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Lecture #12 Ehsan Roohi Sharif University of Technology Aerospace Engineering Department

This document is the notes from Lecture #12 of an aerospace engineering course. It discusses the components of a gas turbine engine, including the inlet, compressor, combustor, turbine and nozzle. It explains that inlets must reduce air velocity for the compressor and can use divergent ducts for subsonic flow or oblique shock waves for supersonic flow. The combustor burns fuel and air uniformly. The exhaust nozzle increases exhaust velocity. Parametric cycle analysis is used to determine engine performance under different conditions. The lecture also covered afterburning, regenerators, and thrust calculations.

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49 views

Lecture #12 Ehsan Roohi Sharif University of Technology Aerospace Engineering Department

This document is the notes from Lecture #12 of an aerospace engineering course. It discusses the components of a gas turbine engine, including the inlet, compressor, combustor, turbine and nozzle. It explains that inlets must reduce air velocity for the compressor and can use divergent ducts for subsonic flow or oblique shock waves for supersonic flow. The combustor burns fuel and air uniformly. The exhaust nozzle increases exhaust velocity. Parametric cycle analysis is used to determine engine performance under different conditions. The lecture also covered afterburning, regenerators, and thrust calculations.

Uploaded by

psycho_zahran
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lecture #12

Ehsan Roohi
Sharif University of Technology
Aerospace Engineering Department
1
We already read:
Chapters 1 & 2 from Mattingly,
Chaps 3 & 4 from MCF by Anderson,
This session:
Chapter 4:
4.4 Gas Turbine Engine Components, p:244
Brayton Cycle
Chapter 5:
Ideal Cycle design
Ideal ramjet design

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inlet, compressor, combustor, turbine, nozzle
Inlet
An inlet reduces the entering air velocity to a level
suitable for the compressor.
The design and operation of the inlet depend on
whether the air entering the duct is subsonic or
supersonic.
Subsonic inlet:
The subsonic inlet can be a divergent duct, as
shown
3
Because shock waves will occur in supersonic flow, the
geometry of supersonic inlets is designed to obtain the
most efficient compression.
If the velocity is reduced from a supersonic speed to a
subsonic speed with one normal shock wave,
compression process is inefficient.
If several oblique shock waves are employed to reduce
the velocity, the compression process is more efficient.

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The combustor is designed to burn a mixture of fuel and air and to
deliver the resulting gases to the turbine at a uniform temperature.
The gas temperature must not exceed the allowable structural
temperature of the turbine.
8
The purpose of the exhaust nozzle is to increase the velocity
of the exhaust gas before discharge from the nozzle and to
collect and straighten gas flow from the turbine.
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10
When water is injected into the inlet of the compressor, the mass flow
rate increases and a higher combustion chamber pressure results
The higher pressure and the increase in mass flow combine to
increase the thrust.
Afterburning
The afterburner consists of the duct section, fuel injectors, and flame
holders.
It is possible to have afterburning because, in the main burner
section, the combustion products are air-rich.
The effect of the afterburning operation is to raise the temperature
of the exhaust gases that, when exhausted through the nozzle, will
reach a higher exit velocity
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Two Turbines
Reheat
Regenerator
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Parametric cycle analysis determines the performance of
engines at different conditions
ratio of total pressures across a component by p, d for diffuser
(inlet), c for compressor, b for burner, t for turbine, n for nozzle
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1) Thrust
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Free stream, diffuser , compressor, burner, turbine, after burner, nozzle
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4
5: Combustions
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Until Final exam date
Chapter 4: 10
Chapter 5: 1

We will cover ideal turbojet and turbofan
design next week.
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