Scribd
Upload
52 views

Obstructive and Inflammatory Disorders

This document discusses several obstructive and inflammatory disorders of the salivary glands. Sialolithiasis involves the formation of calcified obstructions within salivary ducts, usually causing intermittent swelling and pain. Bacterial sialadenitis is an infection of the salivary glands resulting from reduced secretions. Sialodochitis specifically refers to inflammation of the ductal system. Autoimmune sialadenitis is a group of disorders involving autoimmunity against the salivary glands, commonly causing dry mouth and eye symptoms. Imaging plays a role in diagnosing these conditions and evaluating disease stages and treatment involves removing obstructions or treating infections.

Uploaded by

Ahmad Karam
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
52 views

Obstructive and Inflammatory Disorders

This document discusses several obstructive and inflammatory disorders of the salivary glands. Sialolithiasis involves the formation of calcified obstructions within salivary ducts, usually causing intermittent swelling and pain. Bacterial sialadenitis is an infection of the salivary glands resulting from reduced secretions. Sialodochitis specifically refers to inflammation of the ductal system. Autoimmune sialadenitis is a group of disorders involving autoimmunity against the salivary glands, commonly causing dry mouth and eye symptoms. Imaging plays a role in diagnosing these conditions and evaluating disease stages and treatment involves removing obstructions or treating infections.

Uploaded by

Ahmad Karam
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 15

Obstructive And

Inflammatory Disorders

Ahmed Ali Salman Ahmed


20102050236

Sialolithiasis
Synonyms:

Calculus and salivary stones.


Diseases

mechanism:

Formation of calcified obstruction within the


salivary duct leading to infection.
Usually one gland is involved (mostly Wharton's
duct).
Clinical

features:

Intermittent swelling, pain with eating and signs


of infection.

Imaging

features:

Radiopaque or radiolucent depending on


degree of calcification.
Radiolucent appears as ductal filling void
and is referred as mucous plugs.
Radiopaque plain radiograph
radiolucent sialography
Sialography is not used if a radiopaque
stone has been shown in the distal
portion of the duct.

Sialogram

Occlusal film.

Posteroanterior
skull view of the
parotid

Lateral view

Posteroanterior
skull view of
sialogram

Lateral CBCT

Axial CBCT

Differential

diagnosis:

Phlebolith(has radiolucent centre).


Calcified lymph nodes(cauliflower
shape).
Tonsillar sialolith(multiple and inferior to
the occlusal plane).
Treatment:

sialagogues to stimulate secretion,


removed by surgery, total excision.

Bacterial sialadenitis
Synonyms:

Parotitis and submandibulitis.


Disease

mechanism:

Acute or chronic bacterial infection as a result of


reduced salivary secretions (mostly parotid).
Clinical

features:

Unilateral
acute phase(redness, swelling, tenderness,
malaise and expression of pus from saliva)
If not treated chronic phase(fibrosis and scar).

Imaging

features:

sialography is contraindicated in
acute phase why?
Treatment:

conservative(sialagogues, oral
hygiene, AB)
Not cured conservatively :excision

Contrast enhanced CT image


showing enlarged left parotid

Sialodochitis
Synonym:

Ductal sialadenitis.
Disease

mechanism and imaging features:

Inflammation of ductal system of salivary glands.


In chronic phases interstitial fibrosis leading to sausage
string appearance(alternating strictures and dilations)
Common in both parotid and submandibular salivary
glands
pic above.
Treatment:

Same as sialadenitis.

Autoimmune sialadenitis
Synonyms:

Myoepithelial sialadenitis, Autoimmune


sialosis, Benign lymphoepithelial lesion,
Sjogren syndrome
Disease

mechanism:

Group of disorders affect the salivary


gland and share an autosensetivity
(different developmental stages of the
same immunologic mechanisms)

Clinical

features:

Primary SS:
1. Xerostomia.
2. Exophthalmia

Secondary SS:
1. Xerostomia
2. Exophthalmia
3. CT disease
40-60 y.o.
90-95% female prevalence.

Imaging

features:

Sialography

is helpful in the diagnosis and


staging of autoimmune disorders.

Early

stage: globular sialectases(spherical


collections 1-2mm of contrast agent evenly
distributed throughout the gland, normal main
duct).

Conventional sialography,
lateral projection.

Late

stage: cavitary
sialectases(irregular collections>2mm
of contrast agent not uniformly
distributed throughout the gland,
dilatation of main duct).

End

stage: complete destruction of the

Treatment:

Xerostomia: salivary stimulants,


increase fluid intake.
Exophthalmia: artificial tears.
CT disease.

You might also like