Management of classroom discipline

Concept of discipline: The rules that are enforced by teacher on pupils with the purpose of controlling behaviour.

Classroom Models
a.

Behaviour Modification Model Skinner - Approach: Shaping desire behaviour and restructuring the environment so that unwanted behaviour - Use the principle of reinforcement/ reward /punishment. Principle: i. Analyse student behaviour that is present and future desire behaviour.

ii. Outlining the behaviour that need special attention. iii. Need to identify the rules, reinforcers and consequences that will be used. Pro and contra: i. Simple to use but may not last long. ii. Promote extrinsic motivation and may cause loss of interest in actual reading.

iii.

Do not include strategies for the prevention of discipline problems but tend to emphasis on correcting problems.

Assertive Discipline Model (Canter)

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ii.

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Developed by a child guidance specialist, Lee Canter. Teacher has the right to establish classroom rules and insist that students follow the rules. It involves establishing rules and follow through strictly with some rewards and punishment as consequences.

Canter Discipline Model

reinforcement of desired behavior acceptance of students on the consequences of the behavior shown

rights of teachers and pupils students' rights to learn in a classroom environment that is conducive right of teachers to teach without disruption enforcement of regulations to ensure the smooth running of classroom activities

classroom management is done assertive (confident and assertive). Give a suitable reinforcement for desired behavior

iv.

v.

vi.

Classroom discipline plan allows teacher to clarify behaviours which are expected from the students. Students are also informed of what they will get when they show good behaviour / misbehave. Teacher can respond to students action in one of three ways:

i.

nonassertive approach : teacher fail to give clear picture of how you want them to behave. It will create a free-for all environment in the class room. ii. aggressive approach: teacher lost temper and address student in an abusive way. iii. Assertive approach: clearly state your wants to your student and back up with appropriate action. Aggressive, autocractic

Recommended steps in applying assertive approach

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ii. iii.

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Create positive teacher-student relations. Establish clear rules and routines. Monitor students behaviours in the classroom by keeping some records. Implement a system of positive consequences to reinforce good behaviour.

v.

vi.

Use appropriate consequences to enforce limits set. Establish strong parental support for your plan.

(Completed on 31/1/08)

Suggestion

Act with calm Consistent same punishment for same mistake provide reinforcement for desired behavior provide opportunities for students to express themselves comment directly to the child comment on an individual basis to adult students.

Classroom management plan

explanation of the rules Explaination how the implementation of rules Check for student understanding informed about the benefits a description of corrective actions how corrective actions are implemented Check for student understanding

Handling disruptive behavior, easy to rebel, not motivated

approached the students and try to win their trust pay attention and needs required by students often find ways to communicate

Teacher should analyse the case and see where the problem lies. Create situation where students may find legitimate ways to satisfy their need for attention. ( Balson, 1992)

DREIKURS

IDENTIFY THE CAUSES OF MISCONDUCT should be guided to understand the rules in the classroom need to be trained for self-regulation on the management of classroom discipline students and teachers together bear responsibility in managing classroom discipline so that democracy should be applied

Logical Consequences Model (Dreikus,1968)

Dreikus believe that inappropriate behaviour is motivated by a need to : i. gain/ seeking attention. - common form of misbehaviour. - student may use different strategies to draw teachers attention. - it will make the teacher annoyed and irritated.

ii. Power struggle ( Conflict )

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When student fail to gain attention , they turn to fight with the teacher and end up with conflicts. Teachers are required to maintain good learning environment and some student refuse to cooperate by being stubborn. This is a war in our school. Conclusion: Teacher have to deal with the student in a proper and caring manner. Make the student understand his duty.

iii. Extracting revenge

When teacher stop students misbehave, they feel that they are being unfairly treated. These students will engage in attacking behaviours such as stealing, violence and destruction the property (Balson,1992). The most disturbing group to manage. Try to make them realise their mistaken goal and help them to use their energy in a productive way.

iv. Displaying inadequacy

When students fail to achieve recognition they will withdraw themselves into isolation. The main purpose of this behaviour is to be left alone and have nothing to be expected from him. - They try to convince themselves that they are not capable as others and avoid further humiliation. COMPLETED : 4/2/08 (1015-1115)
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students should be informed and to discuss with the teacher about the rules to be determined. Provide awareness to students, the desired behavior will bring a pleasant result behavior that breaks the rules will bring consequences with trouble.

