and fluid imbalances as well as plasma expanders given for shock. It concludes by listing several common poisons and their corresponding antidotes.

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384 views

Common Emergency Drugs

This document lists various emergency drugs used to treat conditions such as asthma, hypertension, bleeding disorders, pain, and poisoning. It includes information on drug classifications, indications, and potential side effects. The drugs can be administered orally, intravenously, or intramuscularly. The document also outlines various intravenous fluids used to treat electrolyte and fluid imbalances as well as plasma expanders given for shock. It concludes by listing several common poisons and their corresponding antidotes.

Uploaded by

hady920
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Emergency Drugs

Aminophylline
-Anti Asthma, COPD. Emplysema, bronchitis, bronchiectasis, bronchodilators; xanthine derivative (classification)

Apresoline (Hydralazine)
Anti hypertensive drug; direct vasodilator (classification); for preeclampsia

Phytomenadione (Aquamephyton)
Vitamin K, to stop bleeding, for clot formation.

Atropine Sulfate
Antispasmodic, for severe gastric pain; anticholinergic; for insecticide or mushroom poisoning

Diphenhydramine hydrochloride (Benadryl)


Anti histamine; can also be used as anti emetic

Esmolol hydrochloride (brevibloc)


Anti hypertensive, anti tachycardiac; blocker; SE: Bradycardia

Terbutaline sulfate (Bricanyl)


Anti asthma, for COPD; bronchodilatorsympathominetic; adrenergic

Hyoscine-N-Butyl bromide (buscopan)


Very common anti spasmodic; anti cholinergic; scopolamine

Nifedipine (calcibloc)
Anti hypertensive; calcium channel blocker; SE: headache; may be SL or oral

Clonidine hydrochloride (catapres)


Anti hypertensive, SLQ (highly vascular) Central acting 2 Agonist

Nicardepine (Cardepine)
Anti hypertensive, cardiac drugs: calcium channel blocker

Adenosine (cardiovert)
Anti tachycardiac drug, cardiac drugs: for paroxysnal supraventricular tachycardia

Amiodarone (HCL) (Cardorone)


Anti Arrythmic; for supraventricular tachyarrythmics; atrial fibrulation

Dexamethasone (Decadron)
Gluco corticosteroid, anti inflammatory, anti allergy

Meperidine (Demerol)
Narcotic analgesic, for chest pain, for OR Pre op Meds; opiate agonist; SE: sedation

Distilled H2o
Use as diluents

Dobutamine Hydrochloride (Dobutrex)


A cardiac drug, (+) inotropic agent

Dopamine Hydrochloride (Docard)


A cardiac drug, for shock

Midazolam (Dormicum)
Sedative, hypnotics, restlessness, anti insomniac, pre op meds; benzodiazepine

D 50/50
Dextrose, 50 H2o/50 glucose. For hypoglycemia. By BCG or HGT

Anti allergy Epinephrine


A cardiac drug, bronchodilator, -> dilates alveoli; sympathomimetic or agonist

Piroxicam (Feldene Flash)


NSAID, anti arrythmic drug. COX1 : COX2 inhibitor; SE: bleeding; ulceration

Tranexamic acid (Hemostan)


Anti hemorrhagic, to stop bleeding, common in dental clinic

Verapamil (isoptin)
A cardiac drug, anti hypertensive; calcium channel blocker

Isosorbide dinitrate (isordil)


Main stay drug for 1st heart attack, w/ nitro glycerine, anti angina, coronary vasodilators; NITRATES

KY jelly
Lubricant

Digoxin (Lanoxin)
(+) inotropic med, a cardiac glycoside, diuretic w/ congestive heart failure

Furosemide (Lasix)
A diuretic, w/ congestive heart failure, lower circulatory heart volume (500L) normal. Loop diuretic

Magnesium SO4
Prophylactic meds, anti seizure, anti convulsant, given to hypomagnesimea, given to pregnant w/ PIH to prevent Seizure SE: respiratory depression and loss of DTR

Morphine SO4
Most powerful narcotic, moderate severe pain, opiate agonist, the main stay drug for MI Infarc. SE: sedation; hypotension: Nausea/vomiting; bradycardia; constipation

Paracetamol (Alaprex, Aeknil)


Anti pyretic. Dose: 10-20 mg/kg/dose

Pyrecitam (Nootrophil)
Neurotonic, CVA activate neuro (brain)

Naloxone hydrochloride (Narcan)


Antidote for opiate overdose, Narcotic antagonist, reverse action opiates; other antidotes: NALMEFENE ; NALTREXONE

Nalbuphine hydrochloride (Nubain)


Analgesic, post op med (pain) ; opiate partial agonist

Phenergan
Anti emetic, pre op med, anti histamine Promethazine- generic name Combination with DEMEROL

Metochlopramide (plasil, reglan)


Most common anti emetic, anti vertigo. Antagonist of dopamine and serotonin SE: EXTRAPYRAMIDAL SYMPTOMS

Potassium Chloride
Essential mineral to our body, needed in our muscle (cardiac muscle), given w/ hypokalemia, to treat hypernatremia, one of the fluids given to lethal metabolic acidosis.

Sodium Bicarb
w/ severe diarrhea, antacids are buffers control acids.

Diazepam (valium), benzodiazepine


Anti anxiety, a muscle relaxant; for seizure

Lidocane (xylocaine)
Anti arrythmic drug, a cardiac drug, anesthesia used in catheterization.

Metoprolol (Neobloc)
blocker

Other Emergency drugs


Ranitidine (zantac) H2 blocker Maalox antacid Diclofenac (Voltaren) NSAID Methyl ergonovine maleate (Methergine) to promote contraction of uterus; to prevent bleeding SE: hypertension Oxytocin () to promote contraction of the uterus - to prevent atony SE: Hypotension

Methydopa (Aldomet) central acting 2 agonist, for preeclampsia MANNITOL osmotic Diuretic - for brain decompression Terbutaline (Bricanyl)- sympathomimetic, Beta agonist bronchodilator, for asthma Salbutamol (ventolin)- same as Terbutaline SE: tachycardia Budesonide (Budecort)- Steroid bronchodilator

Emergency IV:
1. 2. 3. 4. D5LR for hypokalemia, hyponatremia (electrolyte imbalance) D5NSS for hyponatremia D5IMB increase potassium concentration (for hypokalemia) D5NM has more potassium increase (for hypokalemia) COLLOIDS DEXTRAN, PLASMANATE, HETASTARCH PLASMA EXPANDER for early shock

5.

Drug/chemical
Acetaminophen (Tylenol) Warfarin/Aspirin Heparin MgSO4 KEROSENE/Petroleum products Lead Mercury Insecticide/Pesticide Insecticide/Mushroom Insulin

Antidotes
Acetylcysteine (mucomyst) Vitamin K Protomine sulfate Calcium gluconate Activated Charcoal EDTA/Edetate Dimercaprol Pyridostigmine Atropine Glucagon

EMERGENCY IVF
D5LR- for hypokalemia, hyponatremia, hypovolemia (electrolyte and fluid imbalance) D5NSS- same as D5LR, PNSS- best for diabetics, main line for Blood Transfusion, and during CPR D5IMB and D5NM- more K concentration

PLASMA EXPANDER
DEXTRAN, PLASMANATE, HETASTARCH Used for early SHOCK

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