Scribd
Upload
52 views

CHAPTER 4 Lecture 2

The document summarizes the design of continuous stirred tank reactors (CSTRs) for isothermal reactions. It covers the basic design equations for a single CSTR, including the use of Damkohler number to estimate conversion. It then discusses the design of CSTRs arranged in series and in parallel. For CSTRs in series, it shows that conversion increases with the number of tanks. For CSTRs in parallel, it demonstrates that the design and conversion is equivalent to a single larger CSTR of the same total volume. An example problem is also presented on the production of ethylene glycol in a CSTR.

Uploaded by

Farhan Hazeeq
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
52 views

CHAPTER 4 Lecture 2

The document summarizes the design of continuous stirred tank reactors (CSTRs) for isothermal reactions. It covers the basic design equations for a single CSTR, including the use of Damkohler number to estimate conversion. It then discusses the design of CSTRs arranged in series and in parallel. For CSTRs in series, it shows that conversion increases with the number of tanks. For CSTRs in parallel, it demonstrates that the design and conversion is equivalent to a single larger CSTR of the same total volume. An example problem is also presented on the production of ethylene glycol in a CSTR.

Uploaded by

Farhan Hazeeq
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 11

CHAPTER 4

L E C TU RE 2

Isothermal Reactor Design

G I V E A M A N S O M E F I S H , Y O U F E E D H I M F O R A D A Y, T E A C H A
MAN HOW TO CATCH FISH, YOU FEED HIM FOR LIFE
-UNKNOWN-

2043
CAB 2074 CDB
- Reaction
Engineering

Topics
Lecture 1:

Lecture 2:

Design structure for isothermal reactors


Scale up of liquid phase batch reactor
data to the design of CSTR
Design of CSTR

Lecture 3:

Design of tubular reactors

Lecture 4:

Recycle reactors

2043
CAB 2074 CDB
- Reaction
Engineering

Design of CSTR
Recap single reactor:
Design equation for CSTR
V

FA0 FA FA0 X

rA
rA

Constant volume system,


C A0 C A

v
v=v0
0

rA

C CA
V
A0
v0
rA

C A0 C A
C
, C A A0
kCA
1 k

X
where: FA0=CA0v0

k
1 k

2043
CAB 2074 CDB
- Reaction
Engineering

Design of CSTR
Damkohler number, Da
Gives quick estimate on the degree of conversion
rA0V
in CSTR
Da

FA0

Da < 0.1, then X < 0.1


Da > 10, then X > 0.9

1st order irreversible


reaction:

Da k

2nd order irreversible


reaction:

Da kCA0

2043
CAB 2074 CDB
- Reaction
Engineering

Design of CSTRs - CSTR in series


CA1,X1

CA0
-rA1
V1

-rA2
V2
CA2,X2

Information:
1. First order reaction with no volume change

2043
CAB 2074 CDB
- Reaction
Engineering

Design of CSTRs - CSTR in series

C A1

C A2

C An

C A0
1 1k1

C A0
C A1

1 2 k 2 1 2 k 2 1 1 k1

C A0
1

, X 1
n
1 k
1 k n

2043
CAB 2074 CDB
- Reaction
Engineering

Design of CSTRs - CSTR in series


C An

n
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

C A0
1
,
X

1 k n
1 k n
X
0.50
0.75
0.88
0.94
0.97
0.98
0.99
1.00
1.00
1.00

X
0.33
0.56
0.70
0.80
0.87
0.91
0.94
0.96
0.97
0.98

X
0.09
0.17
0.25
0.32
0.38
0.44
0.49
0.53
0.58
0.61

Conversion X versus number of tanks, n for different Da= tk

tk=1
tk=0.5
tk=0.1

Number of tanks, n
Conversion as a function of the number of tanks in series for first order reaction

10

2043
CAB 2074 CDB
- Reaction
Engineering

Design of CSTRs - CSTR in parallel

-rA1
V1

-rA2
V2

Assume:
1. Equal reactor size
2. Similar operating
temperature & feed
rate

2043
CAB 2074 CDB
- Reaction
Engineering

Design of CSTRs - CSTR in parallel


Identical feed rate, size &
temperature, therefore:
X1 X 2 X n X
rA1 rA2 rAn rA

Volume of individual reactor

V
n

Vi
Molar flowrate
FA0 i

FA0
n

Balance on i from
individual reactor volume

Xi

r
Ai

V FA0 X i

n
n rAi

Vi FA0 i

FA0 X
rA

similar to single
volume!!

2043
CAB 2074 CDB
- Reaction
Engineering

Example 4.2: Production of ethylene glycol in a CSTR


It is desired to produce 200 million pounds per year of ethylene
glycol(A). The reaction takes place in an isothermal CSTR and the
following data applies;

FA0 = 58 mol/s
CA0 = 1 mol/dm3 (after mixing)
k = 0.311 min-1

Problem statement:

Find the volume required for 80% conversion in a single


CSTR
The number of 3 m3 reactor required to achieve 80%
conversion if the reactor is arranged in parallel?
The number of 3 m3 reactor required to achieve 80%
conversion if the reactor is arranged in series?

CAB 2074 - Reaction Engineering

THE END

You might also like