Public hearing on

USING NER 300 and THE ENERGY

RECOVERY PLAN TO RENEW THE ENERGY
SECTOR
The Concept of Storage
Bernard Delpech

Why do we need it? EASE President

Deputy Executive Vice-President of EDF R&D

European Parliament
27 November 2013 - 9.00 - 11.00
Altiero Spinelli - Meeting room 5G3
Outline

I. About EASE
Top Priorities and Members

II. What is Energy Storage?

The concept

III. Context
Intermittent energy sources increase the need of flexibility

IV. Energy Storage Technologies: An overview of possible

applications
Many new technologies, but what are the applications?

V. Development of storage: The stakes

Significant efforts in RD&D
Open-regulation for storage

VI. Conclusions

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 I. About EASE
Top priorities and Members

The European Association for Storage of Energy (EASE) is the voice of the
energy storage community, actively promoting the use of energy storage in
Europe and worldwide.

EASE actively supports the deployment of energy storage as an

indispensable instrument within the framework of the European energy and
climate policy to deliver services to, and improve the flexibility of, the
European energy system.

EASE seeks to build a European platform for sharing and disseminating

energy storage-related information.

EASE supports the transition towards a sustainable, flexible and stable

energy system in Europe.

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I. About EASE
Top priorities and Members

4
 II. What is Energy Storage?
The concept

Energy storage devices are charged when they absorb energy, either
directly from renewable generation devices or indirectly from the electricity
grid.

They discharge when they deliver the stored energy back into the grid.

Charge and discharge normally require power conversion devices, to

transform electrical energy (AC or DC) into a different form of
electrical, thermal, mechanical or chemical energy.

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III. Context
Intermittent energy sources increase the need of flexibility

Ambitious European and national energy policies present opportunities

for storage
Energy policies promoted by the EU policy makers design a new context for
European power systems.
The main trends are:
Consolidation of a decarbonised generation mix
Development of renewable energy sources (RES)
Demand Response
Adaptation of the physical infrastructure (mainly in transmission and
distribution)
Integration of electricity markets to improve use of the generation and
transmission infrastructure and reduce price volatility both in time and location

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III. Context
Intermittent energy sources increase the need of flexibility
Ambitious European and national energy policies present opportunities
for storage
Share of intermittent RES in Europe in
2012 and targets for 2020

(GW)* On-shore Wind + off-shore Wind + Solar

Sources :
EUROBSERVER, EREC, GWEC, IEA, REE, GOV.UK,
AGEE, RTE, RenewableEnergyWorld, Gov.cn

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III. Context
Intermittent energy sources increase the need of flexibility
Residual Demand (average Power by day= Energy by day /24)
Average Variability
30 GW
10 / 70 GW

Average Load factor

5800 h

Residual Demand with 15% of wind + solar (2020)

Average Variability
90 GW
30 / 150 GW

Average Load factor

5100 h

Residual demand with 40% of wind+solar (2030)

Average Variability
200 GW per day
100/300 GW

Average Load factor

3800 h
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Source: EDF R&D, 25 September 2013
III. Context
Intermittent energy sources increase the need of flexibility

All flexibility sources will be needed:

Dispatchable power plants;
Demand-side response via a smart grid;
Interconnection with adjacent markets;

Energy storage.

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IV. Energy Storage Technologies: An overview of possible applications

Many new technologies, but what are the applications?

EASE supports all energy storage technologies and believes that storage
needs to be addressed agnostically.

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 IV. Energy Storage Technologies: An overview of possible applications

Many new technologies, but what are the applications?

Some technologies such as pumped hydro storage, compressed air energy

storage, hydrogen and thermal storage are characterised by their ability to
store energy over time (several hours)
Others, e.g. batteries and flywheels, are characterised by their ability to
deliver power very fast

Batteries PHS, CAES, H2 and

and flywheels thermal storage

Storage duration

Several seconds Several hours to several

to several minutes days or weeks

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 IV. Energy Storage Technologies: An overview of possible applications

Many new technologies, but what are the applications?

