Cloud Computing

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What Is Cloud Computing?
Generally speaking, cloud computing
can be thought of as anything that
involves delivering hosted services over
the Internet.
Cloud computing is a model for
enabling ubiquitous, convenient,
on-demand network access to a
shared pool of configurable
computing resources (e.g.,
networks, servers, storage,
applications, and services) that can
be rapidly provisioned and released
with minimal management effort or
service provider interaction.
What is Cloud Computing?


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Cloud computing is where the organization outsources data processing to
computers owned by the vendor. Primarily the vendor hosts the
equipment while the audited entities still has control over the application
and the data. Outsourcing may also include utilizing the vendors
computers to store, backup, and provide online access to the organization
data. The organization will need to have a robust access to the internet if
they want their staff or users to have ready access to the data or even the
application that process the data. In the current environment, the data or
applications are also available from mobile platforms (laptops with Wi-Fi
or cell/mobile cards, smart phones, and tablets).

According to WIKIPEDIA:
"Cloud computing is Internet-based computing, whereby shared resource,
software, and information are provided to computers and other devices on
demand, like the electricity grid.

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What It Provides
Cloud computing provides shared services
as opposed to local servers or storage
resources
Enables access to information from most
web-enabled hardware
Allows for cost savings reduced facility,
hardware/software investments, support

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Essential Characteristics
On-demand self-service
A consumer can unilaterally provision computing capabilities,
such as server time and network storage, as needed
automatically without requiring human interaction with each
service provider.

Broad network access
Capabilities are available over the network and accessed
through standard mechanisms that promote use by
heterogeneous thin or thick client platforms (e.g., mobile
phones, tablets, laptops, and workstations).



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Characteristics
Resource pooling

The providers computing resources are pooled to serve
multiple consumers.
Resources can be dynamically assigned and reassigned
according to customer demand.
Customer generally may not care where the resources are
physically located but should be aware of risks if they are
located offshore.




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Characteristics
Rapid elasticity

Capabilities can be expanded or released automatically (i.e.,
more cpu power, or ability to handle additional users) .
To the customer this appears seamless, limitless, and responsive to
their changing requirements.

Measured service
Customers are charged for the services they use and the amounts
There is a metering concept where customer resource usage can be
monitored, controlled, and reported, providing transparency for
both the provider and consumer of the utilized service.



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Service Models
Software/Application
Platform
Infrastructure
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Service Models
Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS)
A service model that involves outsourcing
the basic infrastructure used to support
operations--including storage, hardware,
servers, and networking components.

The service provider owns the
infrastructure equipment and is
responsible for housing, running, and
maintaining it. The customer typically
pays on a per-use basis.

The customer uses their own platform
(Windows, Unix), and applications

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Service Models
Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS)
A service model that involves outsourcing
the basic infrastructure and platform
(Windows, Unix)

PaaS facilitates deploying applications
without the cost and complexity of buying
and managing the underlying hardware
and software where the applications are
hosted.

The customer uses their own applications


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Service Models
Software-as-a-Service (SaaS)
Also referred to as software on
demand, this service model involves
outsourcing the infrastructure,
platform, and software/applications.

Typically, these services are
available to the customer for a fee,
pay-as-you-go, or a no charge model.

The customer accesses the
applications over the internet.

Types of Clouds
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Public Cloud
A public cloud is a cloud computing model in which services, such as
applications and storage, are available for general use over the
Internet. Public cloud services may be offered on a pay-per-usage
mode or other purchasing models. An example of a public cloud is
IBMs Blue Cloud.


Private Cloud
A private cloud is a virtualized data center that operates within a
firewall. Private clouds are highly virtualized, joined together by mass
quantities of IT infrastructure into resource pools, and privately
owned and managed.
Types of Clouds
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Hybrid Cloud

A hybrid cloud is a mix of public and private clouds.


Community Cloud

A community cloud is an infrastructure shared by several
organizations which supports a specific community.


Deployment Models


A cloud system (IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS) can be deployed using the following
three main models.

A public cloud sells services to anyone on the Internet. (e.g. currently Amazon
Web Services is the largest public cloud provider.)

A private cloud is a proprietary network or a data centre that supplies hosted
services to a limited number of people.

When a service provider uses public cloud resources to create their private
cloud, the result is called a virtual private cloud. Private or public, the goal of
cloud computing is to provide easy, scalable access to computing resources and
IT services.

A hybrid cloud is needed when private clouds run out of capacity. It is a
composition of two or more clouds that remain unique entities but are bound
together.

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Where Is My Data?
Data resides on servers
that the customer
cannot physically
access
Vendors may store data
anywhere at lowest cost
if not restrained by
agreement
Challenges
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Challenge Opportunity
Data transfer bottlenecks FedEx-ing disks, reuse data multiple
times
Performance unpredictability Improved VM support, flash memory
Scalable storage Invent scalable storage
Bugs in large distributed systems Invent Debugger using Distributed VMs
Scaling quickly Invent Auto-Scaler
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CHALLENGES
Challenge Opportunity
Availability Multiple providers
Data lock-in Standardization
Data Confidentiality Encryption, VLANs, Firewalls
Thank You

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