Scribd
Upload
33 views

PowerPoint Energy Access Paper

1) Access to electricity and modern fuels is still low in developing countries, especially in LDCs and sub-Saharan Africa, where over 70% and 80% of populations respectively lack access. 2) Two million deaths per year are associated with indoor air pollution from solid fuels used for cooking and heating. Children and women are disproportionately affected. 3) Achieving universal energy access will require providing 1.2 billion more people with electricity and 1.9 billion more with modern fuels by 2015 to meet MDG targets.

Uploaded by

Detlef Loy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
33 views

PowerPoint Energy Access Paper

1) Access to electricity and modern fuels is still low in developing countries, especially in LDCs and sub-Saharan Africa, where over 70% and 80% of populations respectively lack access. 2) Two million deaths per year are associated with indoor air pollution from solid fuels used for cooking and heating. Children and women are disproportionately affected. 3) Achieving universal energy access will require providing 1.2 billion more people with electricity and 1.9 billion more with modern fuels by 2015 to meet MDG targets.

Uploaded by

Detlef Loy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 20

THE ENERGY ACCESS SITUATION

IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

A Review Focusing on the


Least Developed Countries
and sub-Saharan Africa

November 2009
Sustainable Energy Programme
Environment and Energy Group

Purpose
This report is aimed at drawing attention to the energy
access situation in developing countries
Access to electricity and modern fuels in the Least Developed
Countries (LDCs) and sub-Saharan Africa (SSA)
Fuels and improved stoves used for cooking
in developing countries
Health impacts attributable to indoor air pollution
from household use of solid fuels
Developing countries with energy access targets
Energy access situation in 2015 under different scenarios

Methodology (1/2)
Data collection from current, publicly accessible documents, as
well as data made available from WHO and IEA (WEO 2009)

Indicators collected
Electricity
140
Developing
Countries

National
Rural
Urban

Modern fuels
Current access

Mechanical power

Target access
Cooking fuels
Improved cooking stoves

Estimates of energy access

Methodology (2/2)
Estimates of energy access in 2015 under 3 different scenarios
Base Case Scenario
National Energy Access Targets
Compatible Scenario
MDG
Compatible Scenario

The proportion of the population with


energy access remains the same as
currently
Energy targets set up in countries
are achieved
MDG-related targets for energy
access are achieved

Diseases from the widespread use of solid fuels expressed in 2 ways


Premature Deaths
Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs)

Data availability

Number of countries with available data on energy access


Number of countries with available data on energy access rates
(national level)

Energy access situation in LDCs and SSA


Population without access to electricity
In developing countries: 1.5 billion people*

28% of the population

In LDCs: 824 million people

79% of the population

In SSA: 777 million people

74% of the population

Share of population without electricity


access in rural and urban areas, 2008

10% of the urban population lack access to


electricity, compared to 41% of the rural
population

* World Energy Outlook 2009, OECD/IEA 2009

Energy access situation in LDCs and SSA

Share of people without electricity access for developing countries, 2008

Energy access situation in LDCs and SSA


Population with access to modern fuels
Share of population with access to
modern fuels in LDCs and SSA, 2007

More than 40% of people rely on modern fuels in


developed countries, but only 9 % in LDCs and 17%
in SSA
Share of population with access to
modern fuels in rural and urban
areas, 2007

There is a large gap between access to modern


fuels in rural and urban areas

Energy access situation in LDCs and SSA

Share of population without access to modern fuels for developing countries, 2007

Fuels used for cooking in developing countries


Population primarily relying on solid fuels for cooking
In developing countries: 3 billion people

56% of the population

In LDCs: 715 million people

89% of the population

In SSA: 620 million people

82% of the population

Regional distribution of people relying on


solid fuels for cooking, 2007

Sub-Saharan Africa accounts for more than 20%


of people relying on solid fuels as their primary
cooking fuel

Fuels used for cooking in developing countries


Share of population in developing countries relying
on different types of cooking fuels, 2007

The majority of people use either wood


or gas as their primary fuel for cooking
in developing countries

Share of population relying on different types of cooking fuels in


LDCs and SSA, 2007

Some 70% of people in LDCs


and SSA rely on wood and its
by-products as primary
cooking fuel

Improved Cooking Stoves in developing countries


Population relying on solid fuels with access to ICSs
In developing countries: 830 million people

27% of the population


relying on solid fuels

In LDCs: 44 million people

6% of the population
relying on solid fuels

In SSA: 33 million people

6% of the population
relying on solid fuels

Distribution of people with access to


ICSs by developing regions, 2007

More than 2/3 of people who use ICSs for cooking


live in China, while sub-Saharan Africa, where more
than 80% of people rely on solid fuels, accounts for
only 4% of people using ICSs

