Guided by : Presented By :

Mr. Mohmadmoin k. Modasiya Mr. Hiren Patel

M.Pharm
 DEFINITION
• According to D & C Act:-
Cosmetics mean any articles meant to be
rubbed, poured, sprinkled or sprayed on or
introduced into or otherwise applied to any
part of the human body for cleansing,
beautifying, promoting attractiveness or
altering appearance and include any article
intended for use as a component of cosmetic.
Soap is not covered under cosmetic product.
 INGREDIENTS OF COSMETICS
• Water
• Oils, Fats, Waxes
• Humectants
• Surfactants
• Preservatives
• Perfumes And Colors
• Herbal Or Plant Material
• Functional Raw Materials
• WATER: -
It is the main ingredient of cosmetics
formulation. Thus stability and quality of final
product is dependant on the purity of water
used so pure water should be used in
manufacturing of cosmetics. Pure water on
large scale can be manufactured by any of the
methods mentioned below.
– Ion exchange system
– Distillation
– Reverse osmosis
• OIL, FATS and WAXES:-
These are used in preparation of creams, lotions,
brilliantine, hair oil, lipsticks etc. The source of oil,
fat & wax can be mineral source & animal source.
The source and example is given below.
Source:-1) Mineral source
-mineral oil
-paraffin and petroleum jelly
2) Animal source
-wool fat
-bees wax, Spermaceti
Name of oil Use in cosmetics
(Vegetable)
Almond Creams (emollient)
Arachis Hair oil, Brilliantines
Castor Lip stick, hair oil cream ,lotion
Olive oils ,creams lotions
Type of mineral oil Use in cosmetics product
Light liquid paraffin In bath oil, hair
oil,lotions,creams,brilliantine
Heavy liquid paraffin In bath oil, hair oil ,lotions, creams,
brilliantine (emollient)
• HUMECTANTS:-
This is added to prevent drying out of cosmetics (e.g. o/w
creams)

Type of Examples
Humectant
Inorganic Calcium chloride (not used now due to compatibility
problems)
Metal organic Sodium lactate (used in sunscreen lotions)
Organic Polyethylene glycol, Propylene glycol, glycerol,
sorbitol, mannitol, glucose
• SURFACTANTS: -
– Surfactants lower one or more boundary tensions
at interface in the system. one common feature of
surfactant is that they all are amphipathic
molecules containing a hydrophobic part & a
hydrophilic part. Used in cosmetics to impart
following functions.
DETERGENCY, WETTING, FOAMING,
EMULSIFICATION, SOLUBILIZATION
 Type of Examples
surfactant
1.Anionic Fatty acid soaps, alkyl sulphates, alkyl sulphonates,
polyethylene glycol ester,alkyl ether sulphates
taurines,sarcosinates etc.
2.Cationic Alkyl trimethyl ammonium salts, Dialkyl dimethyl
ammonium salts alkyl pyridinium salts, quaternised
diamine salts.
3. Non ionic Alkanolamides,alkyl polyglycol ether, thioethers,
alkyl polyethyleneimine amides.

4.Ampholytic Betains, alkylimidazolines, acyl peptides,etc.

• PRESERVATIVES:- Used to prevent spoilage which
occurs due to
1) Oxidation of oils 2) Microbial growth
Types of preservatives :-
– Anti microbial agents:- e.g. .Benzoic acid, formaldehyde,
cresol, phenol, thiomersol,phenyl mercuric salts. Etc.
– Antioxidants :- Gallic acid, methyl
gallate,BHA,BHT,Tocopherol, citric
acid,Ethanolamine,lecithin,ascorbic acid, sodium sulphite,
Sodium metabisulphite
– Antioxidant synergists: - Enhance the efficacy of
antioxidants. examples include:-ascorbic acid, citric acid,
phosphoric acid
– UV absorbers:-These are mainly used in products which
are vulnerable to visible or UV light. By incorporating UV
absorbers colorless containers can be used if deterioration
is due to UV light only.
 • PERFUMES:- The word perfume has been derived
from “per” means through and “fumum” means
smoke. It suggests that early perfumes were pleasant
smells obtained by burning wood and grass etc.

Source of perfume Example

Natural (Animal source) Musk ,civet, Ambergris, Castroreum etc.

