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Data Communications, Data Networks, and The Internet

This document provides an overview of data communications and computer networks. It introduces the fundamental problem of communication and reproducing messages over a distance. It then discusses contemporary trends in communication including traffic growth, new services, and advances in technology. The document outlines a communications model and discusses the basic elements involved, including transmission medium, networking, and different types of networks like local area networks (LANs), wide area networks (WANs), and the Internet. It provides examples of circuit switching, packet switching, frame relay, and asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) as technologies used in wide area networks. Finally, it summarizes the key topics covered regarding data communication needs, models, and an overview of different network types.

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Hamza Hasnyne
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45 views

Data Communications, Data Networks, and The Internet

This document provides an overview of data communications and computer networks. It introduces the fundamental problem of communication and reproducing messages over a distance. It then discusses contemporary trends in communication including traffic growth, new services, and advances in technology. The document outlines a communications model and discusses the basic elements involved, including transmission medium, networking, and different types of networks like local area networks (LANs), wide area networks (WANs), and the Internet. It provides examples of circuit switching, packet switching, frame relay, and asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) as technologies used in wide area networks. Finally, it summarizes the key topics covered regarding data communication needs, models, and an overview of different network types.

Uploaded by

Hamza Hasnyne
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Data and Computer

Communications
Eighth Edition
by William Stallings

Lecture slides by Lawrie Brown
Chapter 1 Data Communications,
Data Networks, and the Internet
Data Communications, Data
Networks, and the Internet
The fundamental problem of
communication is that of reproducing at
one point either exactly or approximately a
message selected at another point

- The Mathematical Theory of
Communication, Claude Shannon
Contemporary Data Comms
trends
traffic growth at a high & steady rate
development of new services
advances in technology
significant change in requirements
emergence of high-speed LANs
corporate WAN needs
digital electronics
A Communications Model
Communications Tasks
Transmission system utilization Addressing
Interfacing Routing
Signal generation Recovery

Synchronization Message formatting
Exchange management Security

Error detection and correction Network management
Flow control
Data Communications Model
Transmission Medium
selection is a basic choice
internal use entirely up to business
long-distance links made by carrier
rapid technology advances change mix
fiber optic
wireless
transmission costs still high
hence interest in efficiency improvements
Networking
growth of number & power of computers is
driving need for interconnection
also seeing rapid integration of voice,
data, image & video technologies
two broad categories of communications
networks:
Local Area Network (LAN)
Wide Area Network (WAN)

Wide Area Networks
span a large geographical area
cross public rights of way
rely in part on common carrier circuits
alternative technologies used include:
circuit switching
packet switching
frame relay
Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM)
Circuit Switching
uses a dedicated communications path
established for duration of conversation
comprising a sequence of physical links
with a dedicated logical channel
eg. telephone network
Packet Switching
data sent out of sequence
small chunks (packets) of data at a time
packets passed from node to node
between source and destination
used for terminal to computer and
computer to computer communications
Frame Relay
packet switching systems have large
overheads to compensate for errors
modern systems are more reliable
errors can be caught in end system
Frame Relay provides higher speeds
with most error control overhead removed
Asynchronous Transfer Mode
ATM
evolution of frame relay
fixed packet (called cell) length
with little overhead for error control
anything from 10Mbps to Gbps
constant data rate using packet switching
technique with multiple virtual circuits
Local Area Networks
smaller scope
Building or small campus
usually owned by same organization as
attached devices
data rates much higher
switched LANs, eg Ethernet
wireless LANs
Metropolitan Area Networks
MAN
middle ground between LAN and WAN
private or public network
high speed
large area
The Internet
Internet evolved from ARPANET
first operational packet network
applied to tactical radio & satellite nets also
had a need for interoperability
led to standardized TCP/IP protocols

Internet Elements
Internet Architecture
Example Configuration
Summary
introduced data communications needs
communications model
defined data communications
overview of networks
introduce Internet

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