NATURAL SCIENCE.

UNIT 3
REPRODUCTION IN HUMANS
1.OVARIES AND TESTICLES
2. FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
3.MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
4. FERTILISATION AND PREGNANCY
5. BIRTH
6. SOLVING PROBLEMS
7. TWINS
8. AMAZING SCIENCE. HYBRID ANIMALS
 BEFORE STARTING
Humans reproduce by s____________
r_____________. The male s____________
cell and the female e____________ cell
combine to create a f______________. Each
cell contains the D__________of the parent.
As a result, physical ch________________ are
passed from the parents to the child.
 What are reproductive cells like?

OVARIES TESTICLES

Men have two testicles. They

produce sperm cells from puberty.
This process doesnt stop at a
specific age. As a result, millions of
sperm cells are produced in the
Women have two ovaries. During testicles throughout a mans lifetime.
puberty, ovaries start to release
eggs. Every 28 days, a mature egg
cell is released from one of the
ovaries. This process usually
continues until a woman is
between 45 and 55 years old.
 Humans are living things, and so they can
perform the life process of reproduction.
Human reproduction is sexual reproduction
because the process needs both a male sex
cell and female sex cell. The reproductive
system carries out the process of
reproduction. Both the male and female
reproductive systems have internal and
external organs. Most male reproductive
organs are external and most female ones are
internal.
 WRITE OVA OR SPERM
A)______ contain nutrients for the new baby.
B)___ have a long tail which helps them to
move.
C) ___ are produced in the testes.
D) ____ are produced in the ovaries.
E) ___ travel along the fallopian tubes to the
uterus.
 Female reproductive system.

The ovaries are two

almond shaped The uterus is a hollow
organs that produce organ with muscular
egg cells. There is walls. This is where a
one ovary on each fertilised egg cell
side of the uterus. develops into a fetus.

The fallopian tubes

The cervix is the
connect the ovary
narrow part of the
with the uterus. The
uterus that leads to
egg cell travels along
the vagina.
them.
The vagina is a muscular canal that
leads from the vulva to the uterus.
 Male reproductive system

Vas deferens: tube Prostate: large gland that

which sperm cells produces a white liquid
travel through. which makes up the semen.

Penis: elastic and Seminal vesicles: two small

cylindrical organ. Its glands which produce a
end is the glans. liquid that becomes part of
the semen.
Testicles: two oval
organs that produce Foreskin:
sperm cells. They Urethra: tube that goes from the fold of skin
are suspended bladder, through the prostate, and out that covers
inside a bag of skin the end of the penis. It carries both the end of
called the scrotum. semen and urine out of the body. the penis.
Write the words.
a) e_____ c_____ : the female reproductive cell, or gamete.
b) o___________: the organs that releases female reproductive cells.
c) u___________: a hollow organ where a zygote grows into a foetus.
d) f_________ t_______: two tubes that connect the ovaries to the uterus.
e) s_____ c_____: the male reproductive cell, or gamete.
f) t____________: the organs that produces male reproductive cells.
g) v_____ d________: two tubes that connect the tesctiles to the urethra.
h) s___________: a white liquid that contains the male reproductive cells.
 Say where it belongs to:
Ovaries
Testes
Prostate gland
Vas deferens
Urethra
Vagina
Fallopian tubes
CIRCLE THE INCORRECT WORD. THEN,
WRITE THE CORRECT WORD
Complete the definitions.
a) The ovaries are the organs where _______________________________________.
b) The fallopian tubes connect the ________________ to the ___________________.
c) The female gamete, or egg cell is the ____________________________________.
d) The cervix is the _____________________________ of the __________________.
e) The male gamete, or sperm cell has a ___________________ and a ___________.
f) The testicles are the organs where _______________________________________.
 FERTILISATION AND PREGNANCY
Fertilisation IS WHEN AN OVUM AND A SPERM JOIN TO FORM A NEW CELL
CALLED ZYGOTE.
1. A man and a woman have sexual intercourse.
2. The man deposits his semen in the womans vagina.
3. The sperm cells swim up the fallopian tubes.
4. One of them fertilises the female egg cell. The zygote is formed (CONCEPTION)
5. It goes into the uterus and divides many times to form an embryo.
6. After about six days, it attaches to the wall of the uterus ( PREGNANCY)
Placenta:
It provides the fetus with oxygen and nutrients.
It takes away waste that the fetus produces.
The fetus is connected to the placenta by the
umbilical cord.
Amniotic sac: thin bag that contains the amniotic
fluid, which supports and protects the fetus.
 BIRTH
Birth happens at the end of pregnancy. Just before
birth, involuntary muscles produce contractions in the
uterus. These contractions help to push the baby out of
the mothers body. The process of giving birth is called
LABOUR. It has 3 stages: Dilation ( the uterus gets
wider so that the baby can come out), Birth ( the baby
leaves the mothers vagina) and finally Afterbirth (
Umbilical cord is cut. The mark left on the babys
abdomen is called the navel)
As humans are mamals, their babies drink their
mothers milk. The milk is produced in special glands
called mammary glands.
 Complete the flow charts.
a) Show the journey of the egg cell out of the body.

1. Ovaries 2. 3. 4. Vagina

b) Show the journey of the sperm cell out of the body.

1. Testicles 2. 3. 4. 5. Urethra

c) Show the development of a fetus during pregnancy.

1. Egg cell and sperm cell 2. 3. 4. Fetus

True or false?
a) In in vitro fertilisation, the female cell is fertilised in the uterus. T/F
b) During pregnancy, the foetus develops inside the amniotic sac. T/F
c) The placenta joins the foetus to the wall of the uterus. T/F
d) During birth, first the placenta is expelled, then the foetus. T/F
e) During pregnancy, ultrasound scans help doctors check the foetus. T/F
f) In a caesarean section, the foetus is removed through the vagina. T/F
 SOLVING PROBLEMS

Fertilisation. Sometimes people find it hard to have babies.

In-vitro fertilisation: it is used to help people who find it hard to have babies
naturally by joining the male and female reproductive cells in a laboratory.
Then the zygote is placed inside the womans uterus.

Birth. Problems can occur during birth.

Breech birth. In these cases, doctors usually perform a Caesarean section. They
cut a small opening through the lower abdomen and the wall of the uterus. The
fetus is extracted through this opening.

Pregnancy. Sometimes there are abnormalities in the fetus.

Amniocentesis: a small amount of amniotic fluid is removed from the amniotic
sac to analyse it to detect these abnormalities.
 TWINS

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RKiqcGRQ4RA
THE STORY OF ABIGAIL AND BRITTANY
HENSEL

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aezZzCJy9U
M
AMAZING SCIENCE. HYBRID ANIMALS.