Scribd
Upload
130 views

SCR Turnoff (Commutation) Circuits

This document discusses different methods for turning off SCRs (silicon controlled rectifiers), known as commutation. It describes four main methods: 1) capacitor commutation which uses a commutation capacitor and transistor switch, 2) commutation by an external pulse source which applies a reverse voltage pulse, 3) commutation by resonance using series or parallel resonant circuits, and 4) AC line commutation which uses the alternating current line voltage to naturally commutate the SCR during each half cycle. Mathematical expressions are provided for calculating component values needed for commutation. Diagrams illustrate the circuit configurations for different commutation methods.

Uploaded by

Farwa Aslam
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
130 views

SCR Turnoff (Commutation) Circuits

This document discusses different methods for turning off SCRs (silicon controlled rectifiers), known as commutation. It describes four main methods: 1) capacitor commutation which uses a commutation capacitor and transistor switch, 2) commutation by an external pulse source which applies a reverse voltage pulse, 3) commutation by resonance using series or parallel resonant circuits, and 4) AC line commutation which uses the alternating current line voltage to naturally commutate the SCR during each half cycle. Mathematical expressions are provided for calculating component values needed for commutation. Diagrams illustrate the circuit configurations for different commutation methods.

Uploaded by

Farwa Aslam
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 15

SCR TURNOFF (COMMUTATION) Circuits

Group Members:

1. Aisha Kalsoom 2. Farwa Aslam

11-EE-08 11-EE-32

What

is Commutation?

The process of turning off an SCR is called commutation. It is achieved by


Reducing anode current below holding current Make anode negative with respect to cathode

Types of commutation are:


Natural or line commutation
Forced commutation

SCR TURNOFF METHODS


Diverting the anode current to an alternate path Shorting the SCR from anode to cathode Applying a reverse voltage (by making the cathode positive with respect to the anode) across the SCR Forcing the anode current to zero for a brief period Opening the external path from its anode supply voltage Momentarily reducing supply voltage to zero

(1) CAPACITOR COMMUTATION

SCR turnoff circuit using a transistor switch

SCR turnoff circuit using commutation capacitor

Value of capacitance is determined by:

C> =

tOFF 0.693RL

(2) COMMUTATION BY EXTERNAL SOURCE


The reverse voltage is applied to the load current carrying SCR from an external pulse source therefore it is called External pulse commutation. When thyristor is conducting ,the drop across the transformer is negligibly small. The supply voltage appears across the load resistance. When commutation of SCR is desired a pulse of duration equal or slightly greater than the turn off time specification of the thyristor is applied. Earlier to the commutation, the capacitor voltage remains at a small value of about2V. When a pulse of voltage from the pulse generator is applied to the primary of the pulse transformer, the voltage Induced in the secondary appears across T1 as areverse voltage (-Vp) and turns it off.

Mathematical Expression

(3) COMMUTATION BY RESONANCE

Series resonant turnoff circuit:


When the SCR is triggered, anode current flows and charges up C with the dot as positive. The L-C-R form a second order underdamped circuit. The current through the SCR builds up and completes a half cycle. The inductor current will then attempt to flow through the SCR in the reverse direction and the SCR will be turned off.

Series resonant turnoff circuit:

Parallel resonant turnoff circuit


During initial power up, the capacitor C charges to the supply voltage (Edc) and the thyristor is OFF. The initial charging current of the LC branch flows thru the load.When the thyristor is fired, the supply DC voltage is applied across the load, and the voltage across the LC branch goes to almost zero (the forward drop of the thyristor). Then the LC circuit enters a resonant discharge with an angular frequency of the square root of the inverse of LC product. The LC resonant cycle supplies a peak forward current thru the thyristor of Edc times the square root of C/L. This peak current must exceed the load current in order to effect the turnoff of the thyristor during the second half of the discharge resonant cycle. This peak current is usually designed to be twice the load current. The thyristor is reversed biased (and turned OFF) during the first quarter cycle of this second half of the resonant cycle - thus allowing the supply to recharge the capacitor in the LC parallel branch. Then the cycle can repeat.

Parallel resonant turnoff circuit

(4) AC LINE COMMUTATION

THANK YOU!

You might also like