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3.2 Introduction To Ob

Organizational behavior is a field of study that examines how individuals, groups, and organizational structure influence behavior within organizations. It draws from various behavioral sciences like psychology, social psychology, sociology, and anthropology. The goal is to apply knowledge to improve organizational effectiveness. Some key dependent variables studied include productivity, absenteeism, turnover, and job satisfaction. Independent variables can exist at the individual level, group level, or organizational system level and influence dependent variables.

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71 views

3.2 Introduction To Ob

Organizational behavior is a field of study that examines how individuals, groups, and organizational structure influence behavior within organizations. It draws from various behavioral sciences like psychology, social psychology, sociology, and anthropology. The goal is to apply knowledge to improve organizational effectiveness. Some key dependent variables studied include productivity, absenteeism, turnover, and job satisfaction. Independent variables can exist at the individual level, group level, or organizational system level and influence dependent variables.

Uploaded by

Sagar Shaw
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Organizational Behavior

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Organizational Behavior
A field of study that investigates the impact that individuals, groups, and structure have on behavior within organizations, for the purpose of applying such knowledge toward improving an organizations effectiveness.

Organisational behaviour is the field of study that seeks knowledge of behaviour in organisational settings by systematically studying individual , group, and organisational processes.

Disciplines Contributing to Organizational Behavior


Many behavioral sciences have contributed to the development of Organizational Behavior

Psychol ogy

Social Psych ology

Sociol ogy

Anthr opolo gy

Psychology
The science that seeks to measure, explain, and sometimes change the behavior of humans and other animals. Unit of Analysis:
Individual

Contributions to OB:
Learning, motivation, personality, emotions, perception Training, leadership effectiveness, job satisfaction Individual decision making, performance appraisal attitude measurement Employee selection, work design, and work stress

Social Psychology
An area within psychology that blends concepts from psychology and sociology and that focuses on the influence of people on one another. Unit of Analysis:
Group

Contributions to OB:
Behavioral change Attitude change Communication Group processes Group decision making

Sociology
The study of people in relation to their fellow human beings. Unit of Analysis:
-- Organizational System -- Group Formal organization theory Organizational technology Organizational change Organizational culture

Contributions to OB:
Group dynamics Work teams Communication Power Conflict Intergroup behavior

Anthropology
The study of societies to learn about human beings and their activities. Unit of Analysis:
-- Organizational System -- Group Comparative values Comparative attitudes Cross-cultural analysis

Contributions to OB:
Organizational culture Organizational environment

Absolutes in OB
Situational factors that make the main relationship between two variables changee.g., the relationship may hold for one condition but not another.
Contingency Variable (Z)
In American Culture In Iranian or Australian Cultures

Independent Variable (X)

Dependent Variable (Y)

Boss Gives Thumbs Up Sign

Understood as Complimenting

Boss Gives Thumbs Up Sign

Understood as Insulting - Up Yours!

OB Model

Types of Study Variables


Independent (X)
The presumed cause of the change in the dependent variable (Y). This is the variable that OB researchers manipulate to observe the changes in Y.

Dependent (Y)
This is the response to X (the independent variable). It is what the OB researchers want to predict or explain. The interesting variable!

Predictive Ability

Interesting OB Dependent Variables


Productivity
Transforming inputs to outputs at lowest cost. Includes the concepts of effectiveness (achievement of goals) and efficiency (meeting goals at a low cost).

Absenteeism
Failure to report to work a huge cost to employers.

Turnover
Voluntary and involuntary permanent withdrawal from an organization.

Deviant Workplace Behavior


Voluntary behavior that violates significant organizational norms and thereby threatens the well-being of the organization and/or any of its members.

More Interesting OB Dependent Variables


Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB)
Discretionary behavior that is not part of an employees formal job requirements, but that nevertheless promotes the effective functioning of the organization.

Job Satisfaction
A general attitude (not a behavior) toward ones job; a positive feeling of one's job resulting from an evaluation of its characteristics.

The Independent Variables


The independent variable (X) can be at any of these three levels in this model: Individual
Biographical characteristics, personality and emotions, values and attitudes, ability, perception, motivation, individual learning and individual decision making.

Group
Communication, group decision making, leadership and trust, group structure, conflict, power and politics, and work teams.

Organization System
Organizational culture, human resource policies and practices, and organizational structure and design.

OB Model
Dependent Variables (Y)

Three Levels

Independent Variables (X)

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