Natural (Plant source) Rose ,jasmine, lemon, lavender etc.

Aroma chemical Eugenol, Farnesal, Rose oxide, Citral ,Limonene

Floral base Rose base, Jasmine base

Woody base Citrus base(in colognes),spice base, oriental base,

fruity base ,etc
• COLORS:
It defined as visual sensation caused by a definite
wavelength by an object by one/more phenomenon of
emission, reflection, refraction, transmission.
 Colors can be classified into three classes:-
a) Natural colors:-
– Plant source :- e.g. Saffron, turmeric
– Animal source:-e.g. Cochineal (red)
b) Inorganic colors:-
e.g. Iron oxides, chromium oxides, carbon
black,titanium dioxide, zinc oxide etc.
c) Coal tar colors:-Tartrazine, amaranth, Erythrosine,
Indigocarmine. etc.
• HERBAL OR PLANT MATERIAL:-These herbal or plant
materials are used in different cosmetics preparations.

NAME USE IN COSMETICS

Almond Facial and body scrubs
Azadiracta Tooth paste and skin care
Comfrey Creams and lotions
Tulsi Skin cream and lotions
Cucumber Masks, toner, cleanser
Henna Dyeing of hair
Amla Shampoo
Jasmine Hair oil
Lemon Skin tonic, cleansers
Apricot Facial and body scrubs
FUNCTIONAL RAW MATERIALS

TYPE EXAMPLE & USE

VITAMINS Vit C (antioxidant in emulsion),vit A,
Vit E (skin beautification)
AMINO ACIDS
(all essential amino acids)

ANTI
Allantoin (hand cream & lotion) Cade
INFLAMMATORY
oil(eczema& psoriasis),Calamine
AGENTS
SUNSCREEN PABA, Vitamin C, Quinine salts
AGENTS Coumarin derivatives
ANTIDANDRUFF Selenium, cadmium sulphide, ZPTO
 COSMETICS FOR SKIN
• Skin cream
• Lotion
• Face powder & Compacts
• Skin colorants
• Body powder
• Face pack & Masks
• Bath Preparations (bath salt,oil,powder,foam)
 Functions of Skin
• Regulation of body temperature.
• Protection.
• Sensation.
• Excretion.
• Immunity.
• Blood reservoir.
• Synthesis of Vitamin D.

Function of skin cosmetics

1) To provide decoration
2) To supplement natural functions of skin
 1. CREAMS
• TYPES OF CREAMS:
– Cleansing cream
– Massage creams
– Night creams
– Moisturizing creams
– Foundation creams
– Vanishing creams
– All purpose creams
 CLEANSING CREAM
 Cleansing cream is required for removal of facial make up,
surface grime, oil, water and oil soluble soil efficiently mainly
from the face & throat.
 Characteristic
• Be able to effectively remove oil soluble & water soluble soil,
surface oil from skin.
• Should be stable &have good appearance.
• Should melt or soften on application to the skin
• Should spread easily without too much of drag.
• Its physical action on skin & pore openings should be that of
flushing rather than absorption
 Type of cleansing cream
• Anhydrous type:-
Ingredients Quantity
Mineral oil 80 gm
Petroleum jelly 15gm
Ozokerite wax 5 gm
Preservative and q.s
perfumes

• Emulsified type:-
Common Ingredients:-
Oil phase…………………..Spread easily
Waxes……………………..Give appropriate thixotropy
Emollient material…………likes cetyl alcohol, spermaceti,
lanolin Water phase with preservative
 Beeswax Borax type
• These contain high percentage of mineral oil. These are o/w type.
• After the cream is being rubbed into the skin sufficient quantity of
water evaporates to impart a phase inversion to the w/o type.

