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Digital Image Processing: Chapter 1: Introduction

Digital image processing involves manipulating digital images using computer algorithms. A digital image is composed of pixels with discrete intensity values at spatial coordinates. Digital image processing has applications in fields like medical imaging, remote sensing, visual inspection, and more. It involves fundamental steps like image operations, filtering, restoration, and color processing. Components of an image processing system include input/output devices, a central processing unit, memory, and display.

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13 views39 pages

Digital Image Processing: Chapter 1: Introduction

Digital image processing involves manipulating digital images using computer algorithms. A digital image is composed of pixels with discrete intensity values at spatial coordinates. Digital image processing has applications in fields like medical imaging, remote sensing, visual inspection, and more. It involves fundamental steps like image operations, filtering, restoration, and color processing. Components of an image processing system include input/output devices, a central processing unit, memory, and display.

Uploaded by

junesha
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Digital Image Processing

Chapter 1: Introduction

What Is Digital Image Processing?

A sample
digital
image.
662*640*2
56.

f(x,y): A two-dimensional function,


where x and y are spatial
coordinates, and the amplitude of f
at any pair of coordinates (x,y) is
called the intensity or gray level of
the image at that point.
x size: 662, y size: 640, gray levels:
256
Digital image: x, y, and the
amplitude values of f are all finite,
discrete quantities

A sample
color
digital
image,
800*600
*24 bits

Pixel: The elements of a digital


image.

Pixels

Some applications
FUJIFILM:

Searching faces, Fuji.htm


License plates, Licence.htm
Tracking people, Hand.htm

The Origins of Digital Image


Processing

One of the first applications of


digital images was in the newspaper
industry, when pictures were first
sent by submarine cable between
London and New York.

Better quality

15-tone equipment

From computers, meaningful image


processing tasks appeared.

Medical imaging
Remote Earth resource observations
Astronomy
High-energy plasmas and electron
microscopy

Examples of Fields tat Use Digital


Image Processing

Electromagnetic energy spectrum

GammaRay
Imaging

X-ray
Imaging

Imaging in
the
Ultraviolet
Band

Imaging in
the Visible
and Infrared
Bands

Remote sensing

Weather
Observa
tion,
visible
and
infrared
bands

Infrared
imaging

Automated
visual
inspection

Imaging in the Microwave Band

Imaging in the Radio Band

MRI

Examples in which Other Imaging


Modalities Are Used

Sound

Ultrasound

Electron Microscope

Images generated by computers

Fundamental Steps in Digital Image


Processing

Methods whose input and output


are images
Methods whose outputs are
attributes extracted from those
images

Image operations

Spatial filtering

Filtering in
the
frequency
domain

Image
restoration

Color image processing

Components of an Image Processing


System

Some Good Websites


An overview of DIP fundamentals:
http://www.imageprocessingplace.c
om/root_files_V3/tutorials.htm
by I.T. Young, J.J. Gerbrands, and
L.J. van Vliet

CVIPtools at SIUE
http://www.ee.siue.edu/CVIPtools/ex
amples.php

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