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Overview of HCI

HCI is the study of how humans interact with computers, focusing on making computers more useful and usable. It involves the design, implementation, and evaluation of interactive systems. HCI considers human factors like cognition, language and ergonomics as well as technical factors like hardware, software and system architecture. The goal is to understand users and improve the fit between people and technology.

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Khaled Abdulaziz
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92 views

Overview of HCI

HCI is the study of how humans interact with computers, focusing on making computers more useful and usable. It involves the design, implementation, and evaluation of interactive systems. HCI considers human factors like cognition, language and ergonomics as well as technical factors like hardware, software and system architecture. The goal is to understand users and improve the fit between people and technology.

Uploaded by

Khaled Abdulaziz
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Overview of HCI

Human Computer Interaction:


What is it?

HCI: The study of how humans interact with


computers, with a focus on understanding how to
make computers more useful and usable
Human interactions with computers take place in the
user interface:

What you see on a screen (windows, icons, menus)


What you touch, say, and hear in order to use the
system
What you conceptualize in your mind about the system
(document, database, spreadsheet)

What makes a user interface usable?

How easy and natural the interface is to learn and use


Usability is relative to user expectations, which are
typically influenced by competitive or similar systems,
alternate methods and tasks demands

Overview: Map of Human Computer Interaction


(ACM, 1992)
Use and Context
Social Organization and Work

Human-Machine Fit and Adaptation

Application Areas
Human

Computer
Dialogue
Techniques

Human
Information
Processing
Language,
Communication
and Interaction

Evaluation
Techniques

Computer
Graphics

Aa
Ergonomics

Dialogue
Genre
Input and
Output Devices

Example Systems
and Case Studies
Design
Approaches
Development Process

Dialogue
Architecture

Implementation
Techniques and Tools

Human Computer Interaction

A discipline concerned with the


design,
implementation, and
evaluation
of interactive computing systems for human
use
design

evaluation

implementation

Use and context of computers

Problems of fitting computers, their uses, and the context of use together
Social organization and work
humans are interacting social beings
considers models of human activity:
small groups, organizations, socio-technical systems
quality of work life
Application areas
characteristics of application domains, e.g. individual vs group work
popular styles
document production, communications, design, tutorials and help,
multi-media information kiosks, continuous control (cockpits,
process control), embedded systems (copiers, home appliances)
Human-machine fit and adaptation
improve the fit between the designed object and its use
how systems are selected and adopted; how users improvise
routine systems; how systems adapt to the user (customization);
how users adapt to the system (training, ease of learning); user
guidance (help, documentation, error-handling)

Human characteristics

To understand the human as an information-processing system,


how humans communicate, and peoples physical and psychological
requirements

Human information processing

characteristics of the human as a processor of information

Language, communication and interaction

aspects of language

memory, perception, motor skills, attention, problemsolving, learning and skill acquisition, motivation,
conceptual models, diversity...

syntax, semantics, pragmatics; conversational interaction,


specialized languages

Ergonomics

anthropometric and physiological characteristics of people and


their relationship to workspace and the environment

arrangement of displays and controls; cognitive and


sensory limits; effects of display technology; fatigue and
health; furniture and lighting; design for stressful and
hazardous environments; design for the disabled...

Accommodation of Human Diversity

Physical abilities and physical workplaces

cognitive and perceptual abilities

extroversion vs introversion, feeling vs. thinking

cultural and international diversity

cognitive (memory, problem-solving, decision-making,


attention, search and scanning)
perceptual (arousal, fatigue, mental load, boredom,
anxiety)

personality differences

vision, touch, hearing

date format, weights measures, names, phone no., etc

users with disability


elderly users

Computer system and interface architecture

The specialized components computers have for interacting with


people

Input and output devices

mechanics and characteristics of particular hardware devices,


performance characteristics (human and system), esoteric devices,
virtual devices

Dialogue techniques

the basic software architecture and techniques for interacting with


humans

Dialog genre

The conceptual uses to which the technical means are put

e.g. interaction and content metaphors, transition


management, style and aesthetics

Computer graphics

e.g. dialog inputs and outputs; interaction styles; issues

basic concepts from computer graphics that are especially useful to


HCI

Dialogue architecture

software architecture and standards for interfaces

e.g., screen imaging; window managers; interface toolkits;


multi-user architectures, look and feel, standardization and
interoperability

The Development Process

The construction and evaluation of human interfaces


Design approaches
the process of design

Implementation techniques and tools


tactics and tools for implementation, and the relationship
between design, evaluation and implementation

e.g. prototyping techniques, dialog toolkits, objectoriented methods, data representation and algorithms

Evaluation techniques
philosophy and specific methods for evaluation

e.g. graphical design basics (typography, color, etc);


software engineering; task analysis; industrial
design...

e.g. productivity, usability testing, formative and


summative evaluation

Example systems and case studies

classic designs to serve as example of interface design genres

HCI as an interdisciplinary practice

Computer scientist
psychologists
graphic designers
technical writers
human ergonomical engineers
sociologists

You know now

The HCI discipline includes the study


of:
the use and context of computers
human characteristics
computer system and interface architecture
the development process

HCI is worth studying because it aligns


both human interests and economic
interests

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