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Platy

The document summarizes the phylum Platyhelminthes, which includes flatworms. It describes their key characteristics, including being bilaterally symmetrical, acoelomate animals with an outer layer of epidermis and muscles. It outlines their four classes - Turbellaria, Monogenea, Trematoda, and Cestoda - and provides examples for each. Systems of the body are summarized for each class, including digestive, excretory, nervous, and reproductive systems. Parasitic life cycles of important trematodes and cestodes are highlighted.

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Budi Afriyansyah
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32 views19 pages

Platy

The document summarizes the phylum Platyhelminthes, which includes flatworms. It describes their key characteristics, including being bilaterally symmetrical, acoelomate animals with an outer layer of epidermis and muscles. It outlines their four classes - Turbellaria, Monogenea, Trematoda, and Cestoda - and provides examples for each. Systems of the body are summarized for each class, including digestive, excretory, nervous, and reproductive systems. Parasitic life cycles of important trematodes and cestodes are highlighted.

Uploaded by

Budi Afriyansyah
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Platyhelminthes

Contents
Position in animal kingdom Taxonomy Some unique characteristics Systems 1 (Integumentary, Skeletal, Muscle and Digestive) Systems 2 (Excretory, Respiratory, Circulatory, and Nervous). Systems 3 (endocrine and Reproductive) Class Turbellaria Class Trematoda Class Cestoda

Platyhelminthes
Eumetazoa - animals with tissue
Bilateria - have bilateral symmetry and are triploblastic.
Protostomia - a group of animals whose mouth develops from the blastopore, and the mesoderm forms from an area near the blastopore. Acoelomata - They have a true mesoderm which fills
the original blastocoel between the outer epidermis and digestive tract.

Contents

Taxonomy
Class Turbellaria (tur-bell-er-e-a)
Dugesia

Class Monogenea (mon-o-gin-e-a)


No representatives

Class Trematoda (trim-a-toe-da)


Clonorchis, Fasciola, Schistosoma

Class Cestoda (ces-toe-da)


Taenia, Dipylidium Echinococcus

Contents

Some Unique Characteristics


Proglotids and scolex in Cestoda Rabdites in Turbellaria Combination of characteristics- flame cells and being acoelomates for example. Larva of each class are unique

Systems 1
Integumentary- Rhabdites and one cell layer
epidermis in Turbellaria and usually ciliated; syncytial tegument in other classes.

Skeletal - hydrostatic Muscle - longitudinal, transverse, and circular


muscles are present.

Digestive - incomplete with intracellular and


extracellular digestion; no system in Cestoda.

Contents

Systems 2
Excretory - flame cells, or excretory tubes in
Cestoda.

Respiratory - no system, diffusion Circulatory - none, diffusion. Nervous - anterior ganglia, ventral ladder-like
system (two lateral cords with transverse cords).

Contents

Systems 3
Endocrine - hormones produced by
nervous system

Reproductive - monoecious in most


Well developed reproductive organs, mostly internal fertilization. Two of the parasitic classes have complex life cycles
Trematoda - miracidium, sporocyst, redia, cercaria, metacercaria (usually snail is secondary host. Cestoda - oncosphere, cystercercius (bladderworm)

Contents

Class Turbellaria
Planaria -Free-living flatworms with soft flattened bodies covered with ciliated epidermis which has special secreting cells called rabdites.

Dugesia

Contents

Class Trematoda
Flukes -oral and ventral suckers, no hooks, parasites, body with a syncytial tegument without cilia. Larva stages unique. Clonorchis Fasciola Schistosoma

Contents

Clonorchis
Human liver fluke - has two intermediate or secondary host snail and fish.
Human liver fluke

Cerceria

Contents

Fasciola
Sheep liver fluke - metacercaria on grass.
Life cycle

Fasciola life cycle

Contents

Contents

Schistosoma
Blood Flukes
Cerceria usually infect by burrowing through skin.

Contents

Class Cestoda
Tapeworms Have distinct head structure (Scolex) and reproductive units called proglottids. Do not have a digestive system. Larva are oncospheres and cysticerci (bladder worms) Taenia Dipylidium Echinococcus

Contents

Taenia

Proglotid

Contents

Dipylidium (dog tape)


Juveniles in flea and louse Note the two gential pores and reproductive systems in each proglottid.
Proglottid

Contents

Echinococcus
Hydatid cyst (cysticercus)- may scolices and enlarges to as large as a basketball. Often called sand. Only three proglottids

End of Presentation

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