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Drug Dosage Forms: DR - Abdul Latif Mahesar

This document discusses various drug dosage forms including tablets, capsules, powders, syrups, suspensions, emulsions, ointments, creams, suppositories, aerosols, and injections. It provides details on what each dosage form is, how it is administered, and examples. The main dosage forms covered are tablets, capsules, solutions, suspensions, emulsions, ointments, and suppositories. Enteric coated tablets, sustained release tablets, and effervescent powders are also described.

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390 views

Drug Dosage Forms: DR - Abdul Latif Mahesar

This document discusses various drug dosage forms including tablets, capsules, powders, syrups, suspensions, emulsions, ointments, creams, suppositories, aerosols, and injections. It provides details on what each dosage form is, how it is administered, and examples. The main dosage forms covered are tablets, capsules, solutions, suspensions, emulsions, ointments, and suppositories. Enteric coated tablets, sustained release tablets, and effervescent powders are also described.

Uploaded by

Nima Ksr
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DRUG DOSAGE FORMS

Dr.Abdul Latif Mahesar

DRUG DOSAGE FORMS (DRUG PREPARATIONS)

- Tablets , Capsules, Powder - Syrups, suspensions , Elixer - Aqueous suspension, Emulsion - Ointment , Lotion, cream - Suppository, pessary - Aerosols - Injections

DRUG DOSAGE FORMS cotd

Tablet:
Powdered drug(s) compressed into a disc

Soluble small hollow container, usually made of ------- gelatin /glycerin used to enclose drug in powder, granule or liquid form. May be used to conceal a ----- bitter taste

Capsule:

DRUG DOSAGE FORMS contd Tablets & Capsule: Enteric coated tablet / Capsules: coated with a substance that will not dissolve until it reaches the small intestine for drugs that are irritating to stomach or to avoid any other adverse effects in stomach e.g. Ibuprofen

DRUG DOSAGE FORMS Tablets & Capsule: Sustained-release tablet / Capsule: for continuous release of small doses of the drug over an extended time period to duration of action dosing frequency compliance

DRUG DOSAGE FORMS (DRUG PREPARATIONS) Powder: very fine particles of drug(s) for internal or external use

Effervescent powder / tablet: Drug mixed with sodium bicarbonate or citric acid. When mixed with liquid, release carbon dioxide, causing effervescence (BUBBLING)

DRUG DOSAGE FORMS (DRUG PREPARATIONS) Aqueous solutions: Drug(s) DISSOLVE in ----WATER or NORMAL SALINE Alcoholic solutions: Drug(s) DISSOLVE in ALCOHOL

DRUG DOSAGE FORMS Aqueous solutions: e.g. Enemas ----- administered rectally -for --- local -- or--systemic effect Gargles Mouth washes Nasal solutions Otic solutions

DRUG DOSAGE FORMS (DRUG PREPARATIONS) Aqueous solutions: Syrup: aqueous solution saturated with SUGAR usually contain a flavoring agent that assists in disguising the taste of the drug mixed in syrup

DRUG DOSAGE FORMS Alcoholic solutions: Spirit or essence: Volatile drug dissolved in alcohol. Elixir: Spirit that has been sweetened and/or flavored. Tincture: Solution made by extracting from the CRUDE (plant or vegetable) source those constituents of a drug that are soluble in alcohol.

DRUG DOSAGE FORMS Aqueous suspension: Finely divided SOLID PARTICLES (POWDERS) of a drug suspended in a FLUID. They are NOT DISSOLVED in the fluid.

DRUG DOSAGE FORMS (DRUG PREPARATIONS) Emulsion: A preparation of one LIQUID distributed in small globules throughout the body of a second LIQUID The dispersed liquid is the discontinuous phase, & the dispersion medium is the continuous phase.

DRUG DOSAGE FORMS (DRUG PREPARATIONS) Emulsion:

Oil-in-water emulsion Oil --- is the --- dispersed liquid & aqueous solution -- is the -continuous phase. Water -in-oil emulsion Aqueous solution -- is the dispersed phase & oil --- is the ---- continuous phase.

Ointment Drug or mixture of drugs added to a semisolid base, such as petroleum jelly or lanolin. Some ointments contain a water soluble base. For local effects skin eye - systemic effect transdermal application (e.g., nitroglycerine)

DRUG DOSAGE FORMS Lotion: Liquid medicinal suspension applied externally. Various lotions are designed for protection, lubrication, cleansing, cooling, or antipruritic effects. Cream: emulsions that contain an aqueous base

DRUG DOSAGE FORMS Suppository: Drug mixed with a fatty base and molded into shapes suitable for insertion into the rectum, vagina, or urethra. A urethral suppository is called a ---bougie. A vaginal suppository is called a ----pessary.

DRUG DOSAGE FORMS Aerosols: Aerosols are particles dispersed in a gas, the particles being small enough to remain in suspension for a long time instead of sedimenting rapidly under the influence of gravity; the particles may be liquid (fog) or solid (smoke)

COMPOSITION OF TABLET Active ingredient + other substances


Diluent: Binder: Lubricant: Disintegrator: Coloring agent: Flavoring agent:

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