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Analysis and Design of E-Commerce Systems: Lesson - 2 Introduction To System Design Environment

This document discusses different types of information systems and the roles of systems analysts. It describes transaction processing systems, management information systems, decision support systems, and expert systems. It explains that systems analysts study business problems and needs to identify information requirements, then transform these into computer-based information systems. Systems analysts require analytical, technical, managerial, and interpersonal skills to understand organizations, identify issues, and effectively communicate solutions.

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hamedsky
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132 views

Analysis and Design of E-Commerce Systems: Lesson - 2 Introduction To System Design Environment

This document discusses different types of information systems and the roles of systems analysts. It describes transaction processing systems, management information systems, decision support systems, and expert systems. It explains that systems analysts study business problems and needs to identify information requirements, then transform these into computer-based information systems. Systems analysts require analytical, technical, managerial, and interpersonal skills to understand organizations, identify issues, and effectively communicate solutions.

Uploaded by

hamedsky
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 21

BAD 2014

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN


OF E-COMMERCE SYSTEMS

Lesson – 2

Introduction to system Design


Environment
Introduction to system Design
Environment
System analysis and Design Approaches

Role and Responsibilities of an


organization in System design

System Analysts and their Skills

Types of Information Systems


ICT ORGANIZATION
• Organizations can take two directions while building their information
systems, one is to develop in-house, the other direction is to buy or build
through out sourcing. Some time organization will also use the combination of
both options. Under all these situations several job types are involved.

• In an organization that develops its own information systems internally, there


are several types of jobs involved, there will be a separate IS department. IS
department may be independent unit having its own top manager, or may be
part of another functional department, such as finance, or there may be even
an IS department in several major business units.

• Systems development team normally includes ICT Manager. System Analyst,


Programmer, Technicians.

• In this lesson we will focus on the role and functions of System Analyst.
System Analysts and their Skills
System Analyst
are the people who can UNDERSTAND
both

Business Computing
They study the Business

Problems Opportunities

They find out -


What are the Information requirement
1) to solve the problem or
2) to take advantage of the opportunities

Then transforms into


the Computer Based Information System
Role of the Systems Analyst
• Study problems and needs of an organization

• Determine best approach to improving organization


Information technology

• Identifies business information requirements

• Transform business information requirements into


the computer based information systems.

• They are Change Agents. They change and


improve the ways the organization does business
Skills of a Successful Systems Analyst
• Analytical
– Understanding of organizations
– System thinking
• Ability to see organizations and information
systems as systems
– Problem identification & solving skills
• Technical
– Understanding of potential and limitations
of technology
– Constant re-education is necessary as technology
changes rapidly.
Skills of a Successful Systems Analyst

• Managerial
– Ability to manage resources, projects, risk
and change
• Interpersonal
– Effective written and oral communication
skills
Skills of a Successful Systems Analyst
• 1. ANALYTICAL SKILLS : will help System Analyst understand organization goals,
policies and its function, so that he can bring out the opportunities and problems
involved. This will help him to frame the objective and scope of the system.

• 2. TECHNICAL SKILLS : as he will be responsible for developing computer based


systems, he should have complete understanding of hardware, software and network
concepts. He should have complete knowledge about the strength and weakness of
various available and upcoming technologies.

• 3. MANAGEMENT SKILLS : System Analyst should have leadership skills as he will


leading a team of developers and managing the project. His management capabilities
will include skills like resource-management, project-management, risk-management,
and change management.

• 4. INTERPERSONAL SKILLS: System Analyst will be extensively coordinating with end


users as well as with the development team involved in the projects. System Analyst
should develop good written and oral communication skills, including competence in
leading meetings, and interviewing.
Types of Information Systems
Types of Information Systems
and Systems Development

• So far we are looking into information systems generally but


Information systems could be distinguished from each other on the
basis of what the system does or by the technology used to construct
the systems or based on user position in a organization.

• Based on the points highlighted above the information systems may


be classified as various types of information systems as listed in next
slide,
Types of Information Systems
and Systems Development
• Transaction Processing Systems (TPS)
– Automate handling of data about business activities
(transactions)
• Management Information Systems (MIS)
– Converts raw data from transaction processing system
into meaningful form
• Decision Support Systems (DSS)
– Designed to help decision makers
– Provides interactive environment for decision making
• Expert Systems (ES)
– Replicates decision-making process
– Knowledge representation describes the way an
expert would approach the problem
Transaction Processing Systems (TPS)
– Automate handling of data about business activities
(transactions)

• The analysis and design requires to focus on


the firm’s current procedures for processing
transactions.
• How does the organization track, capture,
process and output data.
• The goal of TPS development is to improve
transactions processing by speeding it up,
using fewer people, and integrating it with
other organizational information systems.
Management Information Systems (MIS)
•Converts raw data from transaction processing system into
meaningful form.
•Where as TPS keeps track of sales, a MIS can pinpoint which
items are selling slowly and which are selling quickly.

• Developing MIS calls for a good


understanding of what kind of information
required by managers and how managers
use information in their jobs.
• MIS often require data from several TPS
• draw on data from various subject areas,
developing a comprehensive and accurate
model of data is essential in building an MIS
Decision Support Systems (DSS)
Designed to help decision makers
Provides interactive environment for decision making

The analysis and design for DSS often concentrates on


• concentrates on the three main DSS components:
database, model base and user dialogue.
• As with an MIS, a data orientation is most often used
for understanding user requirements.
• The system analysis and design project will carefully
document the mathematical rules that define inter
relationships among different data.
• Decision logic must be carefully understood and
documented
Expert Systems (ES)
The ES asks questions (which an expert would ask) and
the end users supplies the answers. The answers are
then used to determine which rules apply and the ES
provides a recommendation based on the rules.

• The focus on developing an ES is


acquiring the knowledge of the expert
in particular problem domain.
• Knowledge engineers perform
knowledge acquisition; they are similar
to System Analyst but are trained to
use different techniques.
Summary

• In this module we have learned, what is


Systems, systems analysis, concepts of
systems. We also went through various
analysis and design approaches. Further we
had a brief idea on organization structure of
information function, and within that the role
of systems analyst. Finally we understood
various classifications or types of
information systems with in a organization.

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