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Professional System in Québec: 24 January 2013

This document provides an overview of the professional system in Quebec and the role of engineering professional associations. It discusses that Quebec has a unique professional system where professions are self-governing but not completely independent from government oversight. The system is organized through various bodies like professional orders, the Office of Professions of Quebec and the Interprofessional Council. It also describes the legal basis of the professional system through the Professional Code. Specifically, it outlines the role and functions of the Ordre des ingénieurs du Québec (OIQ) as the professional order that regulates engineers in Quebec.

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61 views

Professional System in Québec: 24 January 2013

This document provides an overview of the professional system in Quebec and the role of engineering professional associations. It discusses that Quebec has a unique professional system where professions are self-governing but not completely independent from government oversight. The system is organized through various bodies like professional orders, the Office of Professions of Quebec and the Interprofessional Council. It also describes the legal basis of the professional system through the Professional Code. Specifically, it outlines the role and functions of the Ordre des ingénieurs du Québec (OIQ) as the professional order that regulates engineers in Quebec.

Uploaded by

thomas
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 29

PROFESSIONAL SYSTEM IN QUBEC

24 January 2013

How is the System Organized


Why a Professional System
Evolution of Quebec case
OIQ

Attributes of a Professional

Skills formalized
education or training

Judgement requires
exercising discretion

Membership in selfgoverning associations

Contributes to public
welfare

Professional System

System that governs actions of professionals

Professionals are members of professional


associations

License is the permission to practice the


profession according to rules.

Breaking rules can result in loss of license to


practice

Professional Associations

Dedicated organizations that are governed by


members of the profession.
Professional associations are institutionalized bodies
Social Contract Model

Professional associations set up to further public good


More responsibilities, less rights
Actions of associations have backing of laws and
administration.

Collective Bargaining Model

Associations are interest groups that further private


interest.
More rights and demands, few responsibilities

Professional regulation in Canada

Professional associations follow a


social contract model
Organized at the provincial level

Engineering Professional Associations in


Canada
Organized at the provincial level.

Association of Professional Engineers and


Geoscientists of BritishColumbia
Association of Professional Engineers,
Geologists and Geophysicists ofAlberta
Association of Professional Engineers and
Geoscientists of the Province ofManitoba
Northwest Territories and Nunavut
Association of Professional Engineers and
Geoscientists
Engineers and GeoscientistsNewBrunswick
Association of Professional Engineers and
Geoscientists ofSaskatchewan
Engineers Nova Scotia
Engineers PEI
Association of Professional Engineers
Ordre des ingnieurs duQubec
ofYukon
Professional Engineers and

Geoscientists of Newfoundland
andLabrador

Engineering Associations in
Canada

Two fundamental differences from


organization in USA

Engineering professions are selfregulating: Each province or territory has


passed an Act to create an association of
engineers that regulates the profession.
License gives the engineer to practice
engineering and bear the title of
professional engineer.

History of Professions in
Quebec

Initially inspired by European models of


regulation

Before 1970

Professional associations had weak social contracts


and were non-standardized.
Liberal Professional independent and unregulated
by governments.

Between 1960-70, there was a surge in many


new & different professions.

Quiet Revolution in Quebec

1960-70 was a period of


immense social, political
transformation.
Transformation from a
conservative society to a
progressive, modern
society
Massive state intervention
in the affairs of society

Health, education and social


sector reform
Nationalization of electricity
Network of state universities

Professional Reorganization in Quebec

In 1970, the Castonguay-Nepveu


Commission examined the health system
in Quebec.
It recommended change in the
professional system in Quebec
It recommended organizational change
to make it appropriate for new social and
economic conditions
It recommended strong supervisory of
government to eliminate inconsistencies
in the social contract of professions in

Professional System in
Quebec

Prior to 1973

Trust in the ability of professional


associations to govern themselves
Professional associations were arbitrary
Code of ethics not obligatory

Reason for change

Necessity of ensuring public safety


Development of many specialized
professions
Formalizing practice rights

In 1973
National Assembly of Quebec
initiated a new control of
professional orders

Instituted a Professional System


Adopted the Professional Code

Professional System in Quebec

Unique system of
governance of professions
in North America
Five primary groups
administer the system

The Government of Quebec


Office des professions du
Quebec
Quebec Interprofessional
Council
Professional Tribunal
46 professional orders

Professional System in
Quebec

Government of Quebec (Minister of


Justice)

Reports to the National Assembly (NA) of


Quebec on the operation of the professional
system
The Minister presents legislations and
resolutions regarding the professional
system in the NA.

