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Flexible AC Transmission System Overview

This document provides an overview of Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) which use power electronics to control AC transmission systems and increase power transfer capability. It discusses constraints on transmission capacity such as stability and voltage issues. It describes several FACTS controllers including STATCOM, TCSC, and UPFC. It then gives examples of FACTS installations in the US and explains how FACTS controllers like UPFC can control voltage, impedance, and power flow to increase transmission line capability.

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Melissa Miller
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26 views

Flexible AC Transmission System Overview

This document provides an overview of Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) which use power electronics to control AC transmission systems and increase power transfer capability. It discusses constraints on transmission capacity such as stability and voltage issues. It describes several FACTS controllers including STATCOM, TCSC, and UPFC. It then gives examples of FACTS installations in the US and explains how FACTS controllers like UPFC can control voltage, impedance, and power flow to increase transmission line capability.

Uploaded by

Melissa Miller
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Flexible AC Transmission System Overview

Flexible AC Transmission System


Alternating current transmission systems incorporating power electronics-based and other static controllers to enhance controllability and increase power transfer capability

Constraints on Useable Transmission Capacity


!ynamic"
# Transient and dynamic stability # Subsynchronous oscillations # !ynamic overvoltages and undervoltages # $oltage collapse # Fre%uency collapse

Steady-State"
# Uneven power flow # &xcess reactive power flows # $oltage capability # Thermal capability

FACTS Controllers
Static $A' Compensator - S$C Thyristor Controlled Series Compensator - TCSC Thyristor Controlled (hase Angle 'egulator - TC(A' Static Synchronous Compensator - StatCom Solid State Series Compensator - SSSC Unified (ower Flow Controller - U(FC

US FACTS )nstallations
AEP/ ,ni-ie. Po/e* 0lo/ Cont*olle* / 100 MVA/ EP12 San Diego G&E/ STATCOM/100 MVA Mitsubishi 35PA/ Con4e*tible Stati! Co)6ensato*/ 700 MVA Ve*)ont Ele!t*i!/ STATCOM/ 1%0 MVA/ Mitsubishi

3o*theast ,tilities/ STATCOM/ 1(0 MVA/ A*e4a (Alsto)) TVA STATCOM/ 100MVA EP12 Austin Ene*g+ STATCOM/ 100MVA A

Eagle Pass (Texas) a!"#to#ba!" $VDC %& MVA/ A CS'S (Texas) STATCOM/ 1(0 MVA / '#Sie)ens

(ower Flow Control


(ower transfer between areas can be affected by ad*usting the net series impedance+ Transmission line capability can be increased by installing a series capacitor which reduces the net series impedance+

U(FC

U(FC

may control voltage, impedance, and angle impacts active and reactive power flow in line

-asic Operation

U(FC Capabilities
)ncrease transmission line capacity !irect power flow along selected lines (owerful system oscillation damping $oltage support and regulation Control of active and reactive power flow at both sending- and receiving-end

Operation
'eactive power is generated or absorbed by the shunt inverter to control bus voltage 'eactive power is generated or absorbed by the series inverter to control the real and.or reactive power flow on the transmission line

Cont/d
A portion of the real power flow on the transmission line is drawn from the bus by the shunt inverter to charge the !C capacitor+ 'eal power is inserted into the line through the series inverter+

(ower flow in a transmission line


VS
jX

VR

VSVR PSR = sin X and VR = VS + jXI


VR

PSR

jXI

VS
To increase PSR, increase

VA

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VB

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VA VS VR

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- Vinj 0

VR

VSVR PSR = sin ( + ) X


VR

PSR

Vinj

jXI
VS

1ow is $in* created2


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V

a3 on, b3 on, c3 off $ab56, $bc5$, $ca 5 -$

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