WELCOME TO NOKIA SIEMENS NETWORK

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Nokia Siemens Networks

Date;20/06/2009

Dept: National Core Team

Indian BASIC Telephony Structure

SDCA:

SDCA, or Short Distance Charging Area, is a fundamental concept in Indian Telephony. In general, an SDCA is the area covered by an
In this line of thought, wherever you might be, the area around that you can reach by usual local dialling would be your SDCA.
LDCA
SDCAs are grouped together into areas called LDCAs, Long Distance Charging Areas.
Circle
LDCAs are grouped into Circles. Circles are very much aligned with the states of India.
However, many of the smaller states are clustered into one circle (eg. Goa is in the Maharashtra circle, Chhattisgarh in M.P.
and Jharkhand in Bihar circles). Also, some of the larger states are broken into a couple of circles.
(eg. Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra ,Tamil Nadu , West Bengal).

Indian Basic/MOBILE Telephony POI Architecture

There three types of POI
Local POI :To terminate local call (SDCA) to local POI
NLD POI(L-2 TAX): To terminate the NLD (circle) Call
L-1 TAX /ILD POI: To terminate International & National Calls

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Nokia Siemens Networks

Date;20/06/2009

Dept: National Core Team

MTP Routing Message (MSU)Format in CC7

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Nokia Siemens Networks

Date;20/06/2009

Dept: National Core Team

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Nokia Siemens Networks

Date;20/06/2009

Dept: National Core Team

Call Routing
SCCP Routing
In SCCP routing, the MTP layer 3 already contains the information in the SIO field, that the message is for
SCCP layer (i.e the SCCP layer is to be used for the final routing of the message).
This is indicated by the value of 0011 in SI field the rest of the Information
(e.g Global Title, Translation Table etc) for the routing is available in the SCCP layer.
In the SCCP layer, the routing is based on the Called Party Indicator.
in which RI (Routing Indicator) bit will tell that the message is to be routed on SSN
(Sub System Number) or GTI (Global Title Indicator). If RI is 0, then it indicates: route on GTI,
else it indicates route based on the value of SSN.

Translation Type
Numbering plan

GT =
O/E

Encoding Scheme

Nature of Address
information

Address information

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Nokia Siemens Networks

Date;20/06/2009

Dept: National Core Team

SCCP Routing Message Format in CC7

When RI is "1", GTI will be populated with "0".

With GTI there can be four type of routing, they are explained below:
GTI = 1
If the value in the 4 bit GTI indicator is 1(0001), then the translation is to be performed based on the
Nature of Address field.
GTI = 2
If the value in the 4 bit GTI indicator is 1(0010), then the translation is to be performed based on the
Translation Type field.
GTI = 3
If the value in the 4 bit GTI indicator is 1(0011), then the translation is to be performed considering all the three fields:
Numbering Plan, Translation Type and Encoding Scheme .
GTI = 4
If the value in the 4 bit GTI indicator is 1(0100) then the translation is to be performed based on the
Numbering Plan, Encoding Scheme, Nature of Address and Translation Type fields.

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Nokia Siemens Networks

Date;20/06/2009

Dept: National Core Team

Various Number Definition In mobile Network:

1) IMSI (International Mobile Subscriber Identity):
IMSI (E.212) = MCC (E.212) + MNC (E.212) + MSIN (E.212)
MCC = Mobile Country Code(3 digit)
MNC = Mobile Network Code(2 or 3 Digit)
MSIN = Mobile Subscriber identification Number(9 or10 Digit)
Ex: 405+05+1234567890

2) MSISDN (Mobile Subscribers ISDN number):

MSISDN (E.164) = CC (E.164) + NDC (E.164) + SN (E.164)
CC = Country Code(2digit)
NDC = National Destination Code(4 digit)
SN = Subscriber Number(6 digit)
EX: 91+9015+123456

3) MGT (Mobile Global Title):

The MGT complies with the GSM 03.03 and the CCITT E.214.
MGT (E.214) = CC(E.164) + NDC(E.164)
Ex:91+90151

4) MSRN No.(Mobile Subscriber Roaming No.)

