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Food Production and Management of Crops: Presented by R Hema Sri

This document discusses food production and management of crops. It describes agriculture as the science and art of cultivating soil and raising crops. Two main types of crops are discussed: kharif crops planted in June and harvested in October like rice, cotton and maize; and rabi crops planted in November and harvested in April like wheat, barley and pea. The key agricultural practices described are preparation of soil through ploughing and leveling, sowing seeds, providing water through irrigation, weeding, harvesting crops, storing crops, and preventing crop diseases through spraying of fertilizers.

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Dwaraka Nath
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30 views15 pages

Food Production and Management of Crops: Presented by R Hema Sri

This document discusses food production and management of crops. It describes agriculture as the science and art of cultivating soil and raising crops. Two main types of crops are discussed: kharif crops planted in June and harvested in October like rice, cotton and maize; and rabi crops planted in November and harvested in April like wheat, barley and pea. The key agricultural practices described are preparation of soil through ploughing and leveling, sowing seeds, providing water through irrigation, weeding, harvesting crops, storing crops, and preventing crop diseases through spraying of fertilizers.

Uploaded by

Dwaraka Nath
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Food Production and

Management of Crops
12th June,
2015

Presented by
R Hema Sri

What is Agriculture?
The Science and art of
cultivation
on
the
soil,
raising crops
Growing plants and receiving
animals for food, clothing
and other useful products is
called Agriculture
Other name for Agriculture is
Farming or Husbandry

Types of Crops
Kharif Crops

Planted in June and harvested in October

generally

Rice

Cotton

Maize

Groundnu
t

Rabi Crops Planted in November and harvested in


April generally

Wheat

Barley

Pea

Gram

Agricultural Practices

Preparation of Soil
Applying manure
Sowing of Seeds
Facilitate water (Irrigation)
Weeding
Crop harvesting
Storage

Preparation of Soil
This involves Ploughing, Levelling and applying fertilizers

Ploughing:
The process of preparing the soil for sowing
seeds or planting to loosen and turn the soil

Traditional
way
of
ploughing with oxes

Modern
way
of
ploughing
with
tractor

Levelling:

To prevent the loose


soil
from
being
gradually destroy by
wind or water, it is
leveled
using
a
wooden
or
iron
leveler
In this way lumps of
soil that remain in
the field can be
crushed
Manuring:
To
increase
the
fertility of the soil,
manure of fertilizers
and nutrients are to
be
added
before
sowing the seeds

Traditional way of
leveling

Traditional way of
manuring

Modern way of
leveling

Modern way of
manuring

Sowing of Seeds and its


selection
At first, the good seeds has to be selected by dropping the
seeds into water
Then the unwanted ones would float on water and the good
seeds would settle to bottom
In India, the healthy and good seeds are provided by National
Seeds Corporation (NSC)
Now, the seeds can be sowed manually or using seed drills

Manual sowing of
seeds

Sowing of seeds by
seed drill

Irrigation
After Sowing of seeds, the process of watering the plants is
called Irrigation
Traditional
type:

Furrow

Basin

Water Wheel

Modern
type:

Sprinkler

Drip Irrigation

Canal

Weeding
In the agricultural field, some
undesired plants known as weeds
would grow
The process of removing those
undesired plants is called weeding

Weeding with handtool

Weeding manually
Weeding with tractor using

Crop Harvesting
Tradition
al

Modern

Harvesting
manually
Harvesting with
machine

Threshing with
tractor

Threshing
manually

Winnowing

Winnowing with machine

Storage
After harvesting, the obtained product stored in the different places
and wait for reasonable market price

Traditional storage in
huts

Storage in Conical

Cold Storage

Storage in

Crop Diseases
When the time the plants are growing in the field, some kind of
insects attack the growing plants that damage the crops
Because of this damage, the yield of crops would be less than
expected
Generally, there are three types of crop
diseases

Aphids Disease

Viral Disease

Tikka Disease

Prevention
To
prevent
the
diseases from pests,
spraying
would
be
done in the fields to
get
the
high
productivity of crops
There are two types of
fertilizers

Spraying
manually

Spraying with
helicopter

Bio-fertilizers:

Chemical fertilizers:

These
are
prepared
by
decomposing plant and animal
wastes

These
are
prepared
in
industries. Urea, DAP, NPK,
etc. are some fertilizer names

References
Text book
http://gradestack.com/CBSE-Class-8thComplete/Crop-Production-and/Preparationof-Soil/14782-2855-2565-study-wtw
http://www.slideshare.net/pankhurij/cropproduction-and-management
http://www.slideshare.net/ZaidAlam/agricultu
re-practices
http://www.slideshare.net/icon66rt/agricultur
e-ppt-15538511

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