Ingredients Quantity
Bees wax 2 gm
Borax 2 gm
Almond oil 50 gm
Rose water 35.5 gm
Lanolin 0.5gm
preservative and perfume q.s
 NIGHT & MASSAGE CREAM
• The mostly have a moisturizing & a nourishing effect of
affected skin. These also contain vitamins and hormones
basing on the application. This cream give better look to
the skin and prevent dryness.
Ingredients Quantity
Mineral oil- 1gm
Borax 1gm
Petroleum jelly- 8gm
Water 35gm
White bees wax- 15gm
Paraffin wax 1.0gm
Lanolin 2gm
Perfume & preservative- q.s
 VANISHING CREAM
Ingredients Quantity
• These are named so as
Stearic acid- 15gm
they seem to vanish when
applied to the skin. Glycerin 5gm
• High quantity of stearic KOH 0.5 gm
acid as oil phase used.This
provides an oil phase Water 75.82 gm

which melts above body NaOH 0.18 gm

temp, and crystsllises in a
Cetyl alcohol 0.50 gm
suitable form, so as to
invisible in use and give a Propylene glycol 3.0gm
non greasy film. Preservative & q.s
Perfume
 FOUNDATION CREAM
• Applied to skin to provide
a smooth emollient base Ingredients Quantity
or foundation for the Lanolin 2 gm
application of face Propylene glycol 8gm
powder & other make up Cetyl alcohol- 0.50 gm
preparations.
Water 79.10 gm
• Types:
Stearic acid 10gm
1) Pigmented creams
KoH 0.40 gm
which are coloured
Perfume & Preservative q.s
2) Unpigmented creams
 HAND & BODY CREAM

• The repeated or constant Ingredients Quantity

contact with soap and Isopropyl myristate 4 gm
detergent damages &
removes film of sebum Mineral oil 2 gm
thus this cream is used to Stearic acid 3.gm
impart following functions
Emulsifying wax 275 gm
to the skin.
• The function of these Lanolin 2.5 gm
creams are
- Replace/reduce water Glycerin 3.0 gm
loss.
- Provide oily film to Triethanolamine 1 gm
protect the skin. Water 84.225 gm
- Keep the skin soft, Perfume and Preservative q.s
smooth but not greasy.
 ALL PURPOSE CREAMS
Ingredients Quantity
Mineral oil 18%
Lanolin 2%
• All purpose means it is Petroleum jelly 2%
suitable for hands, Ozokerite 7%
Paraffin wax 3%
face and body. They
are w/o types. Water 61.3%
Glycerol 5%
Magnesium sulphate 0.2%
Perfume, preservative q.s
Evaluation parameters for creams
• Rheology : Rheology is very important as these creams
are marketed in tubes or containers. The rheology or
viscosity should remain constant.

• Sensitivity : This should be tested beforehand. This test

is normally done by patch test on skin and can be either
open or occlusive.

• Biological testing : This is particularly essential for

products containing antiseptics, hormones, vitamins, etc.
 Sunscreen lotions
• These lotion has property of
protecting the skin from sun burning. Ingredients Quantity

• US dept of health has recommended Glyceryl p-amino 3.0 %

benzoate
following ingredients to be used as
sunscreen agents. They absorb U.V Glycerin 5.0 %
radiation.
• CYCLOFORM Alcohol 10 %
• MONOGLYCERYL PARA AMINO BENZOATE
Methyl cellulose 0.5 %
• DIGALLOYL TRIOLEATE
• BENZYL SALICYLATE Perfume q.s
• BENZYL CINNAMATE
Water to make 100 %
• And few others are PABA, cinnamic
acid derivatives, coumarin derivatives,
Quinine salts, uric acid derivatives.
 POWDERS
 The powders should have following properties:-

• Must have good covering power so can hide skin blemishes.

• Should adhere perfectly to the skin & not blow off easily.
• Must have absorbent property.
• Must have sufficient slip to enable the powder to spread on the
skin by the puff .
• The finish given to the skin must be preferably of a matt or
peach like character.
• The raw materials used to manufacture of various powders are
classified with example as follows:-
 RAW MATERIAL FOR POWDER
RAW MATERIAL FOR EXAMPLE
POWDER IMPARTING
Covering prop Titanium dioxide,zno,kaolin,zn stearate
Adhesion prop Mg.stearate,talc,mg & ca salt of myristic acid

Slip & Softness Zn/mg undecanate,aluminium hydrosilicate

Absorbency prop Starch, colloidal kaolin,bentonite,pptd chalk
Peach like finish Rice starch,silica,powdered silk
Frosted look Guanine, bismuth oxychloride,mica,Zn,Al
Color & perfumes Iron oxides
 FACE POWDER