EASE has identified and described a comprehensive set of energy storage
applications and organised them by segment of the energy system.

Generation
Transmission Distribution Customer Services
Conventional Renewable
Distributed Participation to the primary End-user peak
Black start Capacity support
Generation flexibility frequency control shaving
Participation to the secondary Dynamic, local voltage Time-of-use energy
Arbitrage Capacity firming
frequency control control cost management
Support to Particular
Limitation of upstream Participation to the tertiary Contingency grid
conventional requirements in power
perturbations frequency control support
generation quality
Curtailment Improvement of the frequency Continuity of energy
Intentional islanding
minimisation stability of weak grids supply
Limitation of
Reactive power
Investment deferral upstream
compensation
disturbances
Distribution power Compensation of the
Participation to angular stability
quality reactive power
Limitation of upstream

perturbations
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IV. Energy Storage Technologies: An overview of possible applications

Many new technologies, but what are the applications?

For Renewable Energy Sources generation in specific, energy storage is
well suited to:

Generation
Renewable
Distributed Generation flexibility
Capacity firming
Limitation of upstream perturbations
Curtailment minimisation

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V. Development of storage: the stakes
Significant efforts in RD&D

Innovation in storage technologies (performance, cost, materials) is

necessary but demonstration of the technical feasibility of storage

solutions is also crucial. We need this to have the best cost for European
Electricity.

RD&D of energy storage is identified in several existing European technology

platforms.

The EU and Member States need to further support R,D&D of energy storage if
this technology should become a success story.

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V. Development of storage: the stakes
Significant efforts in RD&D (short term)
Joint EASE / EERA main recommendations for European Energy storage
technology development roadmap towards 2030

In a time frame of 2 years, EASE and EERA recommend the

following RD&D priorities :
RD&D on storage has to be strong
Starting small to medium scale European demonstration and pilot programs focusing on
grid integration of energy storage technologies
Activating small scale grid-connected battery experiments at different voltage levels
Initiating pilot projects for thermal management and industrial waste heat storage
Encouraging modeling efforts

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V. Development of storage: the stakes
Open-regulation for storage (short term)

Regulation:
Even if storage seems able to provide services efficiently to the system (validation in
progress in the demonstrators), some regulation barriers or cross-border differences
prevent its development. An homogeneous treatment could help.

Define a fair market design for all services provided by energy storage
is necessary
European benchmark on primary frequency regulation
More market integration is needed (cf. graph)
Storage can provide applications
to both regulated and non-regulated part of
the system - market solutions should be preferred

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 V. Development of storage: the stakes
For the midterm
Joint EASE / EERA main recommendations for European Energy storage
technology development roadmap towards 2030

In a time frame of 2-5 years, EASE and EERA recommend

changes on Regulation/ Market Design aspects:
Designing of market terms for integrating energy storage in the electricity market
Initiating heat storage experiments (including underground technology) to obtain
practical experience for different storage configurations
Initiating medium to large scale underground heat storage experiments to obtain
practical experience with storage properties in different geological formations

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VI. Conclusions
Energy Storage will provide essential services along the whole energy chain:
Balancing demand & supply
Managing Transmission & Distribution grids
Promoting demand side management
Contributing to competitive & secure electricity supply

... thereby supporting in numerous aspects the transition towards a secure,

competitive and decarbonised energy system in Europe!

European RD&D for energy storage is at the heart of the energy system
decarbonisation.

EASE believes that the NER300, conceived as a catalyst for the demonstration of
innovative renewable energy (RES) technologies on a commercial scale within the
European Union, should look into energy storage as a fundamental instrument for
RES integration.
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 Contacts

Thank you for the attention

Secretary General: Patrick Clerens

EASE European Association for Storage of
Energy Policy Officer: Maria Joo Duarte

Avenue Adolphe Lacombl 59/8 | B - 1030 Brussels

Communications Officer: Tom De Latte
Tel: +32 2 743 29 82 | Fax: +32 2 743 29 90
[email protected] Technical Advisor: Jean-Michel Durand
www.ease-storage.eu

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Members