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Random Sampling Method

This document discusses different types of probability sampling methods used in research. It describes simple random sampling, systematic sampling, stratified sampling, cluster sampling, and multi-stage cluster sampling. For each method, it provides a brief definition and example. It also lists the strengths and weaknesses of each sampling technique. The key takeaways are that probability sampling aims to give all population members an equal chance of selection and involves random selection, while accounting for population characteristics to improve representativeness and reduce sampling error.

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368 views15 pages

Random Sampling Method

This document discusses different types of probability sampling methods used in research. It describes simple random sampling, systematic sampling, stratified sampling, cluster sampling, and multi-stage cluster sampling. For each method, it provides a brief definition and example. It also lists the strengths and weaknesses of each sampling technique. The key takeaways are that probability sampling aims to give all population members an equal chance of selection and involves random selection, while accounting for population characteristics to improve representativeness and reduce sampling error.

Uploaded by

Hường Nguyễn
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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PROBABILITY SAMPLING (RANDOM)

Simple Random sampling


Systematic sampling
Stratified sampling
Cluster sampling
Probability
Sampling
A method of sampling that uses of random
selection so that each member of the
population, or of sub-groups, has an equal
probability of being chosen.
Define
target
population
Identify
sampling
frame
Determine
sample
size
Determine
method of
sampling
Select
sample
Steps in probability sampling
Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4
Step 5
1. Simple Random Sampling (SRS)


In a SRS, subjects are selected from the population in
which every member of the population has equal chance
of being chosen (e.g., drawing names out of a hat, use a
table of random number). Applicable when population is
small, homogeneous & readily available.

Systematic Sampling is a sampling method in which
every nth element is selected from a list of all elements
in the survey population, beginning with a randomly
selected element.
E.g, from among 50 students, we need to select 5 to be
our sample (10%), we would randomly select a number
from 1 to 10, then select every 10
th
student for our
sample.


2. Systematic Sampling
A population is divided into homogenous, mutually
exclusive starta or subgroups (age, gender, location,
level of education), and a sample is randomly selected
from each stratum.
3. Stratified (Random) Sampling
Proportionate stratified
sampling
based on the
percentage of subjects
in the population that is
present in each stratum.

Disproportionate stratified
sampling
the researcher selects the
same number of subjects
to be in each stratum of
the sample.

Stratified (Random) Sampling
White American Black American
500
350
150
49
21
4. Cluster (Random) Sampling
Cluster random sampling is a sampling
method in which the population is rst
divided into clusters (natural occuring
groups, i.g, neighborhoods, districts,
regions) . Then a simple random sample
of clusters is taken. All the members of
the selected clusters together constitute
the sample.
Section 4
Section 5
Section 3
Section 2 Section 1
is the selection of two or more levels of clusters.
E.g., school districts, schools within districts,
classroom within school, students within
classroom. We could begin by sampling 40 of
150 school districts, then 6 classrooms in each
of the 40 districts, and then 10 students in
each classroom.
Multi-stage cluster Sampling
STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES OF SAMPLING METHODS
Sampling
methods
Advantages Disadvantages
Simple
Random
Sampling
Easy to understand
Little knowledge of
population needed.
Free of subject
classsification error
Easy to analyze and
interpret results.

Require numbering
each element in a
non-electronic list of
members of the
population.
Larger sampling
error than in
stratified sampling
for same sample size.
Sampling Advantages Disadvantages
Systematic
(Random)
Sampling
Easier to draw.
Easy to
understand
Free of subject
classsification error.
Easy to analyze
and interpret
results.
Subjects dont
need to be
numbered.

Larger
sampling error
than in stratified
sampling for
same sample
size.
Periodicty in
list of population
elements.
Sampling
Techniques
Advantages Disadvantages
Stratified
(Random)
Sampling
Allow easy subgroup
comparisons.
More representative
than Simple random or
systematic.
Fewer subjects
needed if strata are
related to the
dependent variable.
Requires
subgroup
identification of
each population
element.
Costly and
difficult to
prepare lists of
population
elements in each
subgroup.
Advantages & Disadvantages
Sampling Advantages Disadvantages
Cluster
Sampling
Low costs.
efficient with
large
populations.
Permits
analysis of
individual
clusters.

Less accuracte than SR,
systematic, or statified
methods.
May be difficult to
collect data from
elements in a cluster.
Requires each
population element be
assigned to only one
cluster.
Advantages & Disadvantages

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