MSRN No. = CC + NDC + S.No.
CC = Country Code
NDC = National Destination Code
SN = Subscriber Number

5) LAI (Location Area Identity)

LAI = MCC + NMC + LAC
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MCC
= Country
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Nokia
Siemens
Networks

Code(3digit)
Date;20/06/2009

NDC = National Mobile Code(2or3digit)

LAC= Location Area Code(2 Octects)

Dept: National Core Team

HLR

SMSC

Network Architecture of Mobile Operator Delhi Circle

Date;20/06/2009

MSC

MSC

GMSC

STP

VMS

NI

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Dept: National Core Team

GMSC Architecture of Mobile Operator

GMS
C
Guj rat

GMSC

GMSCDelhi

Date;20/06/2009

MSC

MSC
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Nokia Siemens Networks

GMSCKolkata

GMSCMumbai

SC b
M
G nja
Pu

Dept: National Core Team

GMSCVodafone

GMSC-POI Architecture of Mobile Operator

MTNLTAX

GMSCAirtel
Date;20/06/2009

MSC

MSC
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Nokia Siemens Networks

GMSC-IDEA

GMSCTATA

SC e
c
M
G lian
Re

Dept: National Core Team

Call flow for Authentication

a) Authentication at Location Update

MSC/VLR

MS

Location_ Update

HLR

MAP_SEND_AUTHENTICATION_INFO

Map _send_ authentication _ack

AUTHENTICATION_REQUEST(
RAND)
AUTHENTICATION_RESPONSE
(SRES)

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Nokia Siemens Networks

Date;20/06/2009

Dept: National Core Team

Authentication Contd.

Authentication can be activated by any type of attempt to establish a connection between the mobile station and the Networ
The authentication procedure is performed between the Visitor Location Register (VLR) and the mobile station through
the Base Station Subsystem (BSS).
The role of the AUC is to store authentication data that is( IMSI, Ki, A3, and A8) and to generate the triplets and to send
the triplets to the VLR.
A triplet is a set of three numbers: the random number (RAND), the signed response (SRES), and the ciphering key (Kc).
VLR send a Random No. and Cipher key(Kc)
On that basis MS used that Random No. , Ki andA-3 Algorithem and generate the SRES which is sent to VLR.
Then VLR Compare this SRES value with SRES value which sent by AUC if it is Same then authenication completed
MS is regeistered in network.

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Nokia Siemens Networks

Date;20/06/2009

Dept: National Core Team

Authentication
location update
location update with new visitor Area
periodic location update
mobile-originated call
mobile-terminated call
mobile-originated short message
mobile-terminated short message
supplementary service operation
mobile-terminated USSD
IMSI attach
Authentication relies on the triple parameters.
The triple consists of three parameters: a random number (RAND), a signed response (SRES),
and a Cipher key (Kc).
RAND is randomly selected each time a triple has to be created.
SRES is used to perform the actual authentication of the mobile subscriber. It is computed from input
parameters Ki and RAND, using cryptographic algorithm A3.
Ki is Authentication Key
Ki+RAND----A3 Algo.-------------SRES
Ki+RAND----A8 Algo.--------------Kc (Cipher Key)

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Nokia Siemens Networks

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Dept: National Core Team

GSM Call Flows

TEST CASE (1A)(Post Paid Subscriber) & Pre-Paid Voice Calls Scenario :
1.

Intra Circle GSM MOBILE ORIGINATED Call on Same Operator.

2.

Inter Circle GSM MOBILE ORIGINATED Call on Same Operator.

3.

Intra Circle GSM MOBILE ORIGINATED AND TERMINATED Call on other GSM/CDMA Operator.

4.

Inter Circle GSM MOBILE ORIGINATED AND TERMINATED Call on other GSM/CDMA Operator.

TEST CASE (1B)Call Forward Scenario (Post Paid Subscriber)

A-party Call to B-party but B-party call forward to C-No. on Same Circle own or other Network
a) Unconditional forwarding
b) Call Forward No response
C) Call Forward Not reachable
TEST CASE (1C)(Post Paid Subscriber) & Pre-Paid Roaming Voice Call Scenario:
1.

