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Fuzzy System

The document discusses fuzzy systems and fuzzy logic. It provides an overview of fuzzy sets and how they allow for partial set membership compared to crisp sets. It also discusses fuzzy expert systems, including how they are built by specifying linguistic variables, determining membership functions, eliciting fuzzy rules, and encoding the system. Common applications of fuzzy logic and fuzzy expert systems include areas like industrial control, medical diagnosis, and more. Journals on fuzzy systems are listed for finding related research.

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Nouran M. Radwan
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2K views

Fuzzy System

The document discusses fuzzy systems and fuzzy logic. It provides an overview of fuzzy sets and how they allow for partial set membership compared to crisp sets. It also discusses fuzzy expert systems, including how they are built by specifying linguistic variables, determining membership functions, eliciting fuzzy rules, and encoding the system. Common applications of fuzzy logic and fuzzy expert systems include areas like industrial control, medical diagnosis, and more. Journals on fuzzy systems are listed for finding related research.

Uploaded by

Nouran M. Radwan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Fuzzy Systems

Nouran M. Radwan
Assistant lecturer at Sadat Academy

Agenda

Fuzzy logic
Fuzzy Sets
Crisp and Fuzzy Sets
Experts are vague
Fuzzy Expert Systems
Fuzzy Rules

Fuzzy Logic
Applications
Fuzzy Expert System
Applications
Journals of Fuzzy to
find Researches

Fuzzy

Fuzzy Logic
Fuzzy logic is based on the idea of varying
degrees of truth.
Computers can apply this logic to
represent vague and imprecise ideas, such
as temperature, height, speed, distance,
beauty all come on a sliding scale.
The motor is running really hot.

The basic idea of the fuzzy set theory is


that an element belongs to a fuzzy set
with a certain degree of membership.

Fuzzy Sets

Crisp and Fuzzy Sets


Degree of
Membership
1.0

Crisp Sets

A man who is 184 cm tall is a


Short
Short
Tall
0.8
member
of theAverage
average men
Tall Menset
0.6
with a degree of membership of
0.4
0.1, and at the same time, he is also
0.2
a member of the tall men set with a
0.0
150
160
170
180
190
200
210
degree of 0.4.
Height, cm
Degree of
Membership
1.0

Short

Tall

Average

0.4
Tall

0.2
0.0
150

Fuzzy Sets

0.8
0.6

160

170

180

190

200

210

Tall men
={0/180,
0.5/185, 1/190}
Average men
={0/165, 1/175,
0/185}
Short men
={1/160,
0.5/165, 0/170}

To design an expert system a major task is to codify


the experts decision-making process.
In a domain there may be precise, scientific tests
and measurements. Some of the decisions could be
done using traditional logic.
But others are Fuzzy. Fuzzy systems afford a broader,
richer field of data and manipulations than do more
traditional methods.

Fuzzy Expert
Systems

Fuzzy Expert System


A fuzzy expert system is an expert
system that uses fuzzy logic instead
of crisp logic.
A fuzzy expert system is a collection
of membership functions and rules
that are used to reason about data.

Building a Fuzzy Expert system


1.

2.
3.

4.

5.

Specify the problem and define linguistic


variables.
Determine fuzzy sets and Membership function.
Elicit and Construct Fuzzy rules.
Encode the fuzzy sets, fuzzy rules and
procedures to perform fuzzy inference into the
expert system.
Evaluate and tune the system.

Fuzzy Rules
In 1973, Lotfi Zadeh presented a new
approach to analysis of complex systems.
He suggested capturing human
knowledge in fuzzy rules.

What is the difference


between Crisp and Fuzzy
rules?

Fuzzy Rules
Crisp IF-THEN rule
Rule: 1
IF speed is > 100 THEN stopping_distance is long
Rule: 2
IF speed is < 40 THEN stopping_distance is short
Fuzzy IF-THEN rule
Rule: 1
IF speed is fast THEN stopping_distance is long
Rule: 2
IF speed is slow THEN stopping_distance is short

In fuzzy expert systems, linguistic


variables are used in fuzzy rules

IF wind is strong THEN sailing is good.


IF project duration is long THEN
completion risk is high.
IF speed is slow THEN stopping
distance is short.

Fuzzy Rules
A fuzzy rule can have multiple antecedents
IF project_duration is long AND project_staffing
is large AND project_funding is inadequate
THEN risk is high.
IF service is excellent OR food is delicious
THEN tip is generous.

The consequent can include multiple parts

IF temperature is hot THEN hot_water is


reduced; cold_water is increased.

Fuzzy Expert System


Crisp Input

Fuzzification

Input Membership
Functions

Fuzzy Input
Rule Evaluation

Rules / Inferences

Fuzzy Output

Defuzzification
Crisp Output

Output Membership
Functions

Fuzzification
In the process of fuzzification,

Membership functions are defined.


