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Micro For Nursing Lecture - Chapter 3

This document discusses the microscopic morphology of bacterial cells. It describes three main cell shapes - cocci, bacilli, and spirals. Cocci are spherical and can appear in clusters, chains, pairs, groups of four, or cubical packets. Bacilli are rod-shaped and can be found in chains, pairs, or as short, thick rods. Spirals twist in helical shapes and include spirillum and spirochete forms. The size of bacterial cells is also specified, generally ranging from 0.2-20 micrometers for bacilli. Specific pathogenic bacteria are provided as examples for each morphological category.

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Degee O. Gonzales
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675 views

Micro For Nursing Lecture - Chapter 3

This document discusses the microscopic morphology of bacterial cells. It describes three main cell shapes - cocci, bacilli, and spirals. Cocci are spherical and can appear in clusters, chains, pairs, groups of four, or cubical packets. Bacilli are rod-shaped and can be found in chains, pairs, or as short, thick rods. Spirals twist in helical shapes and include spirillum and spirochete forms. The size of bacterial cells is also specified, generally ranging from 0.2-20 micrometers for bacilli. Specific pathogenic bacteria are provided as examples for each morphological category.

Uploaded by

Degee O. Gonzales
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CHAPTER 3:

Bacterial Cell
DEGEE O. GONZALES, R.M.T.
College of Medical Technology

Two Basic Cell Types:


EUKARYOTES PROKARYOTES BOTH are PROTISTS

Neither plants nor animals undifferentiated unicellular organisms do not form the specialized tissues and organ systems of higher plants and animals

Basic Cell Type: EUKARYOTES


HIGHER Protists

includes ALGAE (Red, Green, Brown), FUNGI, PROTOZOA, SLIME MOLDS

Characteristics:

contain membrane enclosed organelles that have specific cellular functions have a cytoskeleton which provides support for the different organelles contain complex phospholipids, sphingolipids, histones, sterols have multiple chromosomes & nucleosomes multiply by mitosis

The EUKARYOTIC CELL:

Basic Cell Type: PROKARYOTES


LOWER Protists

includes BACTERIA, CYANOBACTERIA (Blue-green Algae), & ARCHAEBACTERIA

(Methanogens, Extreme halophiles, Thermoacidophiles)

Characteristics:

have no organelles, histones and only in rare cases contains complex phospholipids, sphingolipids, and sterols have a cell wall composed of peptidoglycan with muramic acid (pure to bacterial cells) are haploid with a single chromosome

divides by Binary Fission

The PROKARYOTIC CELL:

Microscopic Morphology:
Refers to the SIZE, SHAPE, and

GENERAL ARRANGEMENT of bacteria microscopically

Microscopic Morphology:

SHAPE and ARRANGEMENT


3 Morphological Categories:

COCCI (Spherical Cells) BACILLI (Rod-shaped Cells) SPIRAL (Bacillary Forms twisted in the form of a helix)

Pleomorphic bacteria that change their shapes

Microscopic Morphology: Cocci

Staphylococci

Cocci in grape-like clusters Staphylococcus areus

Microscopic Morphology: Cocci

Streptococci

Cocci in chains Streptococcus pyogenes

Microscopic Morphology: Cocci

Diplococci

Cocci in pairs Streptococcus pneumoniae

Microscopic Morphology: Cocci

Diplococci

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

Microscopic Morphology: Cocci

Tetrads

Cocci in groups of four Gaffkya tetragena

Microscopic Morphology: Cocci

Sarcina

Cocci in cubital packets of 8 4 cells in front theoretically and the other 4 are behind which appears like shadows Sarcina lutea

Microscopic Morphology: Bacilli

Streptobacilli

Bacilli in chains Bacillus subtillis

Microscopic Morphology: Bacilli

Diplobacilli bacilli in pairs

Snapping diplobacilli - bacilli that bend at the point of division to give 2 organisms arranged in the form of a V Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Microscopic Morphology: Bacilli

Slipping diplobacilli - bacilli that divide and tend to arrange themselves side by side Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Microscopic Morphology: Bacilli

Coccobacilli

Short, thick, oval-shaped rods Escherichia coli

Microscopic Morphology: Bacilli

Vibrio

Comma-shaped rods Vibrio cholerae

Microscopic Morphology: Spirals

Spirillum

A spiral whose long axis remains rigid when in motion Campylobacter jejuni

Microscopic Morphology: Spirals

Spirochete

A spiral whose long axis bends when in motion Borrelia species

Microscopic Morphology: Spirals

Spirochete

Treponema pallidum

Microscopic Morphology: SIZE


Expressed in micrometer (m) 1m is equals to 1/1000 of a mm or 1/25000 of an inch Cocci measure 0.42.0m Bacilli measure 0.24.0m in width by 0.5 20.0m in length Spirals measure 1.0 14.0 m in length

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