• Types of Face Powders:-

– Loose face powder
– Compact face powder
– Talcum powder
– Baby powder
 LOOSE FACE POWDER

Type Of Face Purpose & Composition

Powder
LIGHT Dry skin, contains large amount of talc

MEDIUM Normal or moderately oily skins, lesser

talc & zinc oxide
HEAVY Extremely oily skins ,low talc but higher
amount of Zinc oxide
 LIGHT POWDER MEDIUM POWDER HEAVY POWDER

Talc ---------63gm Talc---------39.7gm Talc---------20.0gm

Kaolin --------20 gm Kaolin-------39.5 gm Kaolin(light)-20 0gm

carbonate(l) 5 gm carbonate(l) 5 gm . carbonate(l) 39 g

Zinc oxide ---5.0gm Zinc oxide ---7.0gm Zinc oxide ---15.0gm

Zinc stearate-5.0gm Zinc stearate-7.0gm Mg.stearate—5.0gm

Mg.carbonate—1.0gm Mg.carbonate—1.0gm Color ------0.5gm

Color ------0.5gm Color ------0.2gm Perfume------0.5gm

Perfume------0.5gm Perfume------0.6gm  
 COMPACT FACE POWDER
• It is a dry powder
Type of binder Examples
which has been
compressed into a 1) Dry binder Zn/Mg.stearate

cake. The pressure

2) Oil binder (water Mineral oil, isopropyl
for compaction is repellant ) myristate,Lanolin derivative

very important. 3) Water soluble PVP, CMC, Cellulose, Acacia,

The powder must binder Tragacanth

come off easily 5) Emulsion binder Triethanolamine stearate,

Glycerol monostearate
when rubbed with
puff.
 TALCUM POWDER
• It is used as an adsorbent for making the skin from the excess
moisture. Light magnesium carbonate added to mix perfume.

Ingredients Quantity
Zinc oxide 50 gm
Zinc stearate- 50 gm
Chlorhexidine diacetate- 3 gm
Light magnesium carbonate 100 gm
Talc 797 gm
Perfume 0.2 mL
 BODY POWDER
• It consists of mainly talc, with small portion of a metallic
stearate, precipitated chalk, magnesium carbonate(light).
• Boric acid act as antiseptic.

Ingredients Quantity
Talc 75 gm
Aluminum stearate 4 gm
Colloidal Kaolin 10 gm
Boric acid 0.3 gm
Colloidal silica 5 gm
Perfume 0.7 gm
 Evaluation of Powder
• Shade control and lighting
• Dispersion of colour
• Pay-off
• Pressure testing
• Breaking test
• Flow property
• Particle size and abrasiveness
• Moisture content and limits for colour
 SKIN COLORANTS
A) LIPSTICKS
These are basically dispersions of coloring matter in a base
consisting of a suitable blend of oils, fats, waxes, suitably
perfumed and flavored, moulded in the form of a stick.
B) ROUGE
These are the cosmetics preparations used to apply a color
to the cheeks. The color may vary from the palest of pinks
to the deep blue reds .The tint or color may be achieved
using water insoluble colors such as iron oxides and certain
organic pigments or by using water soluble organic colors
which actually stain the skin.
 LIPSTICK
• Ideal character of lipstick includes:-
– Should cover the lips adequately with some gloss and last for
long time.
– It should make the lips soft.
– The film must adhere firmly to the lips without being brittle.&
tachy.
– Should have high retention of color intensity without any
change in shade.
– Should be completely free from grittiness & free from drying.
– Nonirritating to the lips.
– Desirable degree of plasticity & have a pleasant odor and flavor.
 Evaluation Castor oil