A-Party (Home Location) call to B-party who is roaming other circle.

2.

A-party in roaming and call to B-party who is also roaming other circle.

TEST CASE (1C)(Post Paid Subscriber) & Pre-Paid Roaming SMS Call Scenario:
1.

SMS origination and termination on Same Technology (GSM)Operator Network

2.

SMS Originated from GSM Network and Termination on CDMA Network.

TEST CASE (1D)(Post Paid & Prepaid Roaming GPRS call Scenario) :
TEST CASE (1E)(CRBT call Scenario) :
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Nokia Siemens Networks

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Dept: National Core Team

Voice Call Flow Diagram (Local call to Same GSM Operator).

MS-A
Air-tel

H-MSC/GMSC

Call Origination.

STP

SRI Dialed Digit

S-MSC

HLR

MS-B
Air-Tel

PRN(MSRN No.) Dialed Digit

PRN_ Ack (MSRN No.)

SRI Ack

IAM(MSRN)
ACM

Page to B-Subscriber
Page response

B-Party Answer
ANM

Voice Path Establish

REL
RLC
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Nokia Siemens Networks

Date;20/06/2009

Dept: National Core Team

Voice Call Flow Diagram (NLD-Call to Same operator Call)

A Subscriber in Delhi Home_ Location.
B-Subscriber in Mumbai Home_ Location
A Subscriber Call to B Subscriber

MS-A

S-MSC Airtel (Del)

Call Origination.

GMSC_ Mumbai

GMSC _Del

IAM

STP
IAM

HLR

S-MSC (Airtel)

MS-B

SRI Dialed Digit

PRN(MSRN No.) Dialed Digit
SRI Ack (MSRN)PRN_ Ack (MSRN No.)
IAM(MSRN)
Page to B-Subscriber
Page response

ACM
ACM
ACM

B-Party Answer
ANM

ANM

ANM
Voice Path Establish

REL

REL

RLC
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Nokia Siemens Networks

RLC
Date;20/06/2009

B-Party on hook

REL
RLC
Dept: National Core Team

Voice Call Flow Diagram (Local-Call to Other operator Call)

MS-A

MSC/GMSC
Vodafone

Air-Tel
(POI)GMSC

Call Origination.
IAM

STP

SRI Dialed Digit

S-MSC (Air-Tel)

HLR

MS-B

PRN(MSRN No.) Dialed Digit

PRN_ Ack (MSRN No.)

SRI Ack

IAM(MSRN)
Page to B-Subscriber
Page response
ACM
ACM
B-Party Answer
ANM
ANM
Voice Path Establish

REL
RLC

REL
RLC
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Nokia Siemens Networks

Date;20/06/2009

Dept: National Core Team

Voice Call Flow Diagram (NLD-Call to Other operator )

Airtel Subscriber in Delhi Home_ Location.
Vodafone Subscriber in Mumbai Home_ Location
A Subscriber Call to B Subscriber
GMSC
Mumbai
S-MSC GMSC _Del
MS-A
Call Origination.

IAM

Vodafone
Network

GMSC_ Mumbai

IAM

IAM

HLR

S-MSC

MS-B

SRI Dialed Digit

PRN(MSRN No.) Dialed Digit
SRI Ack (MSRN)

PRN_ Ack (MSRN No.)

IAM(MSRN)

Airtel Network

Page to B-Subscriber
Page response

ACM
ACM
ACM

B-Party Answer

ACM
ANM

ANM

ANM
ANM

Voice Path Establish

REL
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Nokia Siemens Networks

RLC

REL
RLC
Date;20/06/2009

REL
RLC

B-Party on hook

REL
RLC
Dept: National Core Team

Voice Call Flow Diagram (Inter-Circle Call) When B Subscriber in Roaming

A & B Subscriber home Location is Delhi.
B Subscriber Roam to Mumbai

SRI (1)
(Dial Digit)

PRN(2)
PRN-Ack (MSRN) (3)