Strategies to deal with students misguided goal seeking behaviour.

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ii.
iii.

iv.

v.

Ascertain students motive. Help student understand his motive. Help student exchange his mistaken goals for useful ones. Encourage him to be committed to his new goal. Help student learn the consequences of his action.

Suggestion how teacher good communiciation with students.

communicate positive things - encourage increased - identify student weaknesses - learn from mistakes - believe that the ability of students - cooperation - sense of pride in the achievement of students - optimistic - provide encouragement and motivation

Group management (Kounin, Jacob)

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Based on the fact that the effectiveness of classroom discipline depends on monitoring closely what happens in the classroom. He introduced desist to maintain discipline in the classroom.

criticism that teachers give clear, precise and decisive. teachers need to identify the real causes of serious misconduct emphasis on careful monitoring and supervision of teachers in classroom management

teachers should have withitness which is capable to control and supervise more than one classroom at a time. teachers' ability to do two actions at one time called the overlap

Ripple Effect

teacher action on any of the students also can adversely affect other students. more effective if teachers make the action clear, firm and serious

smoothness and performance of the activities necessary for good classroom management. teachers should avoid the trailing information, which is to repeat the things that are not necessary and fragmentation.

momentum of good teaching will help students to prepare to participate in teaching and learning activities. started teaching with engaging pupils, teaching continuing smoothly make the transition between activities in an efficient, close to concluding

Three major characteristic to apply desists

i.

Clarity - teacher must specify the inappropriate behaviour. Example: Aini stop playing with the paper plane and continue coloring. -You can give reasons: Aini if you keep plying with the paper plane, you cannot finish your work.

ii.

iii.

Firmness Use specific word to show your seriousness. Monitor classroom at all times. -need to keep the students focused during the lesson.

Reality Therapy (Glasser,1984)

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He developed Control Theory psychological and physiological behaviour of all living creatures controlled by human needs. Change to Choice Theory people make choices to balance the needs.

each behavior shown by individual choices based on individual dibuat. Choices made based on basic needs

-This theory based on that human behaviour is directed towards meeting four basic psychological needs. - Glasser (2001), believes that in an attempt to stay alive, all living creatures are driven by four basic needs.

basic psychological needs of students, including a sense of belonging and being loved, have power and control, freedom and the need for rejoicing. Curriculum and instruction must be focused on basic needs

4 basic needs
i.

ii.

Love - need for social acceptance. Power and control - Martin (2000), in order to feel worthwhile, individual must have meaningful influence on the world. Glasser (2001), human being need sufficient power to regulate their lives.

iii.

iii.

Freedom - Students long for freedom but parent and teacher have to control them. Fun - Glasser (2001), Not only human have fun, even though we seem to be only creature who laughs. The older the creature, the less it seems interested in fun.
COMPLETED: 18/2/08

The core idea is that, regardless of what has happened in our lives, or what we have done in the past, we still can choose behaviours that will help us to meet our needs in the future. In classroom context, Reality Therapy is a series of steps to help children understand the choices they are making.

Reality Therapy
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Is a method of guiding people on how to direct their own live, make more effective choices and develop the strength to handle the problem of life. ( to help the person become more responsible of his own behaviour)

one technique to help individuals desire to explore themselves yourself, make a reflection about what is being done and the truth will make a design on them in the future

Reality Teraphy

help students identify the behavior Shown reality effect or chosen by students re submit a plan to help students manage behavior act as mentors

- Reality therapy is consistent with

Choice Theory which individual have to recognise that reality exists, and they must fulfill their needs within it framework(martin, Sugarman & Mc Namara, 2000).

Discipline Models and its Application

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Discipline models give structure and meaning to classroom management and help beginning teachers to take necessary action Theories are obsolete if we simply memorise them without understanding the rationale. New teachers need to use trial and error to find the most effective one. But one size does not fit all