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5) Formulation of Research Hypothesis

The document discusses research hypotheses, including defining a hypothesis, the steps to formulate a hypothesis, and criteria for a good hypothesis. A hypothesis is a tentative explanation for events that can be tested. It should state the expected relationship between variables in a clear, unambiguous manner. Developing and testing hypotheses involves stating the null and alternative hypotheses, collecting data, and analyzing whether there is sufficient evidence to reject the null hypothesis.

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Kranthi Tripura
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928 views

5) Formulation of Research Hypothesis

The document discusses research hypotheses, including defining a hypothesis, the steps to formulate a hypothesis, and criteria for a good hypothesis. A hypothesis is a tentative explanation for events that can be tested. It should state the expected relationship between variables in a clear, unambiguous manner. Developing and testing hypotheses involves stating the null and alternative hypotheses, collecting data, and analyzing whether there is sufficient evidence to reject the null hypothesis.

Uploaded by

Kranthi Tripura
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Formulation

of
research hypothesis.
Some basic questions.
1) What is a research hypothesis?
2) What are the steps involved in the
formulation of a research hypothesis?
3) What is the role of a research hypothesis?
4) What are the criteria of a good research
hypothesis?
5)What is the procedure of testing a research
hypothesis?
The Hypothesis
The hypothesis originates from a proposition.
It is a statement about a concept that may be
true or false when referred to an observable
phenomenon.
It is a refinement of the research problem and
is a specific statement of the problem.
A hypothesis either relates theory to
observation or observation to theory.
Definition of hypothesis.
A hypothesis is a tentative explanation for
certain behavior or phenomena or events that
have occurred or will occur. It is a possible out
come of the research or an educated guess
about the out come of the research which can
be tested for possible acceptance or
rejection.
Research hypothesis.
It states the researchers expectation about
relationship between the variables in the
research problem.
It states what is going to be the most likely out
come of the study.
The review of literature leads the researcher
to expect a certain type of relationship
between the variables.
Schematic diagram.
Research hypothesis.
Research hypotheses are developed from
observation and are concerned with behavior of
observable random variables. As such they are
Statistical Hypotheses.
They can be tested on the basis of limited
observations or results of visualized random
experiments.
Research hypotheses in social sciences and
management studies are statistical hypotheses.
Role of a hypothesis.
It is a tentative explanation of the
phenomenon being observed.
It provides direction to the investigation.
It gives a relational statement that is testable.
Further it also gives idea about suitable
designs.
It provides idea about the data to be collected
for the investigation.
Role of a hypothesis.
A hypothesis is helps in identifying the
research objectives.
It is helpful in identification of key concepts
involved.
It is helpful in identifying the relationship to
both problem statement and literature review.
Criteria of a good hypothesis.
A good research hypothesis states clearly and
concisely the expected relationship between the
variables and defines the variables in operational
and measurable terms.
A hypothesis should be conceptually clear and
unambiguous.
It should be exact and specific to enable its
verification.
It should give good insight into the research
question.
Criteria of a good hypothesis.
A hypothesis should lead to specific steps for
its testing.
Further it should be related to available
techniques.
Types of hypotheses.
Research hypothesis belongs to one of the
following categories.
1) Descriptive hypothesis.
A descriptive hypothesis states the
existence, size, form and distribution of some
variable.
2) Relational hypothesis.
It is a statement that describes the
relation between two variables with respect to
some case.
Types of hypotheses.
3) Correlational hypothesis.
It states that the variables occur
together in some specified manner without
implying that one causes the other.
4) Causal hypothesis.
A hypothesis that indicates that
change in one variable causes or leads to a
change in the other variable.
Testing of a hypothesis.
Step-1: State the null hypothesis.
( A hypothesis of no change or no
difference.)
Step-2: State the alternative hypothesis.
(The relationship that is expected if
the research hypothesis is true).
Step-3: Mention the level of significance.
Testing of a hypothesis.
Step-4: Give the test statistic and its
probability distribution.
Step-5: Mention the decision making
criterion.
Step-6: Select the research method to
collect the observations reflecting
the relationship.
Step-7: Collect and analyze empirical data.
Testing of a hypothesis.
Step-8: Find the calculated value of the test
statistic.
Step-9: Find the critical value of the test
statistic.
Step-10: Decide whether there is sufficient
evidence to reject the null
hypothesis.

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