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Introduction To Three Phase Power

This document provides an introduction to three-phase power systems. It explains that three-phase power involves three sinusoidal voltages out of phase by 120 degrees. The voltages can be labeled A, B, and C. Connections between generators and loads can be either wye or delta. Key properties of the wye connection are that line-to-line voltages are √3 times the phase voltage and lead the phase voltages by 30 degrees. The delta connection results in line currents that are √3 times the phase current and lag the phase currents by 30 degrees.

Uploaded by

Syed Raheel Adeel
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
153 views

Introduction To Three Phase Power

This document provides an introduction to three-phase power systems. It explains that three-phase power involves three sinusoidal voltages out of phase by 120 degrees. The voltages can be labeled A, B, and C. Connections between generators and loads can be either wye or delta. Key properties of the wye connection are that line-to-line voltages are √3 times the phase voltage and lead the phase voltages by 30 degrees. The delta connection results in line currents that are √3 times the phase current and lag the phase currents by 30 degrees.

Uploaded by

Syed Raheel Adeel
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction to Three-Phase Power

ECE 441

Typical Transformer Yard

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Basic Three-Phase Circuit

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What is Three-Phase Power?


Three sinusoidal voltages of equal amplitude and frequency out of phase with each other by 120. Known as balanced. Phases are labeled A, B, and C. Phases are sequenced as A, B, C (positive) or A, C, B (negative).

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Three-Phase Power

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Definitions
4 wires
3 active phases, A, B, C 1 ground, or neutral

Color Code
Phase A Phase B Phase C Neutral Red Black Blue White or Gray
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Phasor (Vector) Form for abc


Vc=Vm/+120

Va=Vm/0

Vb=Vm/-120

ECE 441

Phasor (Vector) Form for abc


Vc=Vm/+120

Va=Vm/0

Vb=Vm/-120 Note that KVL applies .... Va+Vb+Vc=0


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Three-Phase Generator
2-pole (North-South) rotor turned by a prime mover Sinusoidal voltages are induced in each stator winding

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How are the sources connected?


(a) shows the sources (phases) connected in a wye (Y).
Notice the fourth terminal, known as Neutral.

(b) shows the sources (phases) connected in a delta ().


Three terminals
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Look at a Y-Y System

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Definitions
Zg represents the internal generator impedance per phase Zl represents the impedance of the line connecting the generator to the load ZA,B,C represents the load impedance per phase Zo represents the impedance of the neutral conductor
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Look at the Line and Load Voltages

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VAB VAN VBN


Line Voltages

VBC VBN VCN VCA VCN VAN


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Phase Voltages

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Vector addition to find VAB=VAN-VBN


-VBN

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Using the Tip-to-Tail Method

-VBN

V = Line-to-Neutral, or Phase Voltage VAB = VAN VBN = 3V


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Conclusions for the Y connection


The amplitude of the line-to-line voltage is equal to 3 times the amplitude of the phase voltage. The line-to-line voltages form a balanced set of 3-phase voltages. The set of line-to-line voltages leads the set of line-to-neutral (phase) voltages by 30.
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Summary

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Look at the Delta-Connected Load

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I AB I 0 I BC I 120 I CA I 120
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I aA I AB I CA
Line Currents

I bB I BC I AB I cC I CA I BC
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Phase Currents

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Vector Addition to find IaA=IAB-ICA

-ICA

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Using the Tip-to-Tail Method

-ICA

IaA = 3I/-30
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Conclusions for the Delta Connection


The amplitude of the line current is equal to 3 times the phase current. The set of line currents lags the phase currents by 30.

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