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Demography

Demography is the scientific study of human populations, including their size, growth, characteristics, and movements. It examines vital statistics like birth and death rates to understand population trends and projections. Understanding demography allows analysis of how population changes may impact societies and helps plan for education, employment, housing and other social services.

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900 views14 pages

Demography

Demography is the scientific study of human populations, including their size, growth, characteristics, and movements. It examines vital statistics like birth and death rates to understand population trends and projections. Understanding demography allows analysis of how population changes may impact societies and helps plan for education, employment, housing and other social services.

Uploaded by

Michael Urrutia
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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DEMOGRAPHY

What is Demography?
It is the scientific study of population. Comes from the Greek words demosand graphone meaning measuring people. It studies the size and consistency of the human population and how it changes.

What is Population?
It is the area of sociology that includes the size, growth, demographic characteristics, compositions, migrations and etc. To geologists, it is the number of persons occupying a certain geographic area, drawing sustsistence from their habitat and interacting with one another.

Why Study Population?


It is important to study population because it allows sociologists to find the causes of sudden growth or decrease in population size in a certain area as well as how it will affect the society. If a populations growth is slow, it faces the danger of extinction. If a population grows too fast there would be upheaval and conflict over scarce resources within the society itself.

Why Study Population?


The study of population and its trends would give direction towards the formulation of plans for education, employment, housing, transportation and communication and other forms of social services.

Sources of Demographic Data


Census: It is a population count where the demographic, economic and social data of every individual of a given time are collected, tabulated, compiled and published. Vital Statistics: Events that deal with an individuals life from birth to death.

Sources of Demographic Data


Sample Surveys: These are conducted by private and public institutions to obtain data and information on matters not covered by the census or the vital statistics system.

Composition of a Population
Age composition: It pertains to the comparative percentage of individuals a different age levels influencing the economic and social structures of society. Sex composition: It pertains to gender differences which is determined by sex ratio and is affected by births, deaths and migration incidences.

Elements of Demography
Birth Rate: It is the yearly count of live births per 1000 population; gives data on a societys reproductive patterns Total Fertility Rate: The average count of children conceived; can project a societys future population growth

Elements of Demography
Death Rate: The yearly count of deaths per 1000 population; gives the data on societys mortality patterns Life expectancy The average number of years a person is expected to live

Elements of Demography
Growth Rate: Differences between births and deaths plus the differences between immigrants and emigrants per 1000 population

Causes of Rapid Population Growth


Birth Rate: Around the world, more than 4 babies are born every second. If high fertility is not matched by mortality, then overpopulation is bound to happen. Death Rate: A decline in mortality and a more or less stable birth rate means a rise in population

Causes of Rapid Population Growth


Migration: Population change is likewise affected by migration which is the movement of people from one place to another with intention of finding a permanent residence. It has been observed that the main reason why people migrate is economic

Consequences of Rapid Population Growth


Economic Consequences Social Effects Political Effects Consequences for Education Health, Welfare and Child Development Environmental Deterioration Security Problem

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