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Computer History With Its Generation and Many Features

First generation computers used vacuum tubes and were very large, consumed large amounts of energy, produced a lot of heat, and required constant maintenance. They were unreliable, non-portable, and slow. Data storage was limited to magnetic drums and input was via punch cards. Second generation computers were smaller and more reliable as they used transistors instead of vacuum tubes, used less energy, and were faster while still requiring cooling systems and maintenance. Third generation computers were smaller still and more reliable as they used integrated circuits and required less energy while being faster and using mice/keyboards for input.

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138 views

Computer History With Its Generation and Many Features

First generation computers used vacuum tubes and were very large, consumed large amounts of energy, produced a lot of heat, and required constant maintenance. They were unreliable, non-portable, and slow. Data storage was limited to magnetic drums and input was via punch cards. Second generation computers were smaller and more reliable as they used transistors instead of vacuum tubes, used less energy, and were faster while still requiring cooling systems and maintenance. Third generation computers were smaller still and more reliable as they used integrated circuits and required less energy while being faster and using mice/keyboards for input.

Uploaded by

sanju
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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First Generation computer

First Generation computer


Advantages

Vacuum tubes were the only


electronic component available
during those days.
Vacuum tube technology made
possible to make electronic digital
computers.
These computers could calculate
data in millisecond.

First Generation computer


Disadvantages
The computers were very large in size.
They consumed a large amount of energy.
They heated very soon due to thousands of vacuum
tubes.
They were not very reliable.
Air conditioning was required.
Constant maintenance was required.
Non-portable.
Very slow speed.
Used machine language only.
Used magnetic drums which provide very less data
storage.
Used punch cards for input.

cond Generation Computers (1955-1964)

Second Generation Computers (1955-196

Advantages
Smaller in size as compared to
the first generation computers.
The 2nd generation Computers
were more reliable
Used less energy and were not
heated.
Wider commercial use
Better speed and could
calculate data in microseconds
Used faster peripherals like
tape drives, magnetic disks,
printer etc.
Used Assembly language
instead of Machine language.
Accuracy improved.

Disadvantages
Cooling system
was required
Constant
maintenance was
required
Commercial
production was
difficult
Only used for
specific purposes
Costly and not
versatile
Puch cards were

Third Generation Computers (1964-1975

Third Generation Computers

Advantages

Smaller in size as compared to


previous generations.
More reliable.
Used less energy
Produced less heat as compared
to the previous two generations of
computers.
Better speed and could calculate
data in nanoseconds.
Used fan for heat discharge to
prevent damage.
hardware failure is reare.
Good storage
Versatile to an extent
Less expensive
Better accuracy
Used mouse and keyboard for

Disadvantag
es
Air
conditioning
was required.
Highly
sophisticated
technology
required for
the
manufacturing
of IC chips.

ourth Generation Computers (1975-Prese

Fourth Generation Computers (1975-Present)


Advantages
More powerful and
reliable than previous
generations.
Small in size
Fast processing power
with less power
consumption
Fan for heat discharging
and thus to keep cold.
No air conditioning
required.
Totally general purpose
Commercial production
Less need of repair.
Cheapest among all
generations
All types of High level
languages can be used in
this type of computers

Disadvantages
The latest
technology is
required for
manufacturing of
Microprocessors.

Fifth Generation Computers (Present &


Beyond)
It is based on the technique ofArtificial Intelligence (AI).
Computers can understand spoken words & imitate human
reasoning.
Can respond to its surroundings using different types of
sensors.
Scientists are constantly working to increase the processing
power of computers.

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