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Introduction To Trigonometry

Introduction to Trigonometry Angles * Kinds of Angles * Special of Angles * Properties of Angles * Types of Triangles Pythagorean Theorem Distance on Coordinate Axis Distance Formula

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Darren Morallo Villaflor
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210 views

Introduction To Trigonometry

Introduction to Trigonometry Angles * Kinds of Angles * Special of Angles * Properties of Angles * Types of Triangles Pythagorean Theorem Distance on Coordinate Axis Distance Formula

Uploaded by

Darren Morallo Villaflor
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction to

Trigonometry
Trigonometry which literally means
triangle measurement is a branch of
mathematics which treats of the solutions of
triangles.
It further includes mathematical
investigations by means of six trigonometric
functions.

Introduction to
Trigonometry

Introduction to
Trigonometry
Angles
An angle is the union of two rays meeting
at a common point called the vertex. The
two rays are called the terminal and the
initial sides of an angle. The degree measure
is indicated by a tiny circle placed in the
upper right corner of the number. The size of
an angle is indicated by the amount
of
TERMINAL
rotating the terminal side from the
initial
SIDE
side.

ANGLE (

INITIAL SIDE

Introduction to
Trigonometry
A horizontal line is sometimes called the
real line. This line is divided into two equal
rays by a point called the origin denoted as
0.
The right ray of the horizontal line is
usually the start of measuring angles.
Angles between
0 to 90is said to terminate in quadrant I;
90 to 180 in quadrant II;
180 to 270 in quadrant III;
and 270 to 360 in quadrant IV.

Introduction to
Trigonometry

90

180

Quadrant
II

Quadran
tI

Quadrant
III

Quadrant
IV

270

360

Introduction to
Trigonometry
Kinds of Angles

Acute Angle an angle between 0 to 90

Introduction to
Trigonometry
Kinds of Angles

Right Angle an angle measuring exactly


90

Exactly

Introduction to
Trigonometry
Kinds of Angles

Obtuse Angle an angle measuring


between 90 to 180

Introduction to
Trigonometry
Kinds of Angles

Straight Angle an angle measuring


exactly 180

Exactly

Introduction to
Trigonometry
Kinds of Angles

Reflex Angle an angle measuring


between 180 and 360

Introduction to
Trigonometry

Special
of Angles

There are certain measures of angles whose


trigonometric functions produce special
values. We shall refer to those as special
angles.
Multiples of 30
Multiples of 45
Multiples of 60

Introduction to
Trigonometry
Properties of Angles

An angle measured in counterclockwise


direction is said to have a positive
measure; if the direction is clockwise, the
measure is negative.

One revolution or one complete round is


equivalent to 360.

Introduction to
Trigonometry
Types of Triangles

In general, there are only two types of


triangles, namely:

Right Triangle a triangle with a right


angle.
Oblique Triangle a triangle without a right
angle.

Introduction to
Trigonometry
Types of Triangles

Oblique triangles are classified as follows:

Acute Triangle all angles are acute.


Example: Equilateral triangle
Obtuse Triangle a triangle with one
obtuse angle.

Introduction to
Trigonometry
Sample Problems:
I. State the quadrant of the following angles
1. 905
2. -1355
3. 610
4. -1100
II. Convert the following in degree measures
5. 2.5 revolutions
6. 1/3 revolution
7. 1 1/8 revolutions

Introduction to
Trigonometry
Sample Problems:
III. Convert the following in terms of
revolution
1. 405
2. 540
3. 1440

Introduction to
Trigonometry
Pythagorean Theorem
The Pythagorean Theorem states: In a right
triangle, the square of the hypotenuse
equals the sum of the squares of the
legs.

Introduction to
Trigonometry
Sample Problems:

1. Two cars are on 2 straight roads which are


cross at right angles. If the cars are 20 m
and 99 m from the intersection, how far
apart are they?
2. What must be the length of a guy wire if it
is tied from the top of a 40-ft flagpole to a
peg on the ground 9ft from the foot of the
pole?
3. What is the perimeter needed to fence a
right triangle lot with legs of 63ft and

Introduction to
Trigonometry
Distance on Coordinate Axis
A method for locating points in a plane
with the use of ordered pair of numbers is
known as the Cartesian Coordinate
System or Rectangular Coordinate
System.
1.

The system consists of a plane with a


horizontal line (called the x-axis) which
intersects a vertical line (called y-axis) at
a point (called the origin)

Introduction to
Trigonometry
Distance on Coordinate Axis
A method for locating points in a plane
with the use of ordered pair of numbers is
known as the Cartesian Coordinate
System or Rectangular Coordinate
System.
1.

The system consists of a plane with a


horizontal line (called the x-axis) which
intersects a vertical line (called y-axis) at
a point (called the origin)

Introduction to
Trigonometry
Distance on Coordinate Axis
The axes divide the plane into four
quadrants which are named from I to IV in
the counterclockwise direction, beginning
from the upper right portion
4. The plane has infinite points denoted by P
(x, y). The x is called abscissa and the y is
called the ordinate.
3.

Introduction to
Trigonometry
y

Quadrant II (-.
+)

Quadrant I (+,
+)

Quadrant III (- ,
-)

Quadrant IV
(+ , -)

Introduction to
Trigonometry
Distance Formula
The distance between two points and is
the number of units measured along the line
between the two points.

If the line is parallel to the x-axis, then y 1


= y2, and the distance is given by

Introduction to
Trigonometry
Distance Formula

If the line is parallel to the y-axis, then x 1


= x2, and the distance is given by

Introduction to
Trigonometry
Distance Formula

If a line is not parallel to either axes as


given in the next theorem, then the
distance can be found by the application
of Pythagorean Theorem.

Theorem 1: The distance between two


points P1 (x1, y1) and P2 (x2, y2) is given by the
formula:

Introduction to
Trigonometry
Distance Formula

Theorem 1I: The midpoint, denoted by the


segment joining P1 (x1, y1) and P2 (x2, y2) is:

Introduction to
Trigonometry
Sample Problems:
I.
Find the distance and midpoint between
the given pair of points:
(-12, 0) and (34, 0)
2. (0, 18) and (0, -53)
3. (-12,33) and (4, -30)
4. (2, 51) and (-18,48)
1.

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