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GPS System

GPS is a global navigation satellite system that provides location and time information to receivers anywhere on Earth. It consists of 24 operational satellites orbiting Earth twice per day at an altitude of about 12,600 miles. GPS was created and is operated by the US Department of Defense. Receivers use signals from multiple satellites to triangulate the user's position. GPS has many applications including vehicle navigation systems, mapping, and precision agriculture.

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Samir Alshaar
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2K views

GPS System

GPS is a global navigation satellite system that provides location and time information to receivers anywhere on Earth. It consists of 24 operational satellites orbiting Earth twice per day at an altitude of about 12,600 miles. GPS was created and is operated by the US Department of Defense. Receivers use signals from multiple satellites to triangulate the user's position. GPS has many applications including vehicle navigation systems, mapping, and precision agriculture.

Uploaded by

Samir Alshaar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Global

Positioning
System

INDEX

INTRODUCTION
HISTORY
STRUCTURE
APPLICATIONS
WORKING OF GPS
BASIC CONCEPTS OF GPS
SYSTEM SEGMENTATION
ERROR SOURCES
ANALYSIS
THE SIGNAL
CONCLUSION

INTRODUCTION
GPS is a revolutionary navigation system
24 satellites orbiting the earth
Provide location within metres or less anywhere on
the globe.
Now available in many cars as an option
Created and operated by the US Department of
Defense

HISTORY
Constellation of 27 satellites
(24 active + 3 spare)
Orbit 12,600 miles above earth
(10,900 nautical miles)
Satellites in 12 hour orbit
First satellite launched in 1978, 24th became operational
in 1994
Selective availability was removed in May, 2000
Handheld receivers are now much more accurate

STRUCTURE

Applications of GPS

In-vehicle Navigation (car, boat, airplane)


Asset Management
Construction
Geologic Research & Mining
Military Navigation and Operations
Mapping & Surveying
Precision Agriculture
Public Health
Public Safety
Wireless Communications

WORKING OF GPS
Measuring distance by measuring time
Satellites send coded signals indicating their position
in space and the exact time the signals are being sent
Receivers use the time it takes signal to travel from
satellite to receiver to determine distance from
satellite to receiver
Information from multiple satellites is used to
determine position through triangulation

WORKING OF GPS

BASIC CONCEPTS OF GPS


A GPS receiver's job is to locate four
or more satellites, figure out the
distance to each, and use this
information to deduce its own
location.
Hand-held receivers for recreational use
with accuracy of 10-15 metres
Vehicle mounted receivers for navigation
or agricultural use with accuracy of < 1
metre
Backpack or tripod mounted receivers for
surveying use with accuracy of 5 10
centimetres

BASIC CONCEPTS OF GPS


Receivers require clear line-of-sight; thus, they will not
work indoors or where tall objects obscure the sky

SYSTEM SEGMENTATION
The total GPS configuration is comprised of three distinct
segments
(1) The space segment-Satellites orbiting the Earth
(2) The control segment-Stations positioned on the Earths
equator to control the satellites.
(3) The user segment Anybody that receives and uses the
GPS signal.

ERROR SOURCES

Ionospheric and atmospheric delays


Satellite and Receiver clock errors
Dilution of precision
Multipath
Blenders

ANALYSIS

Number of visible satellites


Position dilution of precision
Satellite elevations
Multipath
Distance between space station and rover receivers

THE SIGNAL
A GPS Signal contains three different bits of information
(1).Pseudo random code
(2).Ephemeris data
(3).Almanac data

CON CLUSION
GPS was originally designed for military use at any
time, anywhere on the surface of the earth.
The civilians may also use GPS to marine navigation, car
navigation and surveying.

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