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Lect 3-Basic Subnetting

This document provides instructions for subnetting networks using 5 basic tasks: 1) Determine number of needed networks/hosts, 2) Identify borrowed bits, 3) Find magic number multiplier, 4) Map networks using multiplier, 5) Find subnet mask. It gives an example of subnetting the 192.168.11 network into 12 networks using a /28 mask and explains how to determine the number of networks based on binary values.

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44 views

Lect 3-Basic Subnetting

This document provides instructions for subnetting networks using 5 basic tasks: 1) Determine number of needed networks/hosts, 2) Identify borrowed bits, 3) Find magic number multiplier, 4) Map networks using multiplier, 5) Find subnet mask. It gives an example of subnetting the 192.168.11 network into 12 networks using a /28 mask and explains how to determine the number of networks based on binary values.

Uploaded by

api-358658237
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Basic Subnetting

Computing Networks and


Hosts
Basic Subnetting Part 1
There are several ways to find the
specifications of a network.

Here is one simple way to identify the


makeup of a network.

Part I concentrates on finding the number


of networks vs. the number of hosts.
Basic Subnetting
Five basic tasks in determining the
number of networks and hosts:
1. Determine how many hosts or networks
are needed.
2. Identify how many bits were borrowed.
3. Find the multiplier or magic number.
4. Map the network using the multiplier.
5. Find the subnet mask.
Basic Subnetting
Computing the number of
networks is based on the binary
equivalents of the following
numbers:

128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
Finding Networks
Example 1

Given 192.168.11. ___


Find a minimum of 12 networks:
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
Count right to left
1 + 2 + 4 + 8 = 15 networks
Find Borrowed Bits & the
Magic Number
Determine how many bits were
borrowed: 4
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
Count the same number of digits left to
right and draw a line.
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
The magic number is left of the
line: 16
Map the Network
192.168.11.0
192.168.11.16
192.168.11.32
192.168.11.48
192.168.11.64
192.168.11.80
192.168.11.96
192.168.11.112
Map the Network
192.168.11.0 0 = Network Address
15= Broadcast Address 16 = Network
Address
31= Broadcast Address
32= Network Address

47= Broadcast Address


192.168.11.48
Determine the Mask
The mask allows the network to
see only the network address.
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
Add all the numbers left to right,
including the multiplier: 240
Class C Mask is 255.255.255.240
Another Example
202.151.37. ____
What class?
Break points = 0 126 A
128 191 B
192 223 C
Finding Networks
202.151.37. ____
Need 3 Networks:
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
3 networks
2 borrowed bits
Find the Multiplier
2 bits were borrowed
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
Magic Number = 64
Map the Network
202.151.37.0
64 = Network Address
202.151.37.64
127= Broadcast Address
202.151.37.128

202.151.37.192

26 mask bits + 6 host bits = 32 bits


Max subnets = 4
Max Hosts = 62
Compute the Subnet Mask
Subnet mask: 128 + 64 = 192

255.255.255.192
Basic Subnetting
You Try It
198.53.67._____
With 6 bits borrowed
Magic number = ____
Map the first three subnets with net &
broadcast addresses
Subnet Mask = ______

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