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Population Dynamics: Bio 1 Hon: Chapter 4 Section 1 Bio 1: Chapter 14 Sections 3 and 4

This document discusses population dynamics and limiting factors. It defines key population characteristics like density, distribution, and range. There are two types of limiting factors - density independent, which do not depend on population size like natural disasters, and density dependent, which are influenced by population size like disease and competition. An invasive species can impact native populations by competing for resources or preying on them. Population growth depends on birth and death rates, as well as immigration and emigration. Carrying capacity is the maximum population an environment can sustain and populations will stabilize around this level as resources become limited.

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Sonya Naser Khella
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61 views

Population Dynamics: Bio 1 Hon: Chapter 4 Section 1 Bio 1: Chapter 14 Sections 3 and 4

This document discusses population dynamics and limiting factors. It defines key population characteristics like density, distribution, and range. There are two types of limiting factors - density independent, which do not depend on population size like natural disasters, and density dependent, which are influenced by population size like disease and competition. An invasive species can impact native populations by competing for resources or preying on them. Population growth depends on birth and death rates, as well as immigration and emigration. Carrying capacity is the maximum population an environment can sustain and populations will stabilize around this level as resources become limited.

Uploaded by

Sonya Naser Khella
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Population Dynamics

Bio 1 Hon: Chapter 4 Section 1


Bio 1: Chapter 14 sections 3 and 4
Population Characteristics
All species occur in groups called
populations
All populations including bacteria,
animals and plants, have characteristics
that describe and classify them
Population Density is the number of
organisms per unit area. (# organisms/sq.
mile)
Spatial Distribution or dispersion is the
pattern of spacing of a population within
an area. This is classified as either
uniform, clumped groups, or random
Population Range is the area in which a
species is found. This could be
influenced by abiotic or biotic factors
Population Limiting Factors
Limiting factors can be biotic or abiotic factors
that keep a population from increasing
indefinitely
There are two types of population limiting
factors density dependent and density
independent
Any factor in the environment that does not
depend on the number of organisms per unit
area are density is a density independent
factor. Flood, fire, and pollution are all density
independent
Factors that are based on the population
density of an organism are density dependent
factors. These are usually biotic factors such as
disease, predation, or parasites
Turn and Talk
Give 3 specific examples of population limiting
factors.
Density-Independent Factors
Density independent factors are usually
abiotic such as natural disasters and fires
A forest fire limits the population of trees
in the forest by damaging them
When the large trees are gone however,
this opens up nutrients and sunlight for
ground cover plants to grow
Conversely, a small ground fire will clear
out all of the ground level plants and
leave more nutrients for the larger tress
to grow
Human activities such as pollution, or
building dams, and water diversions can
affect the resources and therefore limit
populations as well
Density-Dependent Factors
Density dependent factors are usually biotic
such as predators or parasites
Disease outbreaks tend to occur when
population density is high and can transfer
from individual to individual
Competition for resources is another density
dependent factor. This can be within a
species or between species
As population size decreases due to limited
resources, competition becomes less fierce
Parasites spread in a fashion similar to
disease in high density populations. This can
severely limit population growth at higher
densities
How can an invasive species impact population
dynamics?
Population Growth Rate
The population growth rate describes how
fast a population is growing and relies on
several other factors
Natality is the birth rate of a population and
describes how many new individuals are
born into that population
Mortality is the death rate or number of
deaths in a time period
Emigration is the number of individuals
moving away from a population
Immigration is the number of individuals
moving into a population
Emigration and Immigration are usually
equal so Natality and Mortality are the most
important for determining population
growth
Carrying Capacity
The maximum number of individuals an
environment can support is the carrying
capacity
Carrying capacity is influenced by
available nutrients, water, oxygen, and
energy
When resources are plentiful, the
population can exceed the carrying
capacity because births outnumber deaths
As resources become limited, deaths
outnumber births and the population
decreases under the carrying capacity
Populations will tend to stabilize over time
Turn and Talk
How are population limiting factors and
carrying capacity related?

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