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Audience: By: Tue Lai Celina Le Phong Ly Duy Nguyen

The document discusses analyzing audience when writing. It defines audience as the intended readers of a piece of writing. Understanding the audience is important to choose the best style, format, arguments, and information. Audience characteristics like age, gender, education level can influence word choice, tone, and how information is presented. The document provides tips for determining a psychological and demographic analysis of the audience, including considering what the audience needs to know, how they can understand the material, and what action you want them to take. It also gives an example of characterizing the audience for a short introduction.

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Dawn Anh Nguyen
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53 views16 pages

Audience: By: Tue Lai Celina Le Phong Ly Duy Nguyen

The document discusses analyzing audience when writing. It defines audience as the intended readers of a piece of writing. Understanding the audience is important to choose the best style, format, arguments, and information. Audience characteristics like age, gender, education level can influence word choice, tone, and how information is presented. The document provides tips for determining a psychological and demographic analysis of the audience, including considering what the audience needs to know, how they can understand the material, and what action you want them to take. It also gives an example of characterizing the audience for a short introduction.

Uploaded by

Dawn Anh Nguyen
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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By: Tue Lai

Celina Le
Phong Ly
Duy Nguyen
AUDIENCE
Who is audience?
An audience is a group of readers who reads a particular piece of
writing.
As a writer, you should anticipate the needs or expectations of your
audience in order to convey information or argue for a particular
claim.
Your audience might be your instructor, classmates, the president
of an organization, the staff of a management company, or any
other number of possibilities.
Why do we need to analyze
audience ?
Why do we need to analyze audience ?
Determining the important characteristics of an audience in order
to chose the best style, format and information/arguments when
writing or speaking.
Audience affects the following
elements of your style:
The Message (What do readers care about? What are they likely to
act upon?)
The Argument (What would be convincing? What kinds of evidence
are normally used for this type of reader?)
Word Choice (Should you use jargon/slang or formal/professional
language?)
Sentence Types and Lengths (Can you use fragments? Long,
complex patterns or short simple ones, or a combination?)
Tone (Is it personal, friendly, distanced, humorous, serious?)


Two approaches to audience analysis

PsychologicalWhat reader needs to know, how reader can
understand, action expected

DemographicWhat you can ask about and count



Psychological: Three questions
What does the reader NEED to know?
Quantity
Content
How can I help my reader to UNDERSTAND the material?
Definitions, visuals, etc.
Sentence and paragraph length and structure
Background information
Qualitative details (technical)
Clear statements of purpose and function
What do I want my reader TO DO with the information?
Approve or disapprove
Accept a recommendation
Take some other kind of action
Be informed only



Demographic
Ask yourself if the following audience characteristics
should influence how you present information:
Age
Gender
Race/ethnicity
Region of residence
Culture
Sexual orientation
Education level
Religion
Audience and Purpose
Writers need to consider both audience and purpose in writing
because the two elements affect writing significantly, and decisions
about one affect the other.
Consider WHY you are writing.

Activity question
How would you characterize the audience for the following
introduction? And why?
Natalie, 11, is a timid kid, and her parents, though possessing the
best of intentions, aren't making it any easier for her. The Portland,
Maine sixth grader says, I hate it when Mom and Dad get all
supercheery and say, Don't be shy. See how your sister Tracy does
it? Just go up to that kid and say hi. But I'm not Tracy. It's really
hard for me. I feel like everyone is watching me and waiting for me
to mess up.

Answer
The audience for this excerpt is middle-class American women,
probably with at least a high school education.

Tips for writing academic essay
In college writing, people are writing solely for their instructors rather
than a larger audience beyond their classroom.

Tips for writing academic essay
Tips for writing academic essay

Tips for writing academic essay
Tips for writing academic essay

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