Lanolin
54 gm

11 gm
(anhydrous)
Candeilla wax 9 gm
• Melting point
Isopropyl 8 gm
• Breaking point myristate
• Thixotropy character White beeswax 5 gm
• Force of application Carnauba wax 3 gm
Ozokerite wax 3 gm
• Aging stability Eosin 2 gm
• Perfume stability Lakes 5 gm
• Oxidative stability Rose flavor q.s
Antioxidant q.s
• Surface anomalies preservative q.s
• Accelerated stability test
 SKIN ROUGE
Powder Rouges Stick Rouge
Talc………………………….40 Carnauba wax…………………3
Zinc oxide…………………..10 Candelilla………………………6
Magnesium carbonate……….20 Ozokerite………………………1.5
Pigment……………………..14 Bees wax………………………1.5
Lanolin……………………...30 Hexadecyl stearate……………10
Perfume……………………..2 Isopropyl myristate…………….8
Castor oil……………………….65
BHA……………………………..0.02
Color……………………………5
Emulsion cream rouge (vanishing type) Liquid rouge
Stearic acid…………………….15 (A) Iso stearic acid…………….0.02
Potassium hydroxide………….0.5 Mineral oil………………….30
Sod. Hydroxide………………..0.18 Iso propyl myristate………..5
Glycerin………………………..8 Colloidal silica……………..1
Water…………………………..76 Color………………………...3
Pigment, Perfume & (B) Water……………………..48.3
Preserative……………………q.s Triethanolamine……………4
Perfume…………………….0.2
 Evaluation
• Melting point
• Colour dispersion
• Aging stability
• Container compatibility
• Sedimentation of liquid rouges
 COSMETICS FOR HAIR
• Includes following type of preparations:-
– Shampoo
– Hair tonics & Conditioners
– Hair colorants and hair color remover
– Hair grooming preparations
– Depilatory & Epilatory
– Shaving soaps & creams
– Hair wave sets & lacquers ,rinses
 SHAMPOO
• Ideal characters of a shampoo:-
– Should effectively and completely remove the dust, excessive
sebum.
– Should effectively wash hair.
– Should produce a good amount of foam
– The shampoo should be easily removed by rinsing with water.
– Should leave the hair non dry ,soft, lustrous with good,
manageability.
– Should impart a pleasant fragrance to the hair,.
– Should not make the hand rough and chapped.
– Should not have any side effects or cause irritation to skin or eye.
• Composition of shampoo:-

1) Principal surfactant (anionic type)

Non ionic surfactant has sufficient cleansing property but have low
foaming power. Cationic are toxic. So anionic are preferred.
2) Secondary surfactant (anionic or ampholytic detergent)
They modify detergent and surfactant properties of principal surfactant.
3) Antidandruff agents (selenium, cadmium sulfide, ZPTO)
4) Conditioning agent (lanolin, oil, herbal extract, egg, amino acids)
5) Pearlescent agents (substituted 4 methyl coumarins)
6) Sequestrants (EDTA)
Added because Ca, Mg salts are present in hard water. Soaps cause
dullness by deposition of Ca, Mg soaps on hair shaft. This prevented by
EDTA.
7) Thickening agents (alginates, PVA, MC)
8) Colors, perfumes and preservatives
 Powder shampoo Antidandruff shampoo
Henna powder ………… 5 gm Selenium disulphide…… 2.5 gm
Borax …………………….15 gm Bentonite ......…………… 5 gm
Sod. carbonate ………… 25 gm Sod. Lauryl Sulphates ... 40 g
Pot. Carbonate ………….. 5 gm Water ………………… 52.5 gm
Soap powder…………….. 50 gm Perfume……………… q.s.
Perfume …………………. q.s.

