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Pacemaker

A pacemaker is a battery-operated device implanted in patients with abnormally slow heart rates to take over the heart's electrical system. There are single-chamber, dual-chamber, and rate-responsive pacemakers that are used to treat bradycardia, atrial fibrillation, heart failure, and syncope by regulating the heart's rhythm. Nursing responsibilities after pacemaker implantation include monitoring the patient, instructing them on wound care and activity restrictions, and educating them on pacemaker use.

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446 views

Pacemaker

A pacemaker is a battery-operated device implanted in patients with abnormally slow heart rates to take over the heart's electrical system. There are single-chamber, dual-chamber, and rate-responsive pacemakers that are used to treat bradycardia, atrial fibrillation, heart failure, and syncope by regulating the heart's rhythm. Nursing responsibilities after pacemaker implantation include monitoring the patient, instructing them on wound care and activity restrictions, and educating them on pacemaker use.

Uploaded by

alainzkie
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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P.A.C.E.M.A.K.

WHAT IS A PACEMAKER?

• A battery-operated electronic device


used to treat patients who have
symptoms caused by abnormally slow
heartbeats and can take over the role
of the heart’s own electrical system.
THE HEART
Superior vena cava

aorta Pulmonary
artery

Pulmonary
Left veins
atrium
Right
atrium Bicuspid
valve

Pulmonic Left Aortic


valve ventricle valve
Right
ventricle
Tricuspid
valve

Inferior vena cava


ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY OF THE HEART

SA NODE BUNDLE
OF HIS

LEFT
AV NODE
BUNDLE
BRUNCH

RIGHT
BUNDLE
BRANCH

PURKINJIE
FIBERS
TYPES OF PACEMAKER

• Single-Chamber Pacemakers

• Dual-Chamber Pacemakers

• Rate-Responsive Pacemakers
In a single-chamber pacemaker,
only one wire (pacing lead) is
placed into a chamber of the heart.
Sometimes it is the upper chamber,
or atrium. Other times it is the lower
chamber, or ventricle.
In dual chamber pacemakers, wires
are placed in two chambers of the
heart. One lead paces the atrium and
one paces the ventricle. This
approach more closely matches the
natural pacing of the heart. This type
of pacemaker can coordinate
function between the atria and
ventricles.
These have sensors that
automatically adjust to changes
in a person's physical activity.
USES OF PACEMAKER

• Bradycardia

• Atrial fibrillation

• Heart failure

• Syncope
COMPLICATIONS OF PACEMAKER

• bleeding
• Bruising
• infection at the implantation site
• introduction of air into the space
between the lung and chest wall
• perforation of the heart
• damage to blood vessels
• Stroke and heart attack
NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES

• Secure consent
• Explain the procedure
• Monitor VS (pre op & post op)
• Sutures are removed between one to
two weeks after the procedure
• asked patient not to lift the arm on the
side of the pacemaker implantation
over the head by 1 – 2 weeks
• asked to avoid heavy lifting, contact sports,
and other vigorous exercises for a few
weeks.
• Assess for infection
• Teach sterile technique when changing
dressing.
• Instruct that dressing is changed every
48hrs.
• Encourage pt to avoid handling of
unnecessary contact with surgical site
• Encourage high protein, high calorie
diet.
• Be alert to lead dislodgement.
• Secure pacemaker ID card
• Instruct pt that cellular phone should be
held on the ear opposite from the side
of the pacemaker
• Instruct pt not to carry phone in the
pocket near the chest.

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