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Question No 2

The document discusses the importance of a balanced diet and what constitutes a balanced diet. It notes that a balanced diet contains carbohydrates, proteins, fats, minerals, vitamins, water and fiber in the correct quantities according to factors like age, size, sex, occupation, activity level, climate and health. It also discusses the roles of carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals, water and fiber in the diet. Finally, it presents the healthy eating pyramid as a guide for planning a balanced diet by choosing foods from each of the major food groups.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
74 views38 pages

Question No 2

The document discusses the importance of a balanced diet and what constitutes a balanced diet. It notes that a balanced diet contains carbohydrates, proteins, fats, minerals, vitamins, water and fiber in the correct quantities according to factors like age, size, sex, occupation, activity level, climate and health. It also discusses the roles of carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals, water and fiber in the diet. Finally, it presents the healthy eating pyramid as a guide for planning a balanced diet by choosing foods from each of the major food groups.

Uploaded by

Palwasha Khan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Balanced DIET

Shajeer. S
BCH 10-05-03
THE IMPORTANCE OF A BALANCED DIET

What is a diet ?
Diet refers to the food and drinks that we consume daily.
A balanced diet :
One which contains carbohydrates, proteins, fats, minerals,
vitamins, water
and fibre in the correct quantities and proportions.
- must contain the right amount of energy to enable a person to meet
his daily activities.
- In order to stay healthy.
- The composition of balanced diet varies from one individual to another,
according to :
1. Age
2. Size
3. Sex
4. Job/occupation
5. Physical activity
6. Climate
7. State of health
Age:
growing children and young people are
very
active and require more energy.
older people do not need to eat as
much food
(less active and do not grow any more).
Body size :
the bigger a person is, the more food
he or she is need to survive.
the rate of metabolism is higher in
a bigger person.

Sex :
men need more energy rich nutrients
than women (small amount of fatty tissue)
women need bigger amounts of some
minerals and vitamins.

Job/occupation
a sedentary worker requires a lower
energy intake than a manual worker
like a trishaw peddler.
UNBALANCED DIET
People can suffer from malnutrition and deficiency disease when do not
eat a balanced diet.
may have sufficient energy but deficient in certain classes of food.
millions of people in the world suffer from:
- high blood pressure, heart disease (a diet which contains too much
salt)
- osteoporosis ( lack of Calcium)
-diabetes mellitus, obesity (a diet which contains too much
sugar, carbohydrates and fats)
ENERGY VALUE OF FOOD

the unit of energy in food can be measured in calories (cal) or


joules (J).
Calorific value : the amount of energy released from 1 gram of a
particular type of food
: the amount of heat energy released when 1 gram of
food is
completely burnt in the air.
: 1 calorie (cal) equal to 4.2 joules (J)
: is measured in kilojoules per gram (kJ/g) or
kilocalories per gram (kcal/g)
energy values of food depends on the class of food.
WHAT ARE THE 7 FACTORS OF A
BALANCED DIET ?
The seven factors of
a balanced diet
Carbohydrate Fats
s

Protei BALANCED Fibre


n DIET

Water
Vitamins Minerals
Carbohydrates are important because they maintain our bodys energy
stores.

There are 2 types of carbohydrate.

1. Sugars
2. Starch

Carbohydrates are stored in the muscle and the liver as GLYCOGEN.


This can quickly be converted into glucose and used as ENERGY in the
Muscles. It is the Starches which provide the Energy we need when we
take part in sport.
Fat is important because it also provides Energy and helps to make
other things work.

There are 3 types of Fat.

1. Saturated fats
2. Polyunsaturated fats
3. Monounsaturated fats
Protein also provides Energy but its main function is as a body builder
and repairer when recovering from injury.

Protein comes from 2 types of food.

1. Animal protein as found in meat, poultry and fish and dairy products
2. Plant or vegetable protein as found in beans, nuts, bread, potatoes,
cereals, pasta and rice which are also a source of carbohydrate.
VITAMINS
Vitamins are only required in small quantities and are needed for:

1. Good vision
2. Good skin
3. Red blood cell formation
4. Healing
5. Healthy bones and teeth
6. Blood clotting
Minerals are inorganic substances that our bodies need for a variety of
functions.

Examples are:

1. Calcium- vital to health especially during growth in childhood.


2. Iron- linked with the blood. A lack of iron can lead to ANAEMIA which
makes people very tired and irritable.
WATER
Water is a means of transport for nutrients, waste and hormones. It
also controls the distribution of body salts.

Taking in water is vital for everyone as it makes up about half of the


bodys weight. It is needed to control body temperature especially
when we are exercising.
Fibre adds bulk to food and is important in the functioning of the
digestive system.
So The seven factors
of a balanced diet
Carbohydrate Fats
s

Protei BALANCED Fibre


n DIET

Water
Vitamins Minerals
PLANNING A BALANCED DIET

the different kinds of local food have the different


calorific values.
to ensure that the diet is balanced, we have to choose
a food type from each of the four main group in food
pyramid.
to ensure that the body has sufficient energy to
function physically, to grow and to maintain good
health.
Healthy Eating Pyramid

Carbohydrates: take most


food from this group (rice,
pasta, bread, potatoes)
Healthy Eating Pyramid

Fruit and vegetables: take 5


portions a day from this
group
Carbohydrates: take most
food from this group (rice,
pasta, bread, potatoes)
Healthy Eating Pyramid

Meat, fish and dairy:


take something from
this group
Fruit and vegetables: take 5
portions a day from this
group
Carbohydrates: take most
food from this group (rice,
pasta, bread, potatoes)
Healthy Eating Pyramid
Foods high in fats and
sugars: take only small
amounts from this group

Meat, fish and dairy:


take something from
this group
Fruit and vegetables: take 5
portions a day from this
group
Carbohydrates: take most
food from this group (rice,
pasta, bread, potatoes)
Thanks

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