Control System Engineering

TOPIC
BLOCK DIAGRAM EXAMPLES

Kuntumal Sagar M.
B.TECH (E.E)
UID-U41000000484
Email: [email protected]
 Example 9
Find the transfer function of the following block diagrams

G4
R(s) Y (s )
G1 G2 G3

H2

H1
 I
G4
R (s ) B A
Y (s )
G1 G2 G3
H2
H1 G2

Solution:

G2
1. Moving pickoff point A ahead of block

2. Eliminate loop I & simplify

B
G4 G2G3
 G4
R (s )
GG4
B A G2 G3
Y (s )
G1 2 G 3

H2
H1G2

3. Moving pickoff point B behind block G4 G2G3

II
R (s ) B C
Y (s)
G1 G4 G2G3
H2
H1G2 1 /(G4 G2G3 )
 4. Eliminate loop III

R (s ) Y (s )
G1 GG4 4GG2G2G3 3
C C

1 H 2 (GH4 2 G2G3 )
G2 H1
G4 G2G3
Using rule 6

R (s ) G1 (G4 G2G3 ) Y (s)

1 G1G 2 H1 H 2 (G4 G2G3 )

Y (s) G1 (G4 G2G3 )

T (s)
R ( s ) 1 G1G 2 H1 H 2 (G4 G2G3 ) G1 (G4 G2G3 )
Example 10
Find the transfer function of the following block diagrams

R (s ) Y (s )
G1 G2

H1 H2

H3
Solution:

1. Eliminate loop I

R (s ) A
G2 I
B
Y (s)
G1 G2
H1
1 GH2 H
2
2

H3
G2
2. Moving pickoff point A behind block
1 G2 H 2
R (s ) A G2 B
Y (s)
G1
1 G2 H 2

1 G2 H 2 II
H1 1 G2 H 2
G2 H 3 H1 ( )
G2
H3 Not a feedback loop
 3. Eliminate loop II

R (s ) G1G2 Y (s )
1 G2 H 2

H1 (1 G2 H 2 )
H3
G2
Using rule 6

Y (s) G1G2
T ( s)
R( s) 1 G2 H 2 G1G2 H 3 G1 H1 G1G2 H1 H 2
 Example 11
Find the transfer function of the following block diagrams

H4
R (s ) Y (s )
G1 G2 G3 G4

H3

H2

H1
Solution:

1. Moving pickoff point A behind block G4

I
H4
R (s ) Y (s )
A B
G1 G2 G3 G4
H3 1
H3 G4 G4
H2 1
H2
G4 G4
H1
 2. Eliminate loop I and Simplify

R (s ) II Y (s )
G2G3G4 B
G1
1 G3G4 H 4
H3
G4
H2
G4 III
H1

II feedback III Not feedback

G2G3G4 H 2 G4 H1
1 G3G4 H 4 G2G3 H 3 G4
 3. Eliminate loop II & IIII

R (s ) G1G2G3G4 Y (s )
1 G3G4 H 4 G2G3 H 3

H 2 G4 H1
G4
Using rule 6

Y (s) G1G2G3G4
T ( s)
R( s) 1 G2G3 H 3 G3G4 H 4 G1G2G3 H 2 G1G2G3G4 H1
Example 12
Find the transfer function of the following block diagrams

H2

R(s ) A Y (s)
G1 G2 G3 B

H1

G4
Solution:

1. Moving pickoff point A behind block G3

I
H2

R (s ) A B Y (s)
G1 G2 G3
1
H1 G3
1
H1 G3
G4
 2. Eliminate loop I & Simplify

H2

B
G2 G3 B G2G3

1 H1
H2
H1 G3 G3
II
R (s ) G2G3 Y (s )
G1
1 G2 H1 G2G3 H 2

H1
G3

G4
3. Eliminate loop II

R (s ) G1G2G3 Y (s )
1 G2 H1 G2G3 H 2 G1G2 H 1

G4

Y (s) G1G2G3
T ( s) G4
R( s) 1 G2 H1 G2G3 H 2 G1G2 H1
Example-13: Simplify the Block Diagram.
Example-13: Continue.
Example-14: Reduce the Block Diagram.
Example-14: Continue.
Example-15: Reduce the Block Diagram. (from Nise: page-242)
Example-15: Continue.
Example-16: Reduce the system to a single
transfer function. (from Nise:page-243).
 Example-17: Simplify the block diagram then obtain the
close-loop transfer function C(S)/R(S). (from Ogata: Page-47)
 Example-18: Multiple Input System. Determine the
output C due to inputs R and U using the Superposition
Method.
Example-18: Continue.
Example-18: Continue.
Example-19: Multiple-Input System. Determine the output C
due to inputs R, U1 and U2 using the Superposition Method.
Example-19: Continue.
Example-19: Continue.
Example-20: Multi-Input Multi-Output System. Determine C1 and C2 due to R1 and R2.
Example-20: Continue.
 Example-20: Continue.

When R1 = 0,

When R2 = 0,
Block Diagram of Armature Controlled
D.C Motor
Ra La
c
ia
eb T J
Va
V=
f
co
ns
ta
nt

La s Ra I a(s) K b(s) Va(s)

Js c (s) K ma I a(s)
Block Diagram of Armature Controlled
D.C Motor
La s Ra I a(s) K b(s) Ea(s)
Block Diagram of Armature Controlled
D.C Motor

Js c (s) K ma I a(s)
Block Diagram of Armature Controlled
D.C Motor
Block Diagram of liquid level system

h1 h2 dh1
q1 C1 q q1
R1 dt

h2
q2 dh2
R2 C2 q1 q2
dt
 Block Diagram of liquid level system
h1 h2 dh1
L q1 C1 q q1
R1 dt L

H 1 (s ) H 2 (s )
Q1 (s ) C1sH 1 (s ) Q(s ) Q1 (s )
R1

h2
q2 dh2
R2 C2 q1 q2
L dt L

H 2 (s ) C 2 sH 2 (s ) Q1 (s ) Q2 (s )
Q2 (s )
R2
 Block Diagram of liquid level system

H 1 (s ) H 2 (s ) C1sH 1 (s ) Q(s ) Q1 (s )
Q1 (s )
R1

H 2 (s ) C 2 sH 2 (s ) Q1 (s ) Q2 (s )
Q2 (s )
R2
Block Diagram of liquid level system
 N K
H A
T O U
Y