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Experiment 11: Non-Inverting Amplifier: With Modifications That Require The Use of The Velleman Oscilloscope

1. The document describes modifications made to an experiment on a non-inverting amplifier circuit using an oscilloscope. 2. It includes the schematic of the circuit, descriptions of typical op amp parameters, and instructions for taking voltage measurements of the input and output using the oscilloscope. 3. The experiment involves setting the amplifier to have gains of 2, 3, and 4 and measuring the voltage transfer characteristics.

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Joa See
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© © All Rights Reserved
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55 views

Experiment 11: Non-Inverting Amplifier: With Modifications That Require The Use of The Velleman Oscilloscope

1. The document describes modifications made to an experiment on a non-inverting amplifier circuit using an oscilloscope. 2. It includes the schematic of the circuit, descriptions of typical op amp parameters, and instructions for taking voltage measurements of the input and output using the oscilloscope. 3. The experiment involves setting the amplifier to have gains of 2, 3, and 4 and measuring the voltage transfer characteristics.

Uploaded by

Joa See
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Experiment 11: Non-Inverting Amplifier

With Modifications that Require the Use of the Velleman Oscilloscope

Modification to Steps in the 3rd Edition Lab Manual


Modeling in PSpice
Simulate the DC voltage transfer characgteristic of the non-inverting amplifier circuit using
Part E, a voltage controlled voltage source
The difference in voltage between the two input terminals of an op amp cause an output voltage to be generated. Ideal Op Amp model

Part LM324
Close to a real Op Amp model

The sinusoidal voltage source in the circuit must be replaced with a dc voltage source, Vdc.

Measurements performed with oscilloscope


Function generator on oscilloscope is used for Vi.

PSpice Circuit for Non-Inverting Amplifier

Op Amp Equivalent Circuit


vd = v2 v1

A is the open-loop voltage gain

v2

v1

Typical Op Amp Parameters


Parameter Variable Typical Ranges Ideal Values

Open-Loop Voltage Gain Input Resistance Output Resistance Supply Voltage

A Ri Ro Vcc/V+ -Vcc/V-

105 to 108 105 to 1013 W 10 to 100 W 5 to 30 V -30V to 0V

W
0W N/A N/A

Voltage Transfer Characteristic

Circuit with Voltage Controlled Voltage Source (Part E): Schematics

Set Open Loop Gain


Double click on symbol and set GAIN to at least 100,000
Typical open loop gain of an op amp is 105-108 V/V

Circuit with Voltage Controlled Voltage Source (Part E): Capture

Open Loop Gain


Double click on symbol for Part E. Set GAIN in Property Editor pop-up window to at least 100,000.

Modifications to Measurement Section: New Circuit

Cables
The connections to the Velleman scope are BNC (Bayonet Neill-Concelman) connectors.
You will need to use 3 BNC cables with either the alligator clips or the IC clips to make your connections between the scope and your circuit.

Input Voltage Source


Use the sine wave generator on the Velleman scope.
Set the amplitude of the sine wave to 5V
Note that the amplitude on the Velleman scope is actually peak-to-peak so you should actually make this 3V.

Set the frequency of the sine wave to 1000Hz.


Connect BNC cable to function generator (bottom BNC connection).
Clip red probe to end of R2. Clip black probe (ground) to end of R1 or R3.

Voltage Measurements using Oscilloscope


Channel 1:
Red probe placed between function generator and R2. Black probe connected to same point as the black wire from the function generator.

Channel 2:
Red probe placed between output of the LM 324 and the feedback resistor, Rf, or or between output of the LM 324 and R3. Black probe connected to same point as the black wire from the function generator.

Measurements
1. Set trim pot value such that the output voltage of the op amp is equal to 2.0V when the input voltage is +1.0V.
Take a screen shot of the input and output voltage as a function of time, displaying at least 3 cycles. Remove Rf from the circuit. Measure and record the resistance between pins 1 and 2. Measure the output voltage at the following input voltages:
0V, +/-1V, +/-2V, +/-3V, +/- 4V, and +/-5V.
use cursors in scope program

Plot the output voltage vs. the input voltage using the X-Y plot function on the oscilloscope. Export the data from the oscilloscope and use MatLAB to plot the DC voltage transfer characteristic.
Determine
the gain of the inverting amplifier in the linear region of the voltage transfer characteristic using a least squares determination of the slope in the linear region the output voltage at the positive and negative saturation regions.

Measurements
2. Set trim pot value such that the output voltage of the op amp is equal to 3.0V when the input voltage is +1.0V.
Take a screen shot of the input and output voltage as a function of time, displaying at least 3 cycles. Remove Rf from the circuit. Measure and record the resistance between pins 1 and 2. Measure the output voltage at the following input voltages:
0V, +/-1V, +/-2V, +/-3V, +/- 4V, and +/-5V.
use cursors in scope program

Plot the output voltage vs. the input voltage using the X-Y plot function on the oscilloscope. Export the data from the oscilloscope and use MatLAB to plot the DC voltage transfer characteristic.
Determine
the gain of the inverting amplifier in the linear region of the voltage transfer characteristic using a least squares determination of the slope in the linear region the output voltage at the positive and negative saturation regions.

Measurements
3. Set trim pot value such that the output voltage of the op amp is equal to 4.0V when the input voltage is +1.0V.
Take a screen shot of the input and output voltage as a function of time, displaying at least 3 cycles. Remove Rf from the circuit. Measure and record the resistance between pins 1 and 2. Measure the output voltage at the following input voltages:
0V, +/-1V, +/-2V, +/-3V, +/- 4V, and +/-5V.
use cursors in scope program

Plot the output voltage vs. the input voltage using the X-Y plot function on the oscilloscope. Export the data from the oscilloscope and use MatLAB to plot the DC voltage transfer characteristic.
Determine
the gain of the inverting amplifier in the linear region of the voltage transfer characteristic using a least squares determination of the slope in the linear region the output voltage at the positive and negative saturation regions.

Measurements
Measure exact values of V+ and V- powering the LM 324 op amp.

Discussion Section
Compare the gains found in Analysis Section, Modeling Section, and the measured results.
Explain any discrepancies

Explain the major differences between the two PSpice simulations. Compare the averaged positive and negative saturation voltages with the measured values of the power supplies.
Does the saturation voltage depend on the amplifier gain (within experimental error)? Does the saturation voltage agree with that specified in the LM 324 data sheet (find on-line)?

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