Scribd
Upload
53 views40 pages

ECIV 325: Introduction To Steel Design

This document provides an overview of the course ECIV 325 Introduction to Steel Design. It discusses general design procedures for steel structures including problem definition, preliminary structural design, final design, and structural analysis. It also summarizes steel material properties, typical sections, design loads including dead loads, live loads, lateral loads, and references design codes. The goal of the course is to focus on designing steel structural members such as tension members, compression members, beams, and connections.

Uploaded by

MarceloAbi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
53 views40 pages

ECIV 325: Introduction To Steel Design

This document provides an overview of the course ECIV 325 Introduction to Steel Design. It discusses general design procedures for steel structures including problem definition, preliminary structural design, final design, and structural analysis. It also summarizes steel material properties, typical sections, design loads including dead loads, live loads, lateral loads, and references design codes. The goal of the course is to focus on designing steel structural members such as tension members, compression members, beams, and connections.

Uploaded by

MarceloAbi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 40

ECIV 325

Introduction to Steel Design Instructor Dr. Dimitris C. Rizos [email protected]

Steel Structures

Steel Structures

Steel Structures

Steel Structures

Steel Structures

Steel Structures

GENERAL DESIGN PROCEDURES


Problem Definition

Service Functions
Economy

Location Surface & Subsurface Conditions Infrastructure Environmental Impact etc Constraints
Material Availability Zoning Requirements

Design It Right the First Time

Construction Expertise

...

General Design Procedures


Geometric/Architectural Design

Altern. 1

Altern. 2

Altern. 3

Altern. n

Economy

Design It Right the First Time

Final Layout
Floorplans Elevations etc
Alternate Use

General Design Procedures


Preliminary Structural Design

Altern. 1

Altern. 2

Altern. 3

Altern. n

Prliminary Design: Location and arrangement of load bearing elements, columns, beams, footings etc., Sizing of structural elements for safety and serviceability Architectural Constraints - Simplicity & Duplication - Fabrication & Construction Procedures Economy: Add preliminary $ value to each design

Select Alternative for Final Design

General Design Procedures

FINAL DESIGN Sizing of Members Design of Details Design Drawings* (Blueprints) Bill of Materials Total Cost

*Design

Drawings Complete and Easy to Read Detailing for Steel Construction Engineering for Steel Construction

AISC:

Preliminary/Final Design
Define External Loads Estimate/Assume Initial Size of Structural Elements Calculate Self Weigth Structural Analysis Select New Sizes

Check Design (Codes & Specs)


Safe Functional Economic

NO

YES O.K.

Structural Design

Safety Seviceability Economy Practicality

ECIV 325 OBJECTIVE

FOCUS ON DESIGN OF COMPONENTS Steel Structural Members

Tension Members Compression Members (Columns) Beams Beam-Columns Connections

Sructural Steel Typical Composition


Composition % Element
Carbon (C) Manganese (Mn) Phosphorus (P) Sulfur (S) Silicon (Si) Copper (Cu) Nickel (Ni) Chromium (Cr) Vanadium (V) Molybdenum (Mo) Aluminum (Al) Nitrogen (N)

HPS 50W and 70W


0.11 max 1.10-1.35 0.020 max 0.006 max 0.30-0.50 0.25-0.40 0.25-0.40 0.45-0.70 0.04-0.08 0.02-0.08 0.01-0.04 0.015 max

HPS 100W
0.08 max 0.90-1.50 0.015 max 0.005 max 0.40 max 0.90-1.20 0.65-1.00 0.40-0.65 0.05-0.07 0.40-0.65 -

Mild Steel A36


0.25-0.29 1.20 max 0.04 max 0.05 max 0.15-0.40 0.20 min (when specified) -

Structural Steel - Properties

Elastic Limit: Transition from elastic to inelastic behavior

Yield Point: Stress Fy at the elastic limit

Elastic Modulus: Slope of elastic part of curve E~29,000 ksi (200,000 Mpa)

