Coupling Selection

Contents
Essential Information Required
Service Factors
Coupling Ratings
Choosing a coupling arrangenment

Question Examples
Additional Checks
Special requirements
Selection Tools

Coupling Selection

Essential Information for selection

Driver Machine
Driven Machine
Power (HP or kW ) Normal
Max. Transient or Torque (Nm or lbs.ft) if available

Speed (rpm) Normal

Maximum if available

Distance between shaft ends (DBSE) (mm or inches)

Driving and Driven shaft types and diameters

Select a suitable SERVICE FACTOR

In coupling design the basic stress analysis considers
the Steady- torque condition.

Time

Select a suitable SERVICE FACTOR

Knowing the DRIVEN & DRIVING machinery
What is a service factor ?
A multiplication factor applied to the nominal rating which allows for
CYCLIC TORQUE applied by certain machinery.

SF=1

1. Steady Torque
(eg. Centrifugal compressor)
Time
2. Cyclic Torque
(eg. Reciprocating comp.)

SF=3
Time

Service Factors
LOAD CLASSIFICATIONS:
Continuous & uniform operation
(Infrequent starts/ Low starting torques)
Continuous operation with minor torque
fluctuations or frequent start/stop cycles
Torque loading varies during operation in
conjunction with some shock loading
Substantial torque fluctuations & heavy
shock loads

SERV. FAC.
1.0
1.5

2.0
2.5

Allowable alternating Torque

S-N Curve
Stress
Tension (+)
800

Stress
range

0
Compression (-)

Stress range (Mpa)

700

Time

600

500
Fatigue limit

450

400
103

104

105

106

107

Number of Cycles

108

109

Modified Goodman Diagram

Alternating stress

1200

1000
800
600
400
200
0
0

500

1000

Steady stress

1500

Modified Goodman Diagram

Alternating stress

1200

1000
800
600
400
200
0
0

500

1000

Steady stress

1500

Alternating stress

Modified Goodman Diagram

FRETTING LIMIT

MEAN TORQUE
(MAX)

SPEED
(MAX)

(MAX) AXIAL
DEFLECTION

Steady stress

RATED
OPERATING
POINT

Determine Coupling RATING

Determine the coupling Rating in kW/1000 rpm from the
following formula:
Given: Power (kW) and Speed (rpm)
Rating = kW x 1000 x SF
N
where
SF is service factor
kW is power rating
N is shaft speed

Choose Coupling Arrangement

The coupling arrangement will depend upon:

available DBSE (distance between shaft ends)

bearing arrangement of the coupled machines
allowable overhung moment
mating interfaces with the shafts
special features required

Choose the coupling arrangement

required to suit the application
SINGLE BANK NON-SPACER
COUPLINGS
LDE0, LSE0, MHSO

CLOSE COUPLED ARRANGEMENTS

MODO, LDEC, LSEC

TSKC, TSNC, TSRC, TSE1

Choose the coupling arrangement

required to suit the application
STANDARD SPACER COUPLINGS
MHSS,
LSES, TSKS, TLKS, TSCS, TLCS
TSJE; TLJE; TTJE

MINIMUM OVERHUNG MASS

TSGE, TLGE, TTGE
TSDE, TLDE, TTDE

Bearing arrangements

Equipment design
X

3 Bearing
X

4 Bearing
X

Bearing

Misalignment and 3 Bearing System

Parallel offset

Converted to angular
X

Bearing

4 bearing systems and misalignment

X
X

Parallel offset

Converted to angular at each end

X

Bearing

3 and 4 Bearing Systems The difference

3 bearing systems
Angular and axial misalignment only
Requires one flexing plane (1 membrane pack)

4 bearing systems
Angular, axial and parallel misalignment
Requires two flexing planes (2 membrane packs)
Increase in flexing plane separation (distance between
membrane packs) increases parallel misalignment
capability

Misalignment Capability

Axial and Angular

Misalignment Only
Non Spacer

Axial, Angular and Lateral

Misalignment

Spacer

Question 1
Steam Turbine to Centrifugal Compressor

6MW @ 10000 RPM

What is the required rating?

