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Computer Supported Cooperative Work: Saul Greenberg Professor

1) In the near future, computers will be ubiquitous and interconnected, allowing people to communicate and work together through groupware. 2) Groupware aims to support collaboration through technologies that enable interactions in real time from both the same and different locations, as well as at the same and different times. This includes videoconferencing, shared workspaces, and tools to maintain awareness of colleagues' availability. 3) Key challenges in groupware design involve giving participants a sense of shared presence across locations, allowing interaction over shared work artifacts, and facilitating casual contact and awareness of others' activities.

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Blanca Sheila
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28 views

Computer Supported Cooperative Work: Saul Greenberg Professor

1) In the near future, computers will be ubiquitous and interconnected, allowing people to communicate and work together through groupware. 2) Groupware aims to support collaboration through technologies that enable interactions in real time from both the same and different locations, as well as at the same and different times. This includes videoconferencing, shared workspaces, and tools to maintain awareness of colleagues' availability. 3) Key challenges in groupware design involve giving participants a sense of shared presence across locations, allowing interaction over shared work artifacts, and facilitating casual contact and awareness of others' activities.

Uploaded by

Blanca Sheila
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Computer Supported Cooperative Work

Saul Greenberg Professor


Department of Computer Science University of Calgary
Saul Greenberg

Motivation

I work with by myself people

In the Near Future


Computers will be ubiquitous Computers will be inter-connected

Result through their computers, people will be able to


- communicate - work together

Let those who wish to communicate any matter of pressing importance to each other by fire-signals prepare two earthenware pots of exactly equal size both as to diameter and depth. Let the depth be 3 cubits, the diameter one

Definitions / Research Goals


Groupware
- software that supports group work - investigate algorithms & architectures fundamental to multi-user systems

feedback

Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW)


- knowledge about the context of groupware design - investigate individual/group/organizational requirements for multiuser systems

Perspectives
Why pursue collaboration through computers? consider massive change to society of:
printing press telephone facsimiles electronic mail world wide web

The Groupware Paradigm & Technologies


same time
face to face interactions

different times
continuous task
team rooms group displays shift work groupware project management

same place

public computer screens decision rooms brainstorming tools

remote interactions

communication+coordination email bulletin boards asynchronous conferencing schedulers version control...

different places

video conferencing walls & hallways desktop conferencing shared views shared drawing/editors...

Anytime, any place groupware


same time different times

same place

different places

Focus: Real Time Distributed Meetings


One or more participants are in different locations Telepresence
- can we give participants a sense they are in the same room?

Teledata
- how can participants interact over their work artifacts?

Casual Interaction
- how can participants get in touch with each other?

Mmmm mmm mmmm mm mmm mmmmm m mmm. Mm mmmm mm. Mmmmm mmm.

Telepresence
Giving participants a sense they are in the same room

1. Video Conferencing Rooms dedicated meeting rooms joined by audio & video heavy weight to use talking heads

Telepresence
Giving participants a sense they are in the same room 2. Media spaces digitally switched ubiquitous audio and video on personal computers

Telepresence
Giving participants a sense they are in the same room Videos: Digitally switched video technology
- Pandora (Olivetti)

Eye contact, gestures and body language


- Talking heads (MIT) - Magik (Keio University) - GestureCam (University of Tsukuba)

Telepresence Issues
Size and Quality what is the image fidelity? Scalability how do I show several people? Camera positioning, focusing am I centered in the view of the camera? Eye contact is the other person looking at me? Body language can I see subtle body motions? Gaze awareness can I tell where the other person is looking?

Gestures tied to artifacts can I gesture around objects


Reciprocity if I can see them, can they see me?

Teledata
Letting participants interact over their work artifacts

Shared visual workspaces views of computer artifacts are shared in real time

GroupSketch (Calgary)
Identical views, gestures, simultaneous activity

Supporting awareness when views are not identical

Supporting Awareness (Calgary)

Supporting both telepresence and teledata (NTT)

Casual Interaction and Awareness

Questions who is around? are they available now? can they be interrupted? how can I initiate contact?

The problem
Groupware can only work after people make contact with each other

Current approaches
Glancing into offices via Montage (Sun Microsystems) What I see

Current Approaches
Video walls (Bellcore)

Current approaches

Periodic Snapshots

Marks office (3:05pm)

Marys office (3:01pm)

Deens office (now)

Current Approaches
Iconic indicators (Calgary)

Current Approaches
Iconic indicators

Current Approaches
Active badges (Olivetti)

Current Approaches
Digital but physical surrogates (Calgary and Tsukuba)

The Message
In the near future people will regularly communicate and work together through computers through groupware Groupware design requires technical know-how deep knowledge of the human + social factors behind communication - telepresence - teledata - awareness and casual interaction

Team Rooms

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