Structural Steel - Properties

Yield Point: Stress Fy at the elastic limit

Ult. Tens. Str: Fu is the maximum stress developed in the inelastic zone

Structural Steel - Properties

Residual Strain: Permanent deformation after unloading

Structural Steel - Properties


If Yield Point not Clearly Defined 0.2% Method

Draw line parallel to elastic part

0.2% Strain

Structural Steel - Characteristics

Elasticity: Ability of metal to return to its original shape after loading and subsequent unloading

Fatigue:

Cycling loading and unloading stresses material above its endurance limit and leads to failure

Ductility:

Deformation without fracture beyond the elastic limit (ineleastic behavior) High Ductility

Toughness: Combination of strength and ductility High toughness

Structural Steel - Characteristics


Maintenance: Susceptible to Corrosion when exposed to air and water Use paints, or weathering steels Strength reduces with increased temperature Fireproofing required

Fireproofing:

Structural Steel - Sections


Typical Hot Rolled Steel Shapes

See AISC Manual PART 1 Section Properties and other shapes

Structural Steel - Sections


Typical Cold-Formed Light Gage Steel Shapes

See LRFD Manual for other sections

Structural Steel - Sections


Built-Up Members

Structural Steel - Characteristics


Buckling: Instability due to slenderness

Structural Steel

Idealized Case: Real Life:

Material Properties - Uniaxial Cases Multiaxial scenarios determine material strength

UNCERTAINTIES

DESIGN MUST ADDRESS UNDERSTRENGTH

Design Loads
Most important and difficult task is the accurate estimation of loads applied to a structure over its life

Second most difficult is to determine load combinations

Design Loads - Types

Dead Loads
Self Weight Loads Permanantly Attached
Walls Floor Roof Plumbing Fixtures etc

Live Loads
Occupancy - Floor Loads Snow & Ice Rain Traffic Loads for Bridges Impact Loads Lateral Loads
Wind Earthquakes

Easier to determine but are not known a priori

Other

Occupancy - Floor Loads

Specified by building codes


Check Local (state) specs and requirements

In the absence of any available codes refer to:


ASCE Standard 7 Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures SEI/ASCE 7-05

Typical Variation
40-250 psf

Snow & Ice

Depend On
Location Slope of Roofs

Typical Variation
10 psf (45o slope) - 100 psf (North Main)

Account for
Snow Drift Increased wind loads due to increased surface area of ice coated members

Rain Loads

More sever on flat roofs


ponding

Geometric Design for Draining


Allow for 0.25 in/ft slope with good drainage facilities

Bridges - Traffic Loads

American Association of Highway and Transportation Officials


AASHTO

American Railway Engineering Association


AREA

Truck and Lane Load Impact Longitudinal

Lateral Loads - Wind

Depend On
geographic location height above ground types of terrain including surrounding buildings percentage of openings

Effects
Severe Effects on tall buildings & long flexible structures

Reference
ASCE Wind Forces on Structures, Transactions ASCE 126 Uniform Building Code

Lateral Loads - Earthquakes

Depend On
geographic location - area seismicity soil conditions dynamic properties and characteristics of structure

Analysis & Design


Dynamic Equiv. Static :Horizontal Loads associated to the mass of the structure Bracing, Special Connections, Design for Shear etc.

Other Loads

Soil Pressures Hydrostatic Pressures Blast Thermal Forces Centrifugal Forces (trucks on curved bridges)

Loads - References

ASCE Minimum design loads for buildings and other structures SEI/ASCE 7-05 NY Specifications for Steel Railway Bridges (AREA 1980) Standard Specifications for Highway Bridges (AASHTO)
ICC IBC-2006 2006 International Building Code International Code Council (formerly BOCA, ICBO, and SBCCI)

Design Loads

Real Life:

Design loads difficult to predict

UNCERTAINTIES

DESIGN MUST ADDRESS OVERLOAD

ASSIGNEMENT
READING Chapter 1

Homework
1.5-3, 1.5-6

You might also like