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Lec 4a

This document discusses absolute and gauge pressure, expressing pressure in terms of the height of a fluid column, and the relationship between pressure and water depth or height. It provides sample problems and exercises calculating pressure at various depths and interfaces between liquids in tanks, as well as pressure readings from gauges. The key concepts covered are the relationships between pressure, elevation, depth, density and specific gravity of liquids to determine equivalent pressure heads and readings on pressure gauges.

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Nust Razi
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122 views

Lec 4a

This document discusses absolute and gauge pressure, expressing pressure in terms of the height of a fluid column, and the relationship between pressure and water depth or height. It provides sample problems and exercises calculating pressure at various depths and interfaces between liquids in tanks, as well as pressure readings from gauges. The key concepts covered are the relationships between pressure, elevation, depth, density and specific gravity of liquids to determine equivalent pressure heads and readings on pressure gauges.

Uploaded by

Nust Razi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Absolute Pressure

Absolute and Gauge


Pressure

Pressure Expressed in
Height of Fluid.
Often we find it more convenient to express
pressure in terms of height of the column of
fluid rather than force per unit area.
Even if the surface of liquid is under some
pressure, we only need to convert this
pressure into an equivalent height of the
fluid and added this to h.
The relationship: h=p/
For an incompressible fluid at rest, at any
point in the fluid the sum of elevation z and
the pressure head p/ is equal to the sum of

Pressure vs Water
depth/height

Pressure vs Water
depth/height

3.4.3: If the atmospheric pressure is


780mb abs and a gage attached to a tank
reads 330mmHg vacuum, what is the
absolute pressure with in the tank in kPa?
Ans: 33.98 kPa

Sample Problem 3.2


An open tank contains water 1.40 m
deep covered by a 2 m thick layer of
oil (s = 0.855). What is the pressure
head at the bottom of the tank, in
terms of a water column? Ans: 3.1 m

Exercises
3.3.1 An open tank contains 5.0m of
water covered with 2 m of oil
(=8.0kN/m3). Find the gage pressure.
(a). At the interface between the liquids
(Ans: 16 kPa) and (b) at the bottom of
the tank (Ans: 65.1 kPa).
3.3.2 An open tank contains 7 ft of
water covered with 2.2 ft of oil (s=0.88).
Find the gage pressure. (a) at the
interface between the liquids and at the
bottom of the tank (Ans: 0.839 psi and
3.87 psi)
3.3.3 The air had a constant specific
weight of 12 N/m3 and were

3.2.1: Neglecting the pressure on the


EXCERCISES
surface and the compressibility of water,
what is the pressure in pounds per square
inch on the ocean floor at a depth of 15,500
ft? The specific weight of the ocean water
under ordinary conditions is 64.0 lb/ft3. Ans:
6888 psi
3.2.2: Neglecting the pressure on the
surface and the compressibility of water,
what is the pressure in kPa at a depth of an
instrument 4600 m below the surface of the
ocean? The specific weight of the ocean
water under ordinary conditions is 10.05
kN/m3. Ans: 46230 kPa

EXCERCISES

3.2.3 A pressure gauge at elevation 18 ft on the side of an industrial tank containing a liquid reads 11.4
psi. Another gauge at elevation 12 ft reads 13.7 psi. Compute the specific weight, density and specific
gravity of the liquid. Ans: 55.2 pcf, 1.714 slugs/ft3, 0.885
3.2.4 Where an underground oil (s=0.88) pipeline crosses under a stream, it is 68 ft deeper than on
either side. If the oil pressure on either side is 32 psi, determine the oil pressure in the pipeline under
the stream. Ans: 57.9 psi

Liquid Barometer

Liquid Barometer

Liquid Barometer

Problem

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