Mapping the crisp inputs to fuzzy set
values from 0 to 1 using a set of input
membership functions.

Inference
In the process of inference,
Degree of Support of each rule is
computed.
Fuzzy inference is the process of applying
reasoning to compute fuzzy outputs.
Fuzzy inference is a decision making unit
where testing of all of the rules in a fuzzy
rules are performed and integrated to
make a decision.

Defuzzification
In the process of defuzzification,
Convert the fuzzy value obtained from
composition into a crisp value.
This process is often complex since the
fuzzy set might not translate directly into a
crisp value.

Fuzzy logic
Applications

Fuzzy Logic Applications


Aerospace
Control of spacecraft, satellite and aircraft.
Defense
Automatic target recognition of thermal infrared
images, naval decision support aids, fuzzy set
modeling of NATO decision making.
Electronics
Control of automatic exposure in video cameras,
air conditioning systems, microwave ovens.

Fuzzy Logic Applications


Marine
Autopilot for ships, optimal route selection,
control of autonomous underwater vehicles, ship
steering.
Robotics
Fuzzy control for flexible-link manipulators, robot
arm control.
Securities
Decision systems for securities trading.

Fuzzy Logic Applications


Business
Decision-making support systems, personnel
evaluation in a large company.
Financial
Banknote transfer control, fund management,
stock market predictions.
Manufacturing
Optimization of cheese production.

Fuzzy Logic Applications


Industrial
Quantitative pattern analysis for industrial
quality assurance, control of water purification
plants.
Medical
Medical diagnostic support system, control of
arterial pressure during anesthesia, modeling
of neuropathological findings in Alzheimer's
patients, radiology diagnoses.

Fuzzy Expert Systems


Applications

Fuzzy Expert System


Applications
Human Disease Diagnosis Using a Fuzzy
Expert System [2010]
Mir Anamul Hasan et al. make a comparative
analysis to identify which symptoms are
major symptoms for particular diseases,
which will be used to diagnosis by the fuzzy
expert system.
User has to answer some question that based
on the knowledge on the basis of IF-THEN
rule of the expert system.

Fuzzy Expert System


Applications
Application of Expert System with Fuzzy
Logic in Teachers Performance Evaluation
[2011]
Abdur Rashid Khan et al. extract a set of 99
attributes that are ranked according to its
effect on the teacher performance.
By using IF-THEN rule the teachers
performance is either ranked high, very high
etc.

Fuzzy Expert System


Applications
Fuzzy Expert System for Diabetes using
Fuzzy Verdict Mechanism [2011]
M. Kalpana et al. select five attributes
according to the American Diabetes
Association & OGTT five attributes as the
input fuzzy variables of the adopted fuzzy
rule-based inference system.
The proposed fuzzy expert system
implemented with the MATLAB.

Fuzzy Expert System


Applications
Fuzzy Knowledge based for Tropical Infectious
Disease Diagnosis[2012]
Putu Manik Prihatini et al. make a knowledge
acquisition which is obtained for the seven
diseases, and 22 symptoms.
They use SQLyog community edition to build
knowledge base, Macromedia Dreamweaver
8 with PHP and java script to build the
application and CSS to design the interface.

Fuzzy Expert System


Applications
A Novel Web-based Human Advisor Fuzzy
Expert System [2013] Vahid Rafe and Mahdi.
User selects the type of advisory service and
enters crisp data, then system asks the
question related to the problem.
CHA translates the user input to linguistic
variables, makes the fuzzy rule and generate
the fuzzy answer then fuzzy answer are
deffuzzified to crisp output and is reported to
user.

Researches

Advances in Fuzzy Systems


http://www.hindawi.com/journals/afs/2014/
Advances in Fuzzy Systems is an
international journal which
aims to help promote the
advances in the development
and practice of fuzzy system
technologies in the areas of
engineering, management,
medical, economic,
environmental, and societal
problems.

Fuzzy Sets and Systems


http://www.journals.elsevier.com/fuzzy-setsand-systems/

Fuzzy Information and Engineering


http://www.journals.elsevier.com/fuzzyinformation-and-engineering/

Iranian Journal of Fuzzy Systems


http://ijfs.usb.ac.ir/

Journal Intelligent and


Fuzzy Systems
http://www.iospress.nl/journal/journal-ofintelligent-fuzzy-systems/

Negnevitsky, M. (2005). Artificial


intelligence: a guide to intelligent systems.
Pearson Education.
Baghel, A., & Sharma, T. (2013). Survey on
Fuzzy Expert System. International Journal
of Emerging Technology and Advanced
Engineering,Volume 3, Issue 12,
www.ijetae.com.

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