Answer to Question 1
Required Rating = kW x 1000 x SF
N
Rating kW/1000 rpm = 6000 x 1000 x 1.0
10,000

= 600 kW/1000 rpm

Choose Coupling Arrangement

The coupling arrangement will depend upon:
available DBSE (distance between shaft ends)
bearing arrangement of the coupled machines
allowable overhung moment
mating interfaces with the shafts
special features required

Decide on the type of disc design

T series is the prime selection unless otherwise specified.

T series maintains the drive on disc failure through emergency drive
collars.

M series disconnects the drive on disc failure.

For API 671 requirements generally use T series.

Choose the coupling arrangement required

to suit the application
SINGLE BANK NON-SPACER COUPLINGS
LO, MHSO

CLOSE COUPLED ARRANGEMENTS

MODO
TSRC, L***-*C, TSKC, TSKD

Choose the coupling arrangement required

to suit the application
STANDARD SPACER COUPLINGS
MHSS, MODS
L Series, TSKS, TLKS,
TSJE; TLJE; TTJE

MINIMUM OVERHUNG MASS

TSGE, TLGE, TTGE
TSDE, TLDE, TTDE

Coupling size
From the appropriate catalogue select the coupling for the
calculated rating.
Always select a coupling with a higher rating:
eg.

Calculated rating: 211kW/1000rpm

Select:

TSKS 0230

Question 2
Electric Motor

to Screw Compressor

1500KW @ 3000 RPM

What is the rating?

Select a coupling

Answer to Question 2
Required Rating = kW x 1000 x SF
N
Rating kW/1000 rpm = 1500 x 1000 x 1.5
3,000

= 750 kW/1000 rpm

Select a TLKS-0750 or L081

SERVICE FACTOR for TRANSIENT

TORQUE
Standard couplings are suitable for transient torques as follows:

M-series
up to 3 times continuous rating.
TSK
up to 2.5 times continuous rating.
TLK
up to 2 times continuous rating.
High Performance up to 2 times continuous rating.

To calculate the required coupling rating for Transient torque

Required Rating = Transient torque/f
where f is the factor given above

Example: Generator drive has a transient torque of 7 x nominal rating.

For TLKS selection the minimum service factor is
7 / 2 = 3.5

Question 3
Steam Turbine to Generation set through a 3:1 ratio

Steam Turbine 5MW @ 5400rpm

Generator set 5 x Continuous torque

Select gearbox to generator coupling

Answer to Question 3
Steam turbine 5MW @ 5400rpm = 5000kW @ 5400rpm
Generator 5000kW @ 5400/3 = 1800rpm
Steady duty SF generator = 1.5
Prime Mover, steam turbine = no change BUT
Gearbox present so minimum SF = 1.25
Required Steady service factor = 1.5

Answer to Question 3
Generator Transient torque = 5 x steady torque
TLKS coupling transient capacity = 2 x rating
Required Transient service factor = 5 / 2 which gives
worst case is TF = 2.5
Required Rating
Rating kW/1000 rpm

= kW x 1000 x SF
N
= 5,000 x 1000 x 2.5
1,800
= 6944 kW/1000rpm (for transients)

Need TLKS- 8500

Additional checks
Speed
Check that the application maximum speed is within the
permitted range for the coupling.

Dimension
Check that the hub maximum bore is adequate for each
shaft. Use a large hub or use a larger coupling if
necessary.
Check that the shaft end separation [DBSE] is acceptable
for the design chosen.

Coupling Selection

Shaft end types

Cylindrical (Straight) with key
W
Key height
Keyway height
(shaft)

Keyway height
(hub)

Coupling Selection

Shaft end type

Conical (Tapered) with key

Key details
Size
Parallel to taper or
centerline

Taper

Required counter bore

or across corners of
shaft nut

(Ratio, in/ft or degree)

Question 4
Electric Motor to Centrifugal Pump
Motor shaft - Parallel B + K
Pump shaft - Taper B + K Dia 36 @ large end
Shaft end separation 100mm
Power absorbed by pump 17KW
Motor Speed 2980
Selection + Assumptions made + Limitations

Answer to Question 4
Duty Conditions
17kW @ 2980rpm; DBSE =100:
Is pump centrifugal? If so assume SF = 1
Rating kW/1000 rpm

= 17 x 1000 x 1.0

= 5.7 kW/1000 rpm

2,980
Select either
>> MHSS-0006 or L001 or TSKS-0013
Pump shaft diameter = 36 mm taper OK for TSK and MHS, but L series
Re-select L003
Motor shaft diameter = ??
Clarify requirement.

