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Cross-Sectional Design: Risk Factor Disease Risk Factor No Disease No Risk Factor Disease

1) The document describes four main epidemiological study designs: cross-sectional, prospective cohort, retrospective cohort, and nested case-control. 2) Cross-sectional design measures prevalence of disease and risk factors at one time point, while prospective cohort follows populations over time to measure incidence. 3) Retrospective cohort looks back in time to study relationship between past exposures and current disease outcomes. 4) Nested case-control design selects cases and controls from within an existing cohort to study disease etiology.

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Hengki Permana Putra
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69 views5 pages

Cross-Sectional Design: Risk Factor Disease Risk Factor No Disease No Risk Factor Disease

1) The document describes four main epidemiological study designs: cross-sectional, prospective cohort, retrospective cohort, and nested case-control. 2) Cross-sectional design measures prevalence of disease and risk factors at one time point, while prospective cohort follows populations over time to measure incidence. 3) Retrospective cohort looks back in time to study relationship between past exposures and current disease outcomes. 4) Nested case-control design selects cases and controls from within an existing cohort to study disease etiology.

Uploaded by

Hengki Permana Putra
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Cross-sectional design

Risk factor; Risk factor;


Disease No disease
No risk
No
Risk
riskfactor;
factor;
factor;
Populatio NoDisease
disease
n Disease
Sample
Prospective cohort design

No
Risk factor Disease
disease
present

Risk factor
Populatio absent
n No
Disease
Sample disease

THE FUTURE
THE PRESENT
Retrospective cohort design

No
Risk factor Disease
disease
present

Risk factor
Populatio absent
n No
Disease
Sample disease

THE PRESENT
THE PAST
Nested case-control design

Risk All
Risk factor factor Disease present Popu-
present Disease cases
absent lation

Risk Study
Risk factor Sample
factor Disease absent cohort
present of controls
absent

MEASUREMENT
IN THE PRESENT;
SPECIMENT FROM THE PAST THE PRESENT
Case-control design

Populatio
Risk n
Risk factor factor
present
Disease Sample of with
absent cases disease
(Cases)

Much larger
Risk Sample
Risk factor No population
factor of controls
present disease without disease
absent
(Controls)

THE PAST
THE PRESENT
OR PRESENT

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