SRI_ Ack(4)
(MSRN)

IAM,ACM,ANM

MSC-S(B) Mumbai

/MS-A(9820145645)

Call Origination

HLR

Call Origination

MSC-Delhi

A Subscriber Call To B Subscriber

MS-B(9820145646)
Page to B-Subscriber
Page Response
B-party Answer

(ri
ng
)

AC
M

IA
M

RLS,RLC

ACM
ANM(CHG)

Voice Path

REL
RLC

G-MSC- Mumbai

GMSC-Delhii

IAM
ANM(CHG)
REL
RLC

Signaling Path
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Nokia Siemens Networks

Date;20/06/2009

Dept: National Core Team

Voice Call Flow Diagram (Inter-Circle Call) When A & B Subscriber in Roaming
A & B Subscriber home Location is Delhi but both went to Roaming in Different Circle
A went to Mumbai and B went to Kolkata
Call Origination

(Dial Digit)
SRI_ Ack

MSC-S(B) Kolkata

SRI

HLR

GMSCDelhi

A Subscriber Call To B Subscriber

PRN
PRN-Ack (MSRN)

(MSRN)
IAM,ACM,ANM

MS-B(9820145646)
Page to B-Subscriber
Page Response
B-party Answer

Voice Path

RLS,RLC

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Nokia Siemens Networks

IAM
ACM
ANM
RLS

GMSC-Mumbai

S-MSC-(A) Mumbai

MS-A(9820145645)

IAM
,

Call Origination

GMSC-S(B) Kolkata

IAM,ACM,ANM

AC
M,
RL
S,R ANM
LC

RLS,RLC

RLC

Date;20/06/2009

Dept: National Core Team

Voice Call Flow Diagram (Intra-Circle Call Forwarding): Unconditional

MS-A

H-MSC/GMSC

STP

MSC
MS_C

HLR

MS-C

Call Origination.
SRI Dialed Digit (B No.)
SRI ACK (Redirect C no.)
SRI Dialed Digit (C No)
PRN(MSRN No.) Dialed Digit
PRN_ Ack (MSRN No.)

SRI Ack (MSRN)

IAM(MSRN)

Page to B-Subscriber
Page response

ACM

B-Party Answer
ANM

Voice Path Establish

REL
RLC
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Nokia Siemens Networks

Date;20/06/2009

Dept: National Core Team

Voice Call Flow Diagram (Intra-Circle Call Forwarding): No Answer

MS-A

H-MSC/GMSC

STP

MSC
MS-B

HLR

MS-B

MSC MS-B
MS-C

Call Origination.
SRI Dialed Digit (B-Party MSISDN/A-Party MIN)
PRN(MSRN No.) Dialed Digit
SRI Ack (MSRN No)

PRN_ Ack {MSRN No. +Call Forward

C No .(NA)}
IAM(MSRN)
Page to B-Subscriber

ACM (Ringing)
No ANM(CPG_B Party Not Answer)
SRI Dialed Digit (C No)

Page response

PRN(MSRN No.) C No. Dialed Digit

PRN_ Ack (MSRN No.)
SRI Ack (MSRN No)

IAM(MSRN)

Page to
C-Subscriber
Page

ACM (Ringing)
ANM +CHG(B PARTY)

ANM

Voice Path Establish

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REL

REL

RLC

RLC
Dept: National Core Team

response

Voice Call Flow Diagram (Intra-Circle Call Forwarding): Not reachable

MS-A

H-MSC/GMSC

STP

ACM (Ringing)

HLR

MSC MSB

MS-B

MS-B

MSC
MS-C

Call Origination.
SRI Dialed Digit
(B-Party MSISDN & A-Party MIN)
SRI Ack (MSRN No)

PRN(MSRN No.) Dialed Digit

PRN_ Ack {MSRN No. +Call Forward

C No .(NA)}
IAM(MSRN)
Page to B-Subscriber
Page no response
SRI Dialed Digit (C No)

(Not Reachable)

PRN(MSRN No.) C No. Dialed Digit

PRN_ Ack (MSRN No.)
SRI Ack (MSRN No)

IAM(MSRN)

Page to
C-Subscriber
Page

ACM (Ringing)
ANM +CHG(B PARTY)

ANM
Voice Path Establish
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Nokia Siemens Networks

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REL

REL

RLC

RLC
Dept: National Core Team

response

GPRS Attach when Subscriber in Roaming.