STATE maximum for selection

Question 5
Motor 1500KW @1500 rpm 220 shaft

Gearbox 2.6 : 1 increasing, motor side 200 mm diameter

145mm pump side.
DBSE 200mm motor side, 140mm DBSE pump side
AP1 610 Select High speed coupling

Answer to Question 5
Motor 1500kW at 1500rpm
Gearbox increasing pump speed to 1500 x 2.6 = 3900rpm
Shaft diameter GearBox(driver) = 145 mm

Pump shaft diameter = 140 mm

DBSE = 200mm

1500 x 1000 x 1.25

3900
TLKS-0750-0078-2000

Coupling Selection

Special requirements
Required Misalignment

Axial Misalignment (in / mm)

Angular deflection deg
Parallel Offset (in / mm)

Industrial or Customer specifications apply?

(API 610, API 671, etc.)

Is this a new or retrofit application?

If retrofit, obtain mass elastic data of original coupling

Enquiry form
PLEASE SUPPLY DIMENSIONS USING CORRECT SKETCH: Shaft Length

John Crane UK Ltd

Sales and Service Division
Nash Road, Trafford Park,
Manchester. M17 1SS.
Tel: 0161 872 2484
Fax: 0161 886 6335 or 5910

Shaft Length

METASTREAM COUPLING ENQUIRY

B&K
(driver)

TAPER KEY DETAILS

Parallel To Axis
Parallel To Bore

D.B.S.E

DRIVER
END

DRIVEN
END

Shaft Length

PLANT / CONTRACT REF:

B&K
(driven)

TAPER KEY DETAILS

Parallel To Axis
Parallel To Bore

Tol

B&K
(driver / driven)

Shaft Length

DRIVER / DRIVEN
END

Recess Diameter

E.MAIL
DRIVEN MACHINE:
kW / HP

SHAFT END SEPARATION (DBSE)

mm / in
AMBIENT
-15oC to + 150oC
TEMPERATURE
IF NO - PLEASE SPECIFY

Recess Depth
DRIVER / DRIVEN
END

DATE:
PHONE:

DRIVER RATING:

Recess Diameter

B&K
(driver / driven)
TAPER BORE DETAILS
End: Large / Small
Shaft:
Tol
Taper Angle:

CONTACT:
FAX:
SELECTION DATA
DRIVING MACHINE:

Shaft Length

D.B.S.E

ENQUIRY REF:

Tol

Tol

CUSTOMER:

Shaft Length

TAPER KEY DETAILS

Parallel To Axis
Parallel To Bore

Recess Diameter

DUTY SPEED:

rpm

SERVICE: (e.g. cooling water pump)

YES
/ oF

NO

oC

APPLICABLE
SPECIFICATION

API 610
API 671
NONE
IF API 610 OR 671 PLEASE SPECIFY EDITION:
OTHERS (PLEASE SPECIFY)
PREFERRED COUPLING TYPE
OPTIONAL FEATURES (PLEASE TICK). PLEASE SPECIFY BALANCE GRADE IN BOX GIVEN
TAPPED PULLER HOLES
PROFILED HUBS
AXIAL ADJUSTMENT
INSULATED
SPARK RESISTANT
LIMITED END FLOAT
TRIM BALANCE HOLES
BALANCED
BALANCE GRADE G
TRANSMISSION BALANCE
HUB BALANCE
ASSEMBLY BALANCE
TORSIONAL TUNING
SHEAR PIN FEATURE
VERTICAL
REMARKS

D.B.S.E

B&K
(driver)
TAPER BORE DETAILS
End: Large / Small
Shaft:
Tol
Taper Angle:

Recess Depth
DRIVER
END

Recess Depth

DRIVEN
END

B&K
(driven)
TAPER BORE DETAILS
End: Large / Small
Shaft: T ol
Taper Angle:

COUPLING
SELECTION
ORIGINATOR:

TYPE

SIZE

FEATURES
DATE:

D.B.S.E.

Selection Software

Selection Software