Lecturer Engr Muhammad Irfan

BSc in civil engineering

UNIVERSITY OF SARGODHA
Analysis of Frames
Lecture Outlines

Internal Loadings at a Specified Point

3
Internal Loadings at a Specified Point

V
M M
N N

N N

V
M M

V
4
Positive Sign Convention
Example 4-1

Determine the internal shear and moment acting in the cantilever beam shown in
the figure at sections passing through points C and D.

5 kN 5 kN 5 kN 5 kN 5 kN

1m 1m 1m 1m 1m
20 kNm
A C B
D

5
 SOLUTION

5 kN 5 kN 5 kN
MC
1m 1m 1m
0 = NC 20 kNm
VC B
C

+ Fy = 0: VC -5 - 5 - 5 = 0, VC = 15 kN

+ MC = 0: -MC -5(1) - 5(2) - 5(3) -20 = 0, MC = -50 kN

5 kN 5 kN 5 kN 5 kN
MD
1m 1m 1m
0 = ND 20 kNm
VD B
D

+ Fy = 0: VD -5 - 5 - 5 -5 = 0, VD = 20 kN

+ MD = 0: -MD -5(1) - 5(2) - 5(3) -20 = 0, 6 MD = -50 kN

L L

M M
x x

wo L2 Parabolic curve
-PL 2
7
 wo

Mo
L L

M M
x
Mo
x wo L2 Cubic curve
6

8
DEFLECTED CURVE
+M +M

-M -M
positive moment, negative moment,
concave upward concave downward
P1 P1

P2 P2
M M

x x

inflection point
inflection point 9
Example 4-14
Draw the moment diagrams for the beam shown at the top of
the figure below using the method of superposition. Consider
the beam to be cantilevered from the support at B.

5 kN/m
20 kNm

2m 6m

10
 5 kN/m M (kNm)
20 kNm 20 kNm 70
x (m)
12 m -20

=
=
5 kN/m
M (kNm) 90

x (m)
12 m
+
M (kNm)
20 kNm +
x (m)

12 m -20

+ M (kNm) +
20 kNm

12 m x (m)
11 -20
Shear & Moment Diagrams for Frame
P1 P1

C
B Cx

P2 Cy
P2

A
MB

By P1 Ay
Bx By By
Bx MB Bx Cx
B MB
P2
Bx Cy
By

MB
Ay 12
 MB

By
Bx MB
P2 = Bx

P2 P2 By
Bx Cx
MB

Cy
Ay
By By = Cy

B MB C MB

MB

A 13

13
Example 4-12

Draw the shear and moment diagrams for the frame shown . Assume A, C and D
are pinned and B is a fixed joint.

15 kN
4m 4m
3 kN/m

B C

12 m

60 kNm
A
D
14

14
Find the Reaction
15 kN 15 kN
4m 4m
3 kN/m 4m 4m
Cx = 5 kN
B C B
Cy = 42 kN
Cy = 42 kN
36 kN
12 m
Cx = 5 kN

60 kNm
A Ax = 41 kN
D
Ay = -27 kN

60 kNm

Dx = 5 kN
15

Dy = 42 kN 15
Member AB

By = 27 kN
MB = 276 kNm
x (m) x (m)
Bx = 5 kN 5
B 276
3 kN/m

12 m

A
Ax=41 kN 41 V (kN) M (kNm)
Ay= 27 kN

16

16
Member BC
By = 27 kN 15 kN
MB = 276 kNm
276 kNm
4m 4m
Bx = 5 kN 5 kN 5 kN
B B C
27 kN 42 kN
3 kN/m

12 m
V (kN)
x (m)
- -
-27
-42 -42
A
41 kN
27 kN 276
168
M
(kNm)
x (m)

17

17
Member CD

42 kN
x (m) x (m)
5 kN
-5 C

12 m
-
+

60 kNm
60
5 kN
-5 D
M (kNm) V (kN)
42 kN

18

18
Bending moment diagram of frame

15 kN
4m 4m
276
3 kN/m
168
B C +

276 C
B
12 m

60 kNm
A +
D

A 60 D

19

19
Example 4-13

Draw the moment diagram for the frame shown . Assume A is pin, C is a
roller, and B is a fixed joint.

80 kN
B C
40 kN/m
3m
2m

A 4m 4m

20

20
 80 kN
B

120 kN 82.5 kN = Cy 3m
2m
120 kN = Ax 36.87o 1.5 m

4m 4m

Ay = 2.5 kN

+ MA = 0;
- (120)(1.5) - (80)(6) + 8Cy = 0
Cy = 82.5 kN,
+ Fx = 0;
-Ax + 120 = 0; Ax = 120 kN ,

+ Fy = 0;
- Ay - 80 + 82.5 = 0; Ay = 2.5 kN , 21

21
 36.87o 80 kN
By cos 36.87 By =2.5 kN 170 kNm = MB
By sin 36.87 2m 2m C
B MB =170 kNm 0 kN = Bx
Bx = 0 kN B
170 kNm= MB
2.5 kN = By
1.5 kN = Bx 82.5 kN
By = 2 kN
Bxcos 36.87
Member BC
36.87o
Bxsin 36.87 + MB = 0:
-MB -80(2) + 82.5(4) = 0, MB = 170 kNm
2 kN= By MB =170 kNm + Fy = 0: -By - 80 + 82.5 = 0, By = 2.5 kN ,
B Bx =1.5 kN
Joint B
1.5 m 120 kN
+ Fx = 0;
120 kN 1.5 m
36.87o -Bxcos 36.87 + Bysin 36.87 + 0 = 0 -----(1)
A
2.5 kN + Fy = 0;
-Bxsin 36.87 - Bycos 36.87 + 2.5 = 0 -----(2)
22
From eq. (1) and (2): Bx = 1.5 kN By = 2 kN22
 1.5 kN

7o
.8
170 kNm

36
in
2 kN
0s
12 B
120 kN

/m
36.87o

kN
1.5 kN

4
120 kN

4.
=1
170 kNm
5m

5
7/
36.87o o 2 kN

.8
.13 36
53 2.5 kN
sin
0
12

x (m)
4.86m - -2
170
97.5 kN
70 kN 170.1
70 +
x (m)
V (kN)

23

M (kNm)
 80 kN 80 kN
40 kN/m B C
170 kNm C
B
2.5 kN
82.5 kN

A
V (kN) - x (m)
170 170 165 -2.5 -

-82.5
+
+ C
B 170 165

M (kNm) M (kNm) x (m)

24
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