Scribd
Upload
87 views

Types of Angles

This document discusses lines, angles, and polygons. It defines parallel lines and explores properties of angles such as vertically opposite, perpendicular, complementary and supplementary angles. It also examines angles formed with parallel lines cut by a transversal and how to calculate unknown angles.

Uploaded by

Yousif Al-Omary
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
87 views

Types of Angles

This document discusses lines, angles, and polygons. It defines parallel lines and explores properties of angles such as vertically opposite, perpendicular, complementary and supplementary angles. It also examines angles formed with parallel lines cut by a transversal and how to calculate unknown angles.

Uploaded by

Yousif Al-Omary
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 17

KS4 Mathematics

S1 Lines, angles and


polygons
1 of 67

Boardworks Ltd 2005

Contents
S1 Lines, angles and polygons
S1.1 Parallel lines and angles

2 of 67

Boardworks Ltd 2005

Labelling line segments


When a line has end points we say that it has finite length.
It is called a line segment.
We usually label the end points with capital letters.
For example, this line segment
A

has end points A and B.


We can call this line, line segment AB.

3 of 67

Boardworks Ltd 2005

Lines in a plane
A flat two-dimensional surface is called a plane.
Any two straight lines in a plane either intersect once

This is called
the point of
intersection.

4 of 67

Boardworks Ltd 2005

Lines in a plane
or they are parallel.
We use arrow
heads to show
that lines are
parallel.

Parallel lines will never meet. They stay an equal distance


apart.
This means that they are always equidistant.

5 of 67

Boardworks Ltd 2005

Vertically opposite angles


When two lines intersect, two pairs of vertically opposite
angles are formed.

a
d

b
c

a=c

and

b=d

Vertically opposite angles are equal.

6 of 67

Boardworks Ltd 2005

Perpendicular lines
What is special about the angles at
the point of intersection here?

a
d

a = b = c = d = 90

c
Lines that intersect at right angles
are called perpendicular lines.

7 of 67

Boardworks Ltd 2005

The distance from a point to a line


What is the shortest distance from a point to a line?
O

The shortest distance from a point to a line


is always the perpendicular distance.

8 of 67

Boardworks Ltd 2005

Angles
When two lines meet at a point an angle is formed.

An angle is a measure of rotation from one of the line


segments to the other.
We often label angles using lower-case letters or Greek letters
such as , theta.
9 of 67

Boardworks Ltd 2005

Labelling lines, angles and shapes


Sometimes, the vertices in a diagram are labelled with
capital letters. For example,
This is line
segment AD.

This is angle
ABD, ABD
or ABD.

A
D
B
C

10 of 67

This is
triangle BCD
or BCD .

Boardworks Ltd 2005

Types of angle
Right angle
a = 90

Acute angle
0 < a < 90

Obtuse angle
90 < a < 180

Reflex angle
180 < a < 360

a
a

11 of 67

Boardworks Ltd 2005

Angles on a straight line and at a point


Angles on a line
add up to 180

Angles at a point
add up to 360
a

a + b + c = 180
because there are
180 in a half turn.

12 of 67

b
c

a + b + c + d = 360
because there are
360 in a full turn.

Boardworks Ltd 2005

Complementary and supplementary angles


Two complementary
angles add up to 90.

a
b
a + b = 90

13 of 67

Two supplementary
angles add up to 180.

a + b = 180

Boardworks Ltd 2005

Angles made with parallel lines


When a straight line crosses two parallel lines eight angles
are formed.
a
b

d
c

h
g

This line is called


a transversal.

Which angles are equal to each other?

14 of 67

Boardworks Ltd 2005

Corresponding, alternate and interior angles


Corresponding
angles are equal

Alternate angles
are equal

Interior angles
add up to 180

a
b

a=b
Look for an
F-shape

15 of 67

a=b
Look for a
Z-shape

a + b = 180
Look for a Cor U-shape

Boardworks Ltd 2005

Angles and parallel lines

16 of 67

Boardworks Ltd 2005

Calculating angles
Calculate the size of angle a.

28
a
45

Hint: Add
another
parallel line.

a = 28 + 45 = 73

17 of 67

Boardworks Ltd 2005

You might also like