Office de Professions du Quebec

Ensures that different Orders respect their

Interprofessional Council

Composed of representatives of all 46


Orders
Advisory body that can be consulted on
professional matters

Professional Tribunal

Judges appointed by the Court of Quebec


Hears appeals on decisions made by
disciplinary councils of different orders

Professionals Orders

Mission of Professional Orders

Ensure Protection of the Public

Two types of Professionals Orders

Professions with Reserved Titles & Exclusive


Practice (25)

OIQ

Professions with Reserved Titles (21)

Order of the professional technologists

Reasoning for the professional system

Based on the principle that professions (in


Quebec) shall be self-governing, but not
completely independent.

Independence: Considerable decision-making


autonomy to professional associations;
Transparency: Regulation of professions is open
to public scrutiny;
Accountability: Professional system is ultimately
answerable to government and people of
Quebec
Monitoring: system allows the government of
Quebec to exert control

Legal Basis The Professional Code

A Law of public order that reflects the


National Assemblys desire to protect the
public in matters concerning professional
services.
Applies to all professional orders including
OIQ
Creates the Office of Professions and the
Interprofessional Council
Creates the different professional orders
Describes the activities of the
professional orders

Operation of Professional
orders

Creates a Structure of Self-management

Members govern the order by financing,


creating professional regulations, and
creating functions and roles.

Controls practice of profession

Controlling the title and right to practice the


profession
Verifying competence and integrity for admission
Maintentance of professional competence
Supervision of professional practice

Operation of Professional
Orders
Role

Leadership & supervision


Training & maintaining
competence
Verifies individual
competence
Investigates malpractice
Decides on penalties to
be awarded

Agent

Executive Committee
Training Committee

Inspection Committee

Syndic

Disciplinary Council

Ordre des Ingnieurs duQubec (OIQ)

One of the 46 professional orders in Quebec that


are recognized by the Government to regulate
themselves.
All engineers in Quebec who engage in
professional activities MUST be members of
the OIQ.
The rules pertaining to the professional activities of
engineers are set out in:

The Professional Code.


The Engineers Act.
The Code of Ethics of Engineers and other regulations.
Bill 101.

Legal basis of OIQ Engineers Act

Defines a member as a person on the


roll of OIQ
Defines an engineer as a member of the
OIQ.
Defining the field of practice of an
engineer

The kinds of work that require an engineer

Defining the kinds of acts that count as


engineering practice

Consultation, measurements, design,

Field of Practice of an
Engineer

Railways, public roads, airports,


bridges, viaducts, tunnels and the
installations connected with
transport systems
Dams, canals, harbours,
lighthouses
Works of an electrical,
mechanical, hydraulic,
aeronautical, electronic, thermic,
nuclear, metallurgical, geological
or mining character and those
intended for the utilization of the
processes of applied chemistry or
physics;
Waterworks, sewer, filtration,
purification works to dispose of
refuse

Foundations, framework and


electrical and mechanical systems of
buildings

Structures accessory to engineering


works and intended to house them;

Temporary framework and other


temporary works used during the
carrying out of works of civil
engineering;

Soil engineering necessary to


elaborate engineering works;

Industrial work or equipment


involving public or employee safety.

In Quebec, it is against the


law to use the title
Engineer or the
abbreviation Eng. unless
you are a member of the OIQ

Use of the
Professional
Title

Professional Values

Values that are prized in the profession.


OIQ specifies four values derived from its
social mission

Competence

Ethical Conduct

Responsibility

Social Commitment

Ethical Analysis
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