• Evaluation of shampoos :
– Various physical properties and performance characteristics should be studied.
These are foam formation and foam stability,rheology, of the products, nature
of foam, effect of the shampoo on the hair and its character etc.
– Effect on skin and eye : This can be done by applying it on animals. Irritation
on skin can be studied by applying it on skin and observing the effects on skin.
 CONDITIONERS
Ingredients Quantity
• These are the preparations
used after shampooing to Steryl alcohol 0.6 gm
render the hair more lustrous, Glyceryl 0.2 gm
easy to comb, and free from monostearate
static electricity when dry. Sodium chloride 0.2 gm
Conditioners are usually based Benzalkonium 1.5 gm
chloride
on cationic detergents and
Water 97.5 gm
fatty materials like lanolin, or
mineral oil. Colour q.s.
Perfume q.s.
 Evaluation
• Antiseptic property
• Stability test
• Sensitivity test
 HAIR COLORANTS
• These are used either to hide gray hair or to change the color of the hair .
Hair dyes are divided into
1) Vegetable
Example is Henna
2) Metallic
Example:- Lead dyes, Bismuth dyes, Silver dyes, Copper, nickel, cobalt salts
Formula:- (Lead dyes)
Precipitated sulphur……………….1.3%
Lead acetate………………………..1.6%
Glycerine…………………………….9.6%
Rose water………………………….87.5%
3) Synthetic organic dyes
They are of two types.
a) Semipermanent dye.b) Permanent dyes
Thyoglycolic acid……50% Paraphenylene diamne dye
NH3 solution(PH 9.2)…100%
 Evaluation
• Sensitization test : This can be done on the
animal skin by applying dyestuff or the
preparation and observing the effect on the
skin.
• Long term toxic effect : This is also neccesory
to evaluate the long-term effect. This can also
be done on animal.
 HAIR GROOMING AIDS
• These are important group of cosmetics which are used both by
men and women to keep their hair in order for good looking,
&enhance overall appearance.
• Types:-
– Brilliantines & Hair oils
– Hair setting lotions
– Hair creams
– Hair lacquers or sprays
• Evaluation :
– Stability of the ingredients.
– Physical stability.
– Rheology.
 DEPILATORIES
• These are the preparations that remove superfluous hair by chemical
breakdown. This removes hair at the neck of the hair follicle and thus
has advantage over razor shaver which removes hair on a level with
the surface of epidermis.

• INGREDIENTS :- includes
1. Inorganic sulphates ( Sod, calcium, barium sulphide,Strontium
sulphide)
2. Thioglycollates: - (Calcium.thioglycollate & Lithium thioglycollate)
3. Stannites: - sodium stannite
4. Enzymes:-Keratinase (3-4%)
5. Humectant: - Glycerol,Sorbitol ,Propylene glycol
 Name of ingredient Amount
1.Strontium 20.0 gm
sulphide
2.Talc 20.0gm
3.Methyl cellulose 3.0 gm
4.Glycerin 15.0 gm
5.Water 42.0 gm
6.Perfume q.s
7. Preservative q.s

• Evaluation :
– Estimation of hair removing agents: As high concentration of the
chemical hair remover may be dangerous, it is necessary to measure
the quantity. It can be done by any instrumental chemical analysis.
– Toxicity test: The test can be done on animal. For this purpose
rabbit can be used.
– Stability.
 SHAVING PREPARATIONS
• Type
• Ued before shaving
• Used after shaving
Preparations before shaving includes
1) Lather shaving creams
2) Brushless shaving cream
3) Shaving soaps (solid, cream)
4) Aerosol preparation
Preparation after shaving is
Aftershave lotion
 Brushless shaving cream LATHER SHAVING CREAM

INGREDIENTS AMOUNT INGREDIENTS AMOUNT (%)

Stearic acid 16 gm
Stearic acid 28
Mineral oil 14 gm
Coconut oil 12
Spermaceti 2 gm Palm oil 5
Glycerin 6 gm Pot. hydroxide 6.5

Dil .ammonia solution 2 gm Sod. hydroxide 1.5

Glycerin 10
Water 6 gm
perfume q.s
Perfume q.s
Preservative q.s
Preservative q.s Water to make 100
• Evaluation :
 
– Determination of free caustic alkali.
– Determination of potash soap.
– Determination of total free acids.
– Determination of total fatty materials.
– Foam formation
– Skin sensitization test
– Stability of the creams.
 COSMETICS FOR NAILS
• Includes
 
– Nail polishes
– Nail lacquers & removers
– Nail bleaches & Stain removers
– Cuticle remover & softener
– Fingernail elongations
 NAIL POLISHES
• A distinction between nail polishes and lacquer is that
in nail polish exert the abrasive action. Due to friction it
draw the blood to numerous capillaries of nail bed and
increasing blood supply, and exert stimulating effect to
growth of nail. Examples are stannic oxide, talc,
precipitated chalk. Silica exert abrasive action.
 Formula:- Stannic oxide………………………90%
Powdered silica…………………….8%
Butyl stearate………………………2%
Pigment & Perfume…………….. ..q.s
 NAIL LACQUERS
• These are the preparations that cover the nail with a water and
air impermeable layer which normally remains for days.
• Evalution : 
INGREDIENT AMOUNT
– Non-volatile content
– Drying rate: Nitrocellulose 16 gm
– Smoothness Resin 9 gm
– Hardness plasticizer 4.8 gm
– Adhesion
Solvent 60.5 gm
– Stability
– Water resistance color 0.5 gm
– Viscosity Perfume q.s
– Abrasion resistance
 LACQUER REMOVERS
• These are also called as nail cleansers which is
applied to remove nail lacquers.

