Scribd
Upload
63 views11 pages

Chapter 4 - Adjustment of PH

Uploaded by

sheil.cogay
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
63 views11 pages

Chapter 4 - Adjustment of PH

Uploaded by

sheil.cogay
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 11

AQUACULTURE

ENGINEERING
CHAPTER 4
ADJUSTMENT OF pH
*pH
-is the measure of acidity or alkalinity in the
water.


*pH

faeces CO2
(Ammonia)
NH3
*pH
*pH and Hardness
Soft water:
Hardness

GH KH pH
General Carbonate
Hardness (GH) Hardness (KH)
Hard water:

Ex: Ca2+,
Na+, Mg2+,
Ex: HCO3-, GH KHpH
CO32-
Mn2+
*PROBLEMS WITH LOW pH
*pH ADJUSTMENT
*LIME (CaCO3)
1. LIMESTONE
POWDER

Can increase turbidity


*pH ADJUSTMENT
*LIME (CaCO3) 1. LIMESTONE
POWDER
*pH ADJUSTMENT
*LIME (CaCO3)

2. SHELL-SAND FILTER

Simple system
Low cost
*pH ADJUSTMENT
*SEA WATER 2-4%
addition of
Hashigh buffering capacity and contains seawater
free carbonate ions () and/or bicarbonate 14
ions ()
Basic pH

Disadvantage:
-contains pathogenic micro-organisms,
7
poisonous algae and other substances Conduc-
tivity
Remedy:
Acid
-pump from large depth
-pump from groundwater wells
-disinfect 0
*pH ADJUSTMENT
*LYE OR HYDROXIDES
NaOH
3% solution

Disadvantage:
-prone to overdosing, results to too high
pH and toxic to fish
-corrosive

You might also like