Health impacts of household energy use


Burden of disease attributable to indoor smoke from solid fuels:
almost 2 million premature deaths per year
In developing countries: 1.94 million deaths
In LDCs: 577'000 deaths
In SSA: 551'000 deaths
In developing countries
44% of the deaths are from pneumonia in
children under 5 years
54% from chronic obstructive pulmonary
diseases (COPD) in adults
2% from lung cancer in adults (as a result
of coal use)

Globally, women are more


affected than men

99.2% of all deaths


attributable to solid fuels
29% of all deaths
attributable to solid fuels
28% of all deaths
attributable to solid fuels

Share by gender of COPD and lung


cancer deaths attributable to solid fuel
use in adults >30 year

Health impacts of household energy use


DALYs attributable to indoor air pollution from solid fuel use
Number of Disability-Adjusted Life Years per 1000 capita, for the year 2004

The burden of disease attributable to solid fuel use, as measured by DALYs, is


particularly concentrated in sub-Saharan Africa

Developing countries with energy access targets


Share of countries with electricity access
targets by region, 2008

Almost half of developing countries (68 of 140)


have established targets for access to electricity

Share of countries with


targets on access to modern
fuels by region, 2007

In contrast, very few countries


have set targets for access to
modern fuels (17 countries)

And even fewer countries have set


targets for access to improved
cooking stoves (11 countries)

Share of countries with


targets on access to ICS by
region, 2008

Energy access in 2015 under different scenarios


Achieving MDG-Compatible Scenario or National Targets-Compatible Scenario for
electricity access will require providing access to about 1.2 billion additional
people in developing countries by 2015
Electricity access

Electricity access in developing countries will


rise from 72% at present to 86% in 2015 if national or
MDG-related electricity access targets are to be met

In LDCs, electricity access would rise from 23% at


present to 61% in 2015 if MDG-related electricity access
targets are to be met

In SSA, electricity access would rise from 27% at


present to 64% in 2015 if MDG-related electricity targets
are to be met

Energy access in 2015 under different scenarios

Achieving MDG-Compatible Scenario will require providing access to


modern fuels to 1.9 billion additional people by 2015
Modern fuels access

Access to modern fuels in developing countries will rise


from 42% at present to 71% in 2015 if MDG-related
modern fuels targets are to be met

In LDCs, access to modern fuels will rise from 9% at


present to 55% in 2015 if MDG-related modern fuels
targets are to be met
In SSA, access to modern fuels will rise from 17% at
present to 58% in 2015 if MDG-related modern fuels
targets are to be met

Key messages (1/3)


Access to modern energy services is still low in developing countries and
this lack of access disproportionately affects LDCs and SSA
Three billion people, i.e. almost half of humanity, rely on solid fuels
traditional biomass and coal as the available modern energy services
fail to meet their needs.
More than 80% of people in LDCs and SSA primarily rely on solid fuels, compared
to 56% of those in developing countries as a whole.

Two million deaths per annum are associated with the burning of solid
fuels indoors in unventilated kitchens.
Children bear 44 percent of this toll, and among adults women bear 60 percent of
the burden.

Access to Improved Cooking Stoves is very limited.


Less than 7% of people who rely on solid fuels in LDCs and SSA use ICS
compared to 27% of people in developing countries as a whole.

Almost a quarter of the worlds population still lives in darkness; over


80% of them in South Asia and SSA.
More than 70% of people in LDCs and SSA lack access to electricity, compared to
28% of those in developing countries as a whole.

Key messages (2/3)

Developing countries lag far behind in expanding access to modern


energy services to accelerate achievement of the Millennium
Development Goals

Out of 140 developing countries, 68 countries have established


targets for access to electricity, but only 17 countries for access to
modern fuels and 5 countries for access to mechanical power.
Almost 1.2 billion additional people will need access to electricity
and 1.9 billion people will need access to modern fuels by 2015 if the
goal of halving the proportion of people living in poverty (MDG 1) is
to be met.

Key messages (3/3)


For universal energy access to be achieved, the global development
community must take specific and far-reaching measures to massively
upscale initiatives to expand access to modern energy services for the
poor and un-served.
Continued efforts are required to improve the quantity and quality of
statistical information related to energy access.
Greater broad-based efforts are needed to expand access to modern
energy services, especially for cooking and heating services, as well
as to mechanical power in rural and remote areas.
Setting targets is a necessary step to provide a framework for
tracking progress and accountability. These targets must be part of
viable energy strategies, if they are to be realized.
Unless massive efforts are made to expand the range, quality, and
quantity of energy services available to the poor, countries are
unlikely to achieve their development aspirations.

You might also like