Ingredients Amount

Butyl acetate 15 gm

Ethylene glycol monoethyl ether 80 gm

Propylene glycol ricinoleate 05 gm

Perfume q.s
CUTICLE REMOVERS AND SOFTENERS
• Cuticle preparations either soften or remove the cuticles.

• Formula
 
Lanolin 4.0 gm
Beeswax 1.0 gm
Petroleum jelly 95.0 gm
Perfume q.s.
 
• Evaluation parameter :
– Stability of the products, rheology, film characters etc. are some tests
which are required to be done depending on the type of the products
 COSMETICS FOR EYES
• Includes following preparations
– Eye shadow
– Mascara
– Eyebrow pencil
– Eye cream
– Eye liners
– Kajal
 EYE SHADOW
• Give a back ground of color to the eye
• Formulated as cream, liquid, powder or stick.
• Ultramarine(20 part)& Ti02 --- (BLUE)
• Iron oxide(30 part) &Ti02 (5 part)-- (BROWN)

Ingredients Amount
petroleum jelly 47.5 gm
Liquid lanolin 4.5 gm
Bees wax 4.5 gm
Micro 8.5 gm
crystalline wax
Isopropyl myristate 35 gm
 EYE LINER
• Types
1. Pencil type
2. Liquid type (suspension in a base containing film forming material)
3. Cake eye liners

• Formulation of Cake type eyeliner

Kaolin 5%
Zn Stearate 12%
Ppted Caco3 7%
Pigment 10%
Talc to make 100 %
 EYE BROW PENCIL
• Contain high proportion of wax to increase M.P so that these can be moulded
into sticks

Ingredient Amount
Bees wax 25%
Ozokerite 25%
Butyl stearate 8%
Lanolin 2%
Castor oil 25%
Mineral oil 15%
Perfume q.s
Antioxidant q.s
 MASCARA
• Black pigmented preparation for applying to eye
lashes or eye brows ,it darkens the eye lashes &
gives an illusion of their density and length.
• Type:- Cake , Cream , Liquid
Formulation of liquid mascara

Carbon black 55 %
Coconut oil sodium soap 25%
Palm oil –sodium soap 22.5%
 TOOTH PASTES
• Tooth pastes are most popular valuable and widely
used preparations for cleansing the teeth. It has largest
share of dental cleansing and care preparations.
• Tooth pastes are preferred over other dental
preparations because of following reasons.
– Easy to take and spread on the tooth brush
– No spillage or wastage
– Attractive consistency
– Proper distribution in mouth
– Available in wide varieties
• Formulation
– The binder is premixed with solid abrasive, which
is then mixed with the liquid phase, containing
humectant, preservative and sweetener into a
mixer. After formation of homogeneous paste, the
flavour and detergent are added, mixed, milled
deairated and tubed.
 TOOTH POWDERS
• Tooth powders are oldest and simplest
preparations. Over the years their market share
has been reduced due to popularity of pastes,
but steel they have a considerable market share.
• The main problems encountered with powders
are-
– Floating of powder in air during manufacturing.
– Formation of cake on storage
– Uneven distribution in mouth
• General procedure for manufacture
– This is done by simple mixing
– First ingredients of small quantity are premixed
and then mixed with other ingredients.
– Ribbon type or agitator type of mixer are used.
– Flavour can be sprayed on to the bulk or can be
premixed with part of some abrasive.
 EVALUATION OF SOLID DENTAL PRODUCTS

• Identification of ingredients and estimation of their contents are essential

components of overall quality control and evaluation of dental care products. The
products, tooth pastes and tooth powders, can be basically classified into foam
forming and non-foam forming.

 Some other special evaluation tests are as follows:

 
Abrasiveness
Particle size
Cleansing property
Consistency
PH of the product
Foaming character
Limit test for arsenic and lead
 Volatile matters and moisture
Effect of special ingredients
THANK YOU