BSC
MS

SGSN

H-MSC

S-MSC

HLR

GPRS ATTACH
TMSI,MNC,LAC
Authentication req.
Authentication Resp.
Identity Check.
Identity Check Resp. (IMEI)

IMEI Check Req,)

IMEI Check Resp,)
Location Update
Insert Subscriber data
Insert Subscriber data Ack.
Location Update Ack
Location Update Req.
Cancel Location
Cancel Location Ack

Location Update
Insert Subscriber data
Insert Subscriber data Ack.

Location Update Resp.

Location Update Ack

GPRS Attach Accept

GPRS Attach Complete
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Nokia Siemens Networks

Data Call Establish

Date;20/06/2009

Dept: National Core Team

GPRS Call Flow when Subscriber in Roaming. (To be Prepare)

BSC
MS

SGSN

HLR/
AUC

GGSN

GPRS ATTACH

S-MSC

TMSI,MNC,LAC
Authentication req.
Authentication Resp.
Identity Check.
Identity Check Resp. (IMEI)

IMEI Check Req,)

IMEI Check Resp,)
Location Update
Insert Subscriber data
Insert Subscriber data Ack.
Location Update Ack
Location Update Req.
Cancel Location
Cancel Location Ack

Location Update
Insert Subscriber data
Insert Subscriber data Ack.

Location Update Resp.

Location Update Ack

GPRS Attach Accept

GPRS Attach Complete
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Nokia Siemens Networks

Data Call Establish

Date;20/06/2009

Dept: National Core Team

SS-CODE based CRBT Services Call Flow Subscriber

MS-A

S-MSC/GMSC

CRBT-S

HLR

H-MSC

MS-B

Location Update B-Party

Location Update Resp. (SSCODE)
Call Origination.
SRI Dialed Digit

PRN(MSRN No.) Dialed Digit

PRN_ Ack (MSRN No.)

SRI Ack
IAM(MSRN)

Page to B-Subscriber
Page response

ACM
IAM
ACM
ANM

CRBT PLAY ANNOUNEMENT

B-Party Answer
ANM
REL
RLC

Voice Path Establish

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Nokia Siemens Networks

Date;20/06/2009

Dept: National Core Team

SMS Call Flow Diagram (GSM to GSM)

STP

MS-A
Air-tel
SMS Origination.

H-MSC

MSC-B
Air-Tel

HLR

SMSC

MS-A
Air-tel

MAP_MO_FORWARD_SM
MAP_ MO_FORWARD _
SM _Ack

SRI (Dialed Digit)

PRN(MSRN No.) Dialed Digit
SRI_ Ac k (MSRN No)

PRN_ Ack (MSRN No.)

MAP_MT_FORWARD_SM
Page to B-Subscriber

Page response

MAP_MT_FORWARD_SM _Ack

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Nokia Siemens Networks

Date;20/06/2009

Dept: National Core Team

SMS Call Flow Diagram (GSM to CDMA (To be Prepare)

RCOM- Network

Air-Tel Network

MS-A
Air-tel

STP

STP

H-MSC

SMS Origination.

SMSC

POI GMSC/
(STP)

POI

SMSC/HLR

/HLR

GMSC

MSCRCOM

MS-R
RCOM

MAP_MO_FORWARD_SM

MAP_ MO_FORWARD _
SM _Ack

MAP SRI _SM

MAP SRI _SM

MAP_SRI_SM Ac k
SMS Request_ Invoke
SMS Request_ response

SMDPP_MT
Page to B-Subscriber
Page response

Smdpp _ mt_rr

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Nokia Siemens Networks

Date;20/06/2009

Dept: National Core Team

NOW ENJOY!!!!!

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